A model for concepts extraction and context identification in knowledge based systems

Information Retrieval Systems normally deal with keywordbased technologies. Although those systems reach satisfactory results, they aren’t able to answer more complex queries done by users, especially those directly in natural language. To do that, there are the KnowledgeBased Systems, which use ontologies to represent the knowledge embedded in texts. Currently, the construction of ontologies is based on the participation of three components: the knowledge engineer, the domain specialist, and the system analyst. This work demands time due to the various studies that should be made do determine which elements must participate of the knowledge base and how these elements are interrelated. In this way, using computational systems that, at least, accelerate this work is fundamental to create systems to the market. A model, that allows a computer directly represents the knowledge, just needing a minimal human intervention, or even no one, enlarges the range of domains a system can maintain, becoming it more efficient and userfriendly.Applications in Artificial Intelligence - Knowledge EngineeringRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

A model for concepts extraction and context identification in knowledge based systems

Information Retrieval Systems normally deal with keywordbased technologies. Although those systems reach satisfactory results, they aren’t able to answer more complex queries done by users, especially those directly in natural language. To do that, there are the KnowledgeBased Systems, which use ontologies to represent the knowledge embedded in texts. Currently, the construction of ontologies is based on the participation of three components: the knowledge engineer, the domain specialist, and the system analyst. This work demands time due to the various studies that should be made do determine which elements must participate of the knowledge base and how these elements are interrelated. In this way, using computational systems that, at least, accelerate this work is fundamental to create systems to the market. A model, that allows a computer directly represents the knowledge, just needing a minimal human intervention, or even no one, enlarges the range of domains a system can maintain, becoming it more efficient and userfriendly.Applications in Artificial Intelligence - Knowledge EngineeringRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN