ACTION OF DWARF MUCUNA, PIGEON PEA AND STYLOSANTHES ON WEED UNDER FIELD AND LABORATORY CONDITIONS

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)The quality and allelopathy properties of dwarf mucuna, dwarf pigeon pea and stylosanthes as cover crops on corn and weed species were evaluated. Seeds were sown in October 2007, with a control treatment, in 20 plots of 4x5m, with Jive replicates. Weed population was determined 30 and 60 days after sowing. At 90 days, plants were mowed and the residues left to remain on the plot. Fresh and dry mass of the cover crops were determined and the allelopathic potential of aqueous extract of their aerial part was tested. The extract was chemically characterized and applied on seeds of weeds and corn. The experimental design was completely randomized and averages compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% significance. The cover crops showed to be effective in the control of weeds. The highest values in fresh and dry mass were obtained for dwarf pigeon pea, followed by dwarf mucuna; fresh mass increased 72 and 34%, respectively, compared to the control. The extract with dwarf mucuna affected arrowleaf sida germination. The use of green manure in the summer or between harvests ensures that crop rotation is carried out properly and warrants its benefits.3611841847UnioesteConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Queda entre idosos no Brasil e sua relação com o uso de medicamentos: revisão sistemática Falls in elderly Brazilians and the relationship to medication: a systematic review

Quedas em idosos estão frequentemente relacionadas ao uso de medicamentos e geralmente levam a um prognóstico ruim, representando um problema de saúde pública. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar estudos publicados no Brasil, examinando o uso de medicamentos como fator de risco para quedas ou fraturas decorrentes das quedas em idosos. As bases de dados utilizadas foram LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, utilizando os descritores falls, elderly, medication/pharmaceutical preparations/medicines/drugs ou ainda specific groups of medications. Foram identificados 340 artigos; dentre eles, 53 cumpriram com os critérios de inclusão, porém apenas 6 estudos farmacoepidemiológicos de quedas por idosos foram realizados no Brasil. Os principais grupos farmacológicos associados ao aumento do risco de queda foram: antidepressivos, sedativos, ansiolíticos, diuréticos. Tendo em vista o envelhecimento da população no Brasil, necessário é que sejam realizadas e incentivadas pesquisas bem delineadas com tal população para produzir informação científica idônea e promover uso racional de medicamentos em geriatria.<br>Falls in the elderly, often classified as accidental, are frequently related to medication, generally involving poor prognosis and thus becoming a public health issue. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify published Brazilian studies on medication as a risk factor for falls or fall-related fractures in the elderly. The search covered the LILACS, PubMed, and SciELO indexes using the descriptors falls, elderly, and pharmaceutical preparations/medications/medicines/drugs or specific drug classes. A total of 340 articles presented data on prevalence, incidence, and risk factors associated with medication and falls or fall-related fractures, but only 6 pharmacoepidemiological studies were examined because they were conducted specifically in Brazilian samples. The main drug classes associated with increased risk of falls: antidepressants, sedatives, anxiolytics, and diuretics. The promotion of rational drug use in geriatrics requires well-designed studies to produce robust scientific data