243 research outputs found
The unusual 3D distribution of NaCl around the AGB star IK Tau
NaCl is a diatomic molecule with a large dipole moment, which allows for its
detection even at relatively small abundances. It has been detected towards
several evolved stars, among which is the AGB star IK Tau, around which it is
distributed in several clumps that lie off-center from the star. We aim to
study the three-dimensional distribution of NaCl around the AGB star IK Tau,
and to obtain the abundance of NaCl relative to H for each of the clumps.
First, a new value for the maximum expansion velocity is determined. The
observed ALMA channel maps are then deprojected to create a three-dimensional
model of the distribution of NaCl. This model is then used as input for the
radiative transfer modelling code magritte, which is used to obtain the NaCl
abundances of each of the clumps by comparing the observations with the results
of the magritte simulations. Additionally, the rotational temperature of the
clumps is determined using population diagrams. We derive an updated value for
the maximum expansion velocity of IK Tau = 28.4 km/s. A
spiral-like shape can be discerned in our three-dimensional distribution model
of the NaCl. This spiral lies more or less in the plane of the sky. The
distribution is also flatter in the line-of-sight direction than in the plane
of the sky. We find clump abundances between and relative to H, where the relative abundance is typically lower for
clumps closer to the star. For the first time, we used deprojection to
understand the three-dimensional environment of an AGB star and calculated the
fractional abundance of NaCl in clumps surrounding the star.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&
Improvement of the realisation of the mass scale
The project 19RPT02“Improvement of the realisation of the mass scale”(EMPIR [1] Call 2019 –Energy, Environment, Normative and Research Potential)has just started.Its aim is to improve the quality of one of the most important tasksin mass metrology,the realisation of the mass scale. After the new definition of the kilogram this technique is getting more important
An elderly woman with obstructed obturator hernia: a less common variety of external abdominal hernia
Obturator hernia is a type of external abdominal hernia. Site of herniation is the obturator canal, which is the superolateral aspect of the obturator foramen. The herniation sac exits the pelvis near the obturator nerve and vessels . Herniated loops of small bowel extend between the pectineus and obturator muscles. In this report, we present a case of obstructed obturator hernia
FISH analysis of PTEN in endometrial carcinoma. Comparison with SNP arrays and MLPA
Aims: To check the usefulness of a standardized protocol of PTEN FISH in 31 endometrial carcinomas
(ECs) in comparison with SNP array (SNPA), multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA),
and immunohistochemistry. Methods and results: Fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis showed two PTEN copies in 17 cases, three copies in nine cases, hemizygous deletion in two cases, and diverse cell populations with different PTEN copy number in three cases. A good correlation was seen between FISH and SNPA, particularly in cases with three copies. FISH identified two cases with entire deletion of chromosome 10, but did not identify a focal deletion of PTEN. Five cases with PTEN deletion and duplication of the second allele by SNPA were interpreted as normal by FISH. Concordance between FISH and MLPA was seen in 15 cases with two copies, and in two cases with PTEN deletion. Six cases were interpreted as amplified by MLPA, but showed polyploidy by FISH. FISH was superior to SNPA and MLPA in assessing the tumours with diverse cell populations with different PTEN copies. Conclusions: The results show good concordance between FISH, SNPA and MLPA. SNPA was superior in tumours with deletion of one copy and duplication of the second allele. FISH was superior in assessing tumour heterogeneity.The study was supported by a research agreement with Dako, Denmark. The research team was also supported by grants FIS PI100922, Fundacion Mutua Madrilena AP75732010, 2009SGR794, RD12/0036/ ~ 0013, Fundacion Asociaci on Espa nola contra el Can- ~ cer, Programa de Intensificacion de la Investigaci on, Instituto Carlos III, Verelst Baarmoederkankerfonds, Leuven, and ENITEC (European Network for Individualized Treatment of Endometrial Carcinoma). F. Amant is senior researcher for the research fund Flandersb (FWO). Tumour samples were obtained with the support of Xarxa Catalana de Bancs de Tumours, and Plataforma de Biobancos ISCIII (PT13/ 0010/0014)
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