Nongassing NiCd battery cell

Method of constructing nickel cadmium batteries prevents excessive gas buildup and allows hermetic sealing of battery for increased service life and reduced maintenance cost

Factorizations of Elements in Noncommutative Rings: A Survey

We survey results on factorizations of non zero-divisors into atoms (irreducible elements) in noncommutative rings. The point of view in this survey is motivated by the commutative theory of non-unique factorizations. Topics covered include unique factorization up to order and similarity, 2-firs, and modular LCM domains, as well as UFRs and UFDs in the sense of Chatters and Jordan and generalizations thereof. We recall arithmetical invariants for the study of non-unique factorizations, and give transfer results for arithmetical invariants in matrix rings, rings of triangular matrices, and classical maximal orders as well as classical hereditary orders in central simple algebras over global fields.Comment: 50 pages, comments welcom

Acute complete heart block in dogs

A study has been conducted immediately and up to 18 days after the surgical production of complete heart block in dogs. Immediately after surgery cardiac output, coronary flow, and mean arterial pressure were reduced in rough proportion to the degree of bradycardia. In time, these measures began to return toward preoperative levels. Paralleling the diminished left ventricular work was a diminished left ventricular oxygen consumption with little consequent change in myocardial efficiency. Small rises were detected in central venous pressure. At autopsy, the only unequivocal abnormality was myocardial hypertrophy which became measurable between 2 and 18 days after operation

Low-Temperature Permittivity of Insulating Perovskite Manganites

Measurements of the low-frequency (f<=100 kHz) permittivity and conductivity at T<= 150 K are reported for La(1-x)Ca(x)MnO(3) (0<=x<=1) and Ca(1-y)Sr(y)MnO(3) (0<=y<=0.75) having antiferromagnetic, insulating ground states covering a broad range of Mn valencies from Mn(3+) to Mn(4+). Static dielectric constants are determined from the low-T limiting behavior. With increasing T, relaxation peaks associated with charge-carrier hopping are observed in the real part of the permittivities and analyzed to determine dopant binding energies. The data are consistent with a simple model of hydrogenic impurity levels and imply effective masses m*/m_e~3 for the Mn(4+) compounds. Particularly interesting is a large dielectric constant (~100) associated with the C-type antiferromagnetic state near the composition La(0.2)Ca(0.8)MnO(3).Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures, PRB in pres

Applications of DFT to the theory of twentieth-century harmony

Music theorists have only recently, following groundbreaking work by Quinn, recognized the potential for the DFT on pcsets, initially proposed by Lewin, to serve as the foundation of a theory of harmony for the twentieth century. This paper investigates pcset “arithmetic” – subset structure, transpositional combination, and interval content – through the lens of the DFT. It discusses relationships between interval classes and DFT magnitudes, considers special properties of dyads, pcset products, and generated collections, and suggest methods of using the DFT in analysis, including interpreting DFT magnitudes, using phase spaces to understand subset structure, and interpreting the DFT of Lewin’s interval function. Webern’s op. 5/4 and Bartok’s String Quartet 4, iv, are discussed.Accepted manuscrip

THE IN VITRO DIFFERENTIATION OF MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES : IV. THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF MACROPHAGE DIFFERENTIATION IN THE PERITONEAL CAVITY AND IN CULTURE

The structure of unstimulated mouse peritoneal phagocytes has been examined by electron microscopy and compared to cells obtained from the inflamed peritoneum and from cultures maintained in vitro. The unstimulated cell resembles the blood monocyte and contains a moderate amount of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, a small but well defined Golgi apparatus and a few, small, electron-opaque granules in the cytoplasm. During in vitro cultivation there are marked changes in cell ultrastructure. Most prominent is the formation of large electron-opaque granules, some of which have a complex matrix containing both electron-opaque and lucent vesicles. In addition, there is an increase in size of the Golgi apparatus with the appearance of new lamellae and tiny, smooth surfaced vesicles. With continued cultivation, large lipid droplets are found in apposition to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The formation and size of electron-opaque granules as well as the enlargement of the Golgi region is stimulated by high concentrations of serum in the medium. Cells obtained from the peritoneal cavity of lipopolysaccharide stimulated animals demonstrated changes in ultrastructure similar to those seen in cells cultured in vitro

Heat Conduction and Magnetic Phase Behavior in Electron-Doped Ca_{1-x} La_x MnO_3(0 <= x <= 0.2)

Measurements of thermal conductivity (kappa) vs temperature are reported for a series of Ca_{1-x} La_x MnO_3(0 <= x <= 0.2) specimens. For the undoped (x=0), G-type antiferromagnetic compound a large enhancement of kappa below the Neel temperature (T_N ~ 125 K) indicates a strong coupling of heat-carrying phonons to the spin system. This enhancement exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior with increasing x and correlates remarkably well with the small ferromagnetic component of the magnetization reported previously [Neumeier and Cohn, Phys. Rev. B 61 14319 (2000).] Magnetoelastic polaron formation appears to underly the behavior of kappa and the magnetization at x <= 0.02.Comment: submitted to PRB; 4 pp., 4 Fig.'s, RevTex

Temperature Effects on Threshold Counterion Concentration to Induce Aggregation of fd Virus

We seek to determine the mechanism of like-charge attraction by measuring the temperature dependence of critical divalent counterion concentration ($\rm{C_{c}}$) for the aggregation of fd viruses. We find that an increase in temperature causes $\rm{C_c}$ to decrease, primarily due to a decrease in the dielectric constant ($\epsilon$) of the solvent. At a constant $\epsilon$, $\rm{C_c}$ is found to increase as the temperature increases. The effects of $T$ and $\epsilon$ on $\rm {C_{c}}$ can be combined to that of one parameter: Bjerrum length ($l_{B}$). $\rm{C_{c}}$ decreases exponentially as $l_{B}$ increases, suggesting that entropic effect of counterions plays an important role at the onset of bundle formation.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure