17,413 research outputs found
Accurate determination of the scattering length of metastable Helium atoms using dark resonances between atoms and exotic molecules
We present a new measurement of the s-wave scattering length a of
spin-polarized helium atoms in the 2^3S_1 metastable state. Using two-photon
photoassociation spectroscopy and dark resonances we measure the energy
E_{v=14}= -91.35 +/- 0.06 MHz of the least bound state v=14 in the interaction
potential of the two atoms. We deduce a value of a = 7.512 +/- 0.005 nm, which
is at least one hundred times more precise than the best previous
determinations and is in disagreement with some of them. This experiment also
demonstrates the possibility to create exotic molecules binding two metastable
atoms with a lifetime of the order of 1 microsecond.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Non-Local Quantum Gates: a Cavity-Quantum-Electro-Dynamics implementation
The problems related to the management of large quantum registers could be
handled in the context of distributed quantum computation: unitary non-local
transformations among spatially separated local processors are realized
performing local unitary transformations and exchanging classical
communication. In this paper, we propose a scheme for the implementation of
universal non-local quantum gates such as a controlled-\gate{NOT} (\cnot)
and a controlled-quantum phase gate (\gate{CQPG}). The system we have chosen
for their physical implementation is a Cavity-Quantum-Electro-Dynamics (CQED)
system formed by two spatially separated microwave cavities and two trapped
Rydberg atoms. We describe the procedures to follow for the realization of each
step necessary to perform a specific non-local operation.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, RevTeX; extensively revised versio
Complex collective states in a one-dimensional two-atom system
We consider a pair of identical two-level atoms interacting with a scalar
field in one dimension, separated by a distance . We restrict our
attention to states where one atom is excited and the other is in the ground
state, in symmetric or anti-symmetric combinations. We obtain exact collective
decaying states, belonging to a complex spectral representation of the
Hamiltonian. The imaginary parts of the eigenvalues give the decay rates, and
the real parts give the average energy of the collective states. In one
dimension there is strong interference between the fields emitted by the atoms,
leading to long-range cooperative effects. The decay rates and the energy
oscillate with the distance . Depending on , the decay rates
will either decrease, vanish or increase as compared with the one-atom decay
rate. We have sub- and super-radiance at periodic intervals. Our model may be
used to study two-cavity electron wave-guides. The vanishing of the collective
decay rates then suggests the possibility of obtaining stable configurations,
where an electron is trapped inside the two cavities.Comment: 14 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
A Polynomial-time Algorithm for Outerplanar Diameter Improvement
The Outerplanar Diameter Improvement problem asks, given a graph and an
integer , whether it is possible to add edges to in a way that the
resulting graph is outerplanar and has diameter at most . We provide a
dynamic programming algorithm that solves this problem in polynomial time.
Outerplanar Diameter Improvement demonstrates several structural analogues to
the celebrated and challenging Planar Diameter Improvement problem, where the
resulting graph should, instead, be planar. The complexity status of this
latter problem is open.Comment: 24 page
Optimizing local protocols implementing nonlocal quantum gates
We present a method of optimizing recently designed protocols for
implementing an arbitrary nonlocal unitary gate acting on a bipartite system.
These protocols use only local operations and classical communication with the
assistance of entanglement, and are deterministic while also being "one-shot",
in that they use only one copy of an entangled resource state. The optimization
is in the sense of minimizing the amount of entanglement used, and it is often
the case that less entanglement is needed than with an alternative protocol
using two-way teleportation.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure. This is a companion paper to arXiv:1001.546
Multi--hump soliton--like structures in interactions of lasers and Bose--Einstein condensates
An investigation is made of multi-hump and periodic solutions of the
semi-classical coupled equations describing laser radiation copropagating with
a Bose-Einstein condensate. Solutions reminiscent of optical vector solitons
have been found and have been used to gain understanding of the dynamics
observed in the numerical simulations, in particular to shed light on the
phenomenon of jet emission from a condensate interacting with a laser.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures; submitted to European Physics Letter
Observation of quantum interference in the plasmonic Hong-Ou-Mandel effect
We report direct evidence of the bosonic nature of surface plasmon polaritons
(SPPs) in a scattering-based beamsplitter. A parametric down-conversion source
is used to produce two indistinguishable photons, each of which is converted
into a SPP on a metal-stripe waveguide and then made to interact through a
semi-transparent Bragg mirror. In this plasmonic analog of the Hong-Ou-Mandel
experiment, we measure a coincidence dip with a visibility of 72%, a key
signature that SPPs are bosons and that quantum interference is clearly
involved.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Explicit Form of the Evolution Operator of Tavis-Cummings Model : Three and Four Atoms Cases
In this letter the explicit form of evolution operator of the Tavis-Cummings
model with three and four atoms is given. This is an important progress in
quantum optics or mathematical physics.Comment: Latex file, 10 pages. We combined quant-ph/0404034(the three atoms
case) and quant-ph/0406184(the four atoms case) into an article. to appear in
International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physic
Fermion and Anti-Fermion Effective Masses in High Temperature Gauge Theories in -Asymmetric Background
We calculate the splitting between fermion and anti-fermion effective masses
in high temperature gauge theories in the presence of a non-vanishing chemical
potential due to the -asymmetric fermionic background. In particular we
consider the case of left-handed leptons in the theory when
the temperature is above GeV and the gauge symmetry is restored.Comment: 13 pages, TIPAC-93001
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