3,959 research outputs found
The EPICS Software Framework Moves from Controls to Physics
The Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS), is an open-source software framework for high-performance distributed control, and is at the heart of many of the world’s large accelerators and telescopes. Recently, EPICS has undergone a major revision, with the aim of better computing supporting for the next generation of machines and analytical tools. Many new data types, such as matrices, tables, images, and statistical descriptions, plus users’ own data types, now supplement the simple scalar and waveform types of the former EPICS. New computational architectures for scientific computing have been added for high-performance data processing services and pipelining. Python and Java bindings have enabled powerful new user interfaces. The result has been that controls are now being integrated with modelling and simulation, machine learning, enterprise databases, and experiment DAQs. We introduce this new EPICS (version 7) from the perspective of accelerator physics and review early adoption cases in accelerators around the world
Effects of the Fibrolytic Enzyme Cattle-ASE?äó on Growth of Prepuberal Romosinuano Crossbred Heifers
Last updated: 6/12/200
Cosmological Constraints from calibrated Yonetoku and Amati relation implies Fundamental plane of Gamma-ray bursts
We consider two empirical relations using data only from the prompt emission
of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), peak energy () - peak luminosity ()
relation (so called Yonetoku relation) and -isotropic energy () relation (so called Amati relation). We first suggest the independence
of the two relations although they have been considered similar and dependent.
From this viewpoint, we compare constraints on cosmological parameters,
and , from the Yonetoku and Amati relations
calibrated by low-redshift GRBs with . We found that they are
different in 1- level, although they are still consistent in 2-
level. This and the fact that both Amati and Yonetoku relations have systematic
errors larger than statistical errors suggest the existence of a hidden
parameter of GRBs. We introduce the luminosity time defined by as a hidden parameter to obtain a generalized Yonetoku
relation as . The new relation has much smaller systematic
error, 30%, and can be regarded as "Fundamental plane" of GRBs. We show a
possible radiation model for this new relation. Finally we apply the new
relation for high-redshift GRBs with to obtain
, which is consistent with the
concordance cosmological model within 2- level.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, published in JCA
Directly Measured Denitrification Reveals Oyster Aquaculture and Restored Oyster Reefs Remove Nitrogen at Comparable High Rates
Coastal systems are increasingly impacted by over-enrichment of nutrients, which has cascading effects for ecosystem functioning. Oyster restoration and aquaculture are both hypothesized to mitigate excessive nitrogen (N) loads via benthic denitrification. The degree to which these management activities perform similar functions for removing N, however, has not been extensively examined in New England, a place where nutrient runoff is high and increasing oyster (Crassostrea virginica) restoration and aquaculture activity is taking place. Here, we use a novel in situ methodology to directly measure net N2 and O2 fluxes across the sediment-water interface in a shallow (~1 m) coastal pond in southern Rhode Island. We collected data seasonally during 2013 and 2014 at restored oyster reefs, oyster aquaculture, oyster cultch (shell), and bare sediment. Restored oyster reefs and aquaculture had the highest mean (±SE) denitrification rates, 581.9 (±164.2) and 346 (±168.6) μmol N2−N m−2 h−1, respectively, and are among the highest recorded for oyster-dominated environments. Denitrification rates at sites with oyster cultch were 60.9 (±44.3) μmol N2−N m−2 h−1, which is substantially less than the sites with active oysters but still more than 50% higher than denitrification rates measured in bare sediment (24.4 ± 10.1 μmol N2–N m−2 h−1). The increase in denitrification rates at treatments, however, varied by season and the greatest rates for restored reefs were in the fall. Overall, the greatest aggregate denitrification rates occurred in the fall. Sediment oxygen demand (SOD) followed similar patterns but with greater overall rates in the summer, and displayed a strong linear relationship with denitrification (R2 = 0.93). Our results demonstrate that habitats associated with live oysters have higher net denitrification rates and that oyster reef restoration and oyster aquaculture may provide similar benefits to the ecosystem in terms of N removal. However, gas fluxes may also be affected where three-dimensional structure is introduced via oyster shell cultch and this appears to be seasonally-dependent. These data will be important for managers as they incorporate oysters into nutrient reduction strategies and consider system-level trade-offs in services provided by oyster reef restoration and aquaculture activities
Directly Measured Denitrification Reveals Oyster Aquaculture and Restored Oyster Reefs Remove Nitrogen at Comparable High Rates
Coastal systems are increasingly impacted by over-enrichment of nutrients, which has cascading effects for ecosystem functioning. Oyster restoration and aquaculture are both hypothesized to mitigate excessive nitrogen (N) loads via benthic denitrification. The degree to which these management activities perform similar functions for removing N, however, has not been extensively examined in New England, a place where nutrient runoff is high and increasing oyster (Crassostrea virginica) restoration and aquaculture activity is taking place. Here, we use a novel in situ methodology to directly measure net N2 and O2 fluxes across the sediment-water interface in a shallow (~1 m) coastal pond in southern Rhode Island. We collected data seasonally during 2013 and 2014 at restored oyster reefs, oyster aquaculture, oyster cultch (shell), and bare sediment. Restored oyster reefs and aquaculture had the highest mean (±SE) denitrification rates, 581.9 (±164.2) and 346 (±168.6) μmol N2−N m−2 h−1, respectively, and are among the highest recorded for oyster-dominated environments. Denitrification rates at sites with oyster cultch were 60.9 (±44.3) μmol N2−N m−2 h−1, which is substantially less than the sites with active oysters but still more than 50% higher than denitrification rates measured in bare sediment (24.4 ± 10.1 μmol N2–N m−2 h−1). The increase in denitrification rates at treatments, however, varied by season and the greatest rates for restored reefs were in the fall. Overall, the greatest aggregate denitrification rates occurred in the fall. Sediment oxygen demand (SOD) followed similar patterns but with greater overall rates in the summer, and displayed a strong linear relationship with denitrification (R2 = 0.93). Our results demonstrate that habitats associated with live oysters have higher net denitrification rates and that oyster reef restoration and oyster aquaculture may provide similar benefits to the ecosystem in terms of N removal. However, gas fluxes may also be affected where three-dimensional structure is introduced via oyster shell cultch and this appears to be seasonally-dependent. These data will be important for managers as they incorporate oysters into nutrient reduction strategies and consider system-level trade-offs in services provided by oyster reef restoration and aquaculture activities
Boolean delay equations on networks: An application to economic damage propagation
We introduce economic models based on Boolean Delay Equations: this formalism
makes easier to take into account the complexity of the interactions between
firms and is particularly appropriate for studying the propagation of an
initial damage due to a catastrophe. Here we concentrate on simple cases, which
allow to understand the effects of multiple concurrent production paths as well
as the presence of stochasticity in the path time lengths or in the network
structure.
In absence of flexibility, the shortening of production of a single firm in
an isolated network with multiple connections usually ends up by attaining a
finite fraction of the firms or the whole economy, whereas the interactions
with the outside allow a partial recovering of the activity, giving rise to
periodic solutions with waves of damage which propagate across the structure.
The damage propagation speed is strongly dependent upon the topology. The
existence of multiple concurrent production paths does not necessarily imply a
slowing down of the propagation, which can be as fast as the shortest path.Comment: Latex, 52 pages with 22 eps figure
Quarkonium Suppression
I discuss quarkonium suppression in equilibriated strongly interacting
matter. After a brief review of basic features of quarkonium production I
discuss the application of recent lattice data on the heavy quark potential to
the problem of quarkonium dissociation as well as the problem of direct lattice
determination of quarkonium properties in finite temperature lattice QCD.Comment: Invited plenary talk presented on 4th International Conference on
Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma (ICPAQGP-2001), November
26-30, 2001, Jaipur; 12 pp, LaTeX, uses pramana.st
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