18,361 research outputs found
No Heavy Element Dispersion in the Globular Cluster M92
Although there have been recent claims that there is a large dispersion in
the abundances of the heavy neutron capture elements in the old Galactic
globular cluster M92, we show that the measured dispersion for the absolute
abundances of four of the rare earth elements within a sample of 12 luminous
red giants in M92 (less than or equal to 0.07 dex) does not exceed the relevant
sources of uncertainty. As expected from previous studies, the heavy elements
show the signature of the r-process. Their abundance ratios are essentially
identical to those of M30, another nearby globular cluster of similar
metallicity.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letter
Algebraic Properties of Valued Constraint Satisfaction Problem
The paper presents an algebraic framework for optimization problems
expressible as Valued Constraint Satisfaction Problems. Our results generalize
the algebraic framework for the decision version (CSPs) provided by Bulatov et
al. [SICOMP 2005]. We introduce the notions of weighted algebras and varieties
and use the Galois connection due to Cohen et al. [SICOMP 2013] to link VCSP
languages to weighted algebras. We show that the difficulty of VCSP depends
only on the weighted variety generated by the associated weighted algebra.
Paralleling the results for CSPs we exhibit a reduction to cores and rigid
cores which allows us to focus on idempotent weighted varieties. Further, we
propose an analogue of the Algebraic CSP Dichotomy Conjecture; prove the
hardness direction and verify that it agrees with known results for VCSPs on
two-element sets [Cohen et al. 2006], finite-valued VCSPs [Thapper and Zivny
2013] and conservative VCSPs [Kolmogorov and Zivny 2013].Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1207.6692 by other author
Model Independent Tests of Skyrmions and Their Holographic Cousins
We describe a new exact relation for large QCD for the long-distance
behavior of baryon form factors in the chiral limit. This model-independent
relation is used to test the consistency of the structure of several baryon
models. All 4D semiclassical chiral soliton models satisfy the relation, as
does the Pomarol-Wulzer holographic model of baryons as 5D Skyrmions. However,
remarkably, we find that the holographic model treating baryons as instantons
in the Sakai-Sugimoto model does not satisfy the relation.Comment: v2. Added references, corrected typo
Dynamical dispersion relation for ELKO dark spinor fields
An intrinsic mass generation mechanism for exotic ELKO dark matter fields is
scrutinized, in the context of the very special relativity (VSR). Our results
are reported on unraveling inequivalent spin structures that educe an
additional term on the associated Dirac operator. Contrary to the spinor fields
of mass dimension 3/2, this term is precluded to be absorbed as a shift of some
gauge vector potential, regarding the equations for the dark spinor fields. It
leads to some dynamical constraints that can be intrinsically converted into a
dark spinor mass generation mechanism, with the encoded symmetries maintained
by the VSR. The dynamical mass is embedded in the VSR framework through a
natural coupling to the kink solution of a \lambda \phi^{4} theory for a scalar
field \phi. Our results evince the possibility of novel effective scenarios,
derived from exotic couplings among dark spinor fields and scalar field
topological solutions.Comment: 6 pages, to appear in Phys.Lett.
Anomalous diffusion in polymers: long-time behaviour
We study the Dirichlet boundary value problem for viscoelastic diffusion in
polymers. We show that its weak solutions generate a dissipative semiflow. We
construct the minimal trajectory attractor and the global attractor for this
problem.Comment: 13 page
How I treat anticoagulant-refractory thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome
The standard treatment of thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is lifelong oral anticoagulation with a vitamin K antagonist (VKA), generally warfarin. A minority of APS patients re-thrombose despite seemingly adequate anticoagulation. These patients are deemed anticoagulant-refractory. The management of anticoagulant-refractory APS is largely empirical and extrapolated from other clinically similar situations. Further options include increased VKA anticoagulation intensity or alternative antithrombotic strategies, including low-molecular-weight heparin, fondaparinux, the addition of antiplatelet therapy and consideration of vascular options. Anticoagulant-refractory thrombotic APS patients may have APS-associated thrombocytopenia, which necessitates balancing the risk of recurrent thrombosis versus bleeding, to achieve adequate anticoagulation. The multiple mechanisms involved in the generation of the thrombotic phenotype in APS suggest that anticoagulation alone may not control thrombosis. Thus, other modalities, including adjunctive treatment (hydroxychloroquine, statins and vitamin D) for APS-related thrombosis merit consideration, as well as immunomodulatory therapy and complement inhibition. APS patients may have coexistent systemic lupus erythematosus, which adds to the complexity of managing their thromboembolic disease. However, with attention to detail and judicious application of the limited data, it is possible to minimise the morbidity resulting from anticoagulant-refractory thrombotic APS. Multicentre studies are required to guide the sequence of interventions and their comparative efficacy in patients with anticoagulant-refractory thrombotic APS
NGC 2419 -- Another Remnant of Accretion by the Milky Way
We isolate a sample of 43 upper RGB stars in the extreme outer halo Galactic
globular cluster NGC 2419 from two Keck/DEIMOS slitmasks. The probability that
there is more than one contaminating halo field star in this sample is
extremely low. Analysis of moderate resolution spectra of these cluster
members, as well as of our Keck/HIRES high resolution spectra of a subsample of
them, demonstrates that there is a small but real spread in Ca abundance of ~
0.2 dex within this massive metal-poor globular cluster. This provides
additional support to earlier suggestions that NGC 2419 is the remnant of a
dwarf galaxy accreted long ago by the Milky Way.Comment: Accepted to the Astrophysical Journa
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