Male Oxidative Stress Infertility (MOSI): Proposed Terminology and Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Idiopathic Male Infertility

Despite advances in the field of male reproductive health, idiopathic male infertility, in which a man has altered semen characteristics without an identifiable cause and there is no female factor infertility, remains a challenging condition to diagnose and manage. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS) plays an independent role in the etiology of male infertility, with 30% to 80% of infertile men having elevated seminal reactive oxygen species levels. OS can negatively affect fertility via a number of pathways, including interference with capacitation and possible damage to sperm membrane and DNA, which may impair the sperm’s potential to fertilize an egg and develop into a healthy embryo. Adequate evaluation of male reproductive potential should therefore include an assessment of sperm OS. We propose the term Male Oxidative Stress Infertility, or MOSI, as a novel descriptor for infertile men with abnormal semen characteristics and OS, including many patients who were previously classified as having idiopathic male infertility. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) can be a useful clinical biomarker for the classification of MOSI, as it takes into account the levels of both oxidants and reductants (antioxidants). Current treatment protocols for OS, including the use of antioxidants, are not evidence-based and have the potential for complications and increased healthcare-related expenditures. Utilizing an easy, reproducible, and cost-effective test to measure ORP may provide a more targeted, reliable approach for administering antioxidant therapy while minimizing the risk of antioxidant overdose. With the increasing awareness and understanding of MOSI as a distinct male infertility diagnosis, future research endeavors can facilitate the development of evidence-based treatments that target its underlying cause

Associação entre as características hematológicas e a biologia do dourado, Salminus maxillosus Valenciennes, 1840 do rio Mogi-Guaçu, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

In the present research 293 specimens of “dourado”, Salminus maxillosus Valenciennes, 1840, captured every month from August 1996 to December 1997, in Mogi-Guaçu River, downstream and upstream the dam of the Emas Falls (21°58' S - 47°26' W, 560 meters above sea level) were analyzed. The specimens were weighted (Wt - total weight, in grams) and measured (Lt - total length, in cm). Blood samples were taken to determine hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), erythrocyte count (Er) and hematimetric indexes: MCV, MCH and MCHC. Sex and development stage were identified through macroscopic inspection of the gonads (immature, in maturation, mature, spent and resting). Mean values were calculated in relation to sex, gonadal maturation stage and class of total length. Results demonstrate that mean of hematological analyses did not differ significantly when sex, gonadal maturation stage and class of total length were evaluated. Correlation coefficients between hematological variables and between these and biological variables were also calculated, although not much correlation has been found in these analysesForam analisados 293 espécimes de dourado, Salminus maxillosus Valenciennes, 1840, capturados mensalmente, no período de agosto de 1996 a dezembro de 1997, no rio Moji-Guaçu, cachoeira das Emas (21°58’ S - 47°26’ W, altitude 560 metros). Cada indivíduo foi pesado (Wt - peso total, em gramas) e medido (Lt - comprimento total, em cm). Amostras de sangue foram utilizadas para as determinações de: hematócrito (Ht), taxa de hemoglobina (Hb), contagem de eritrócitos (Er) e calculados os índices hematimétricos absolutos: VCM, HCM e CHCM. Calcularam-se as médias das análises por sexo, por estádio de maturação gonadal e por classe de comprimento total. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que as médias das análises hematológicas não diferem significativamente quando analisadas por sexo, estádio de maturação gonadal e classe de comprimento total. Calcularam-se as correlações entre as variáveis hematológicas entre si e entre estas e as biológicas, observando-se pouca correlação entre ela