A sequential method to prepare polymorphsand solvatomorphs of [Fe(1,3-bpp)2](ClO4)2·nH2O( n=0, 1, 2) with varying spin-crossover behaviour

Two polymorphs of the spin crossover (SCO) compound [Fe(1,3bpp)2](ClO4)2 (1 and 2; 1,3bpp, 2-(pyrazol-1-yl)-6-(pyrazol-3-yl)-pyridine) are prepared using a novel, stepwise procedure. Crystals of 1 deposit from dry solvents while 2 is obtained from a solid-state procedure, by sequentially removing lattice H2O molecules from the solvatomorph [Fe(1,3bpp)2](ClO4)2·2H2O (2·2H2O), using single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) transformations. Hydrate 2·2H2O is obtained through the same reaction as 1, now with 2.5% of added water. Compounds 2 and 2·2H2O are unstable in the atmosphere and absorb or lose one equivalent of water, respectively, to both yield the stable solvatomorph [Fe(1,3bpp)2](ClO4)2·H2O (2·H2O), also following SCSC processes. The four derivatives have been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). Furthermore, the homogeneity of the various compounds as well as their SCSC interconversions have been confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Polymorphs 1/2 exhibit abrupt SCO near room temperature with T1/2↑ = 279/316 K and T1/2↓ = 276/314 K (near 40 K of shift) and different cooperativity

Prospective individual patient data meta-analysis of two randomized trials on convalescent plasma for COVID-19 outpatients

Data on convalescent plasma (CP) treatment in COVID-19 outpatients are scarce. We aimed to assess whether CP administered during the first week of symptoms reduced the disease progression or risk of hospitalization of outpatients. Two multicenter, double-blind randomized trials (NCT04621123, NCT04589949) were merged with data pooling starting when = 50 years and symptomatic for <= 7days were included. The intervention consisted of 200-300mL of CP with a predefined minimum level of antibodies. Primary endpoints were a 5-point disease severity scale and a composite of hospitalization or death by 28 days. Amongst the 797 patients included, 390 received CP and 392 placebo; they had a median age of 58 years, 1 comorbidity, 5 days symptoms and 93% had negative IgG antibody-test. Seventy-four patients were hospitalized, 6 required mechanical ventilation and 3 died. The odds ratio (OR) of CP for improved disease severity scale was 0.936 (credible interval (CI) 0.667-1.311); OR for hospitalization or death was 0.919 (CI 0.592-1.416). CP effect on hospital admission or death was largest in patients with <= 5 days of symptoms (OR 0.658, 95%CI 0.394-1.085). CP did not decrease the time to full symptom resolution

Sensibilizar brincando : um caminho para a educação ambiental

Aquest projecte es contextualitza a l’Estat de Bahia (Brasil), concretament a l’Àrea de Protecció Ambiental Itacaré/Serra Grande. Es basa en l’educació i la sensibilització ambiental de nens i adolescents de la zona, per tal de valoritzar la figura dels agricultors dins aquest col•lectiu i conscienciar ambientalment sobre la riquesa de la zona on viue

Multiplex Antibody Analysis of IgM, IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in Saliva and Serum From Infected Children and Their Close Contacts

COVID-19 affects children to a lesser extent than adults but they can still get infected and transmit SARS-CoV-2 to their contacts. Field deployable non-invasive sensitive diagnostic techniques are needed to evaluate the infectivity dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in pediatric populations and guide public health interventions, particularly if this population is not fully vaccinated. We evaluated the utility of high-throughput Luminex assays to quantify saliva IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies against five SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) antigens in a contacts and infectivity longitudinal study in 122 individuals (52 children and 70 adults). We compared saliva versus serum/plasma samples in infected children and adults diagnosed by weekly RT-PCR over 35 days (n=62), and those who consistently tested negative over the same follow up period (n=60), in the Summer of 2020 in Barcelona, Spain. Saliva antibody levels in SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive individuals were significantly higher than in negative individuals and correlated with those measured in sera/plasmas. Asymptomatic infected individuals had higher levels of anti-S IgG than symptomatic individuals, suggesting a protective anti-disease role for antibodies. Higher anti-S IgG and IgM levels in serum/plasma and saliva, respectively, in infected children compared to infected adults could also be related to stronger clinical immunity in them. Among infected children, males had higher levels of saliva IgG to N and RBD than females. Despite overall correlation, individual clustering analysis suggested that responses that may not be detected in blood could be patent in saliva, and vice versa. In conclusion, measurement of SARS-CoV-2-specific saliva antibodies should be considered as a complementary non-invasive assay to serum/plasma to determine COVID-19 prevalence and transmission in pediatric populations before and after vaccination campaigns