Alojamiento turístico y desplazamiento de población

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo examinar si el crecimiento en la oferta de alojamiento turístico está conllevando procesos de desplazamiento de población. En este sentido, analizo el impacto que tanto hoteles como apartamentos alquilados por días tienen en el mercado de la vivienda, sobre todo después de la proliferación de este tipo de alojamiento gracias a portales de internet como Airbnb. La investigación muestra que existe un progresivo paso de vivienda a uso turístico y que este paso excluye y desplaza a la población local. El desplazamiento afecta a inquilinos, pero también a propietarios que son forzados a vender sus apartamentos ante el avance de la industria turística. Aunque en ejemplos de gentrificación clásica se considera que grupos medios actúan como agentes productores del proceso ya que rehabilitan casas para consumo personal, en este caso el turista es un mero consumidor que se encuentra el producto ya confeccionado para su disfrute. En otras palabras, el agente gentrificador son inversores inmobiliarios y propietarios. Por el contrario, el residente supone una barrera para la acumulación de capital y este es el principal motivo por el que se da el desplazamiento. El cualquier caso, el desplazamiento adquiere diferentes formas. En este sentido, la investigación revisa las diferentes formas de desplazamiento que han sido identificadas por la literatura y las relaciona con el crecimiento del alojamiento turístico. El estudio muestra que existe una salida de población debido a procesos de desplazamiento directo, pero también nuevos residentes no pueden acceder por la falta de vivienda asequible. En este contexto, los únicos que entran suelen ser inversores turísticos, lo que genera un círculo vicioso que reproduce el proceso con mayor intensidad

Struggling with the leisure class: tourism, gentrification and displacement

This research explores the socio-spatial impact of tourism in a central neighbourhood of Barcelona. Tourism is a significant cause of neighbourhood change in several places but research on the impact of urban tourism remains scarce. The research argues that a process of tourism gentrification is taking place. From a political economy perspective, the dissertation combines demographic analyses with ethnographic fieldwork and reveals that tourism leads to different forms of displacement. In addition, the research relates neighbourhood change driven by tourism with leisure migration. By doing so, it sheds light on understanding a growing process of transnational gentrification. By putting into conversation gentrification and tourism, the dissertation contributes to both strands of research. Firstly, it points to a geography of tourism gentrification that has been overlooked by research. This provides an alternative understanding of gentrification that differs from conceptualisations originating from the Anglo-Saxon world. Secondly, it shows why the leisure industry in cities should be understood as an example of accumulation by dispossession. In this regard, the research suggests the need to place tourism at the centre of critical urban theory. The demographic findings show (i) that lifestyle migrants represent the main group of gentrifiers in the area of the case study; and (ii) that the neighbourhood experiences a process of population flight led by the out-migration of Catalan-Spanish residents. The ethnographic fieldwork reveals that population flight results from a process of tourism-driven displacement and an unmistakable change in land use involving the conversion of residential space into a tourist district. Displacement is linked to the growth of holiday rentals and hotels as well as to daily disruptions caused by tourism. Tourism makes residential life increasingly unpleasant. The research identifies a process of place-based displacement in which the impact of tourism is experienced as a sense of expulsion from the place rather than as a process of spatial dislocation

Tourism promotion and urban space in Barcelona. Historic perspective and critical review, 1900-1936

This paper focuses on the historic connections between tourist promotion as a factor for both capital attraction and competitiveness and its influence on the urban configuration of Barcelona. Today, tourism represents a strategic value in the urban organisation of Barcelona and constitutes an excuse for the design, management and planning of the city, but the genealogy of this process has not been considered. In analysing this origin, the paper emphasises the validity of the strategies that were used at the beginning of the 20th century and makes a parallelism with the current promotion of the city. The tourist construction of Barcelona originated in the framework of the bourgeois ideology, which placed aesthetic and cultural values as a core idea of its discourse. Both the urban reconfiguration and the monumental construction of Barcelona were a prerequisite and a consequence of this promotion

Urban tourism and population change: Gentrification in the age of mobilities

The prepandemic unbridled growth of tourism has triggered a significant debate regarding the future of cities; several authors suggest that neighbourhood change produced by tourism should be conceived as a form of gentrification. Yet research on population shifts—a fundamental dimension of gentrification—in such neighbourhoods is scarce. Our exploration of the Gòtic area in Barcelona, using quantitative and qualitative techniques, reveals a process of population restructuring characterised by a decrease of long-term residents and inhabited dwellings, and the arrival of young and transnational gentrifiers that are increasingly mobile and form a transient population. We then use some insights from the mobilities literature to make sense of these results. In the gentrification of the Gòtic, the attractiveness of the area for visitors and for a wider palette of transnational dwellers feeds one another, resulting in an uneven negotiation whereby more wealthy and ‘footloose’ individuals gain access and control of space and housing over less mobile and more dependent populations.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio