A new explanation for the conflict between constructivist and objectivist grounded theory

The purpose of this article is to produce a new explanation for the conflict between constructivist grounded theory and objectivist grounded theory. Grounded theory (GT) has drawn much attention because it enables qualitative researchers to produce theoretical explanations about what is going on. Since Glaser and Strauss invented the term "grounded theory," there have been debates about what grounded theory is and what are its components. In this article, epistemological, ontological, and methodological beliefs about constructivist and objectivist grounded theory are explained and compared, and definitional analytical aspects of the two approaches are addressed by emphasizing their paradigmatic roots. As a result, it was concluded that objectivistic grounded theory is an agreement between positivism and the naturalistic approach advocating that researchers can be value laden but must stay as objective as possible. On the other hand, it is proposed that constructivist grounded theory is a value-laden logical operation in producing theoretical explanations

Is procedural knowledge of recycling correlated with socioeconomic status and residential area?

Aim of the present research is to reveal correlation between procedural knowledge of recycling and socioeconomic status of the primary school children. The present research was designed in correlational research, one of the quantitative research tradition. Data were analyzed through SpearmanBrown Rank Order and multiple regression. Results of the data analysis indicated that procedural knowledge of recycling is positively correlated with maternal education, maternal employment, and residential area rather than paternal education and paternal employment. Regression model strongly fitted into observed data. Regression model also revealed that maternal education, maternal employment and residential area can predict procedural knowledge of recycling among primary school children. Results of the study were discussed along with social learning theory, social capital and relevant literature

An ınvestigation on the relationship between maternal education level, maternal employment, and emotional intelligence performance of 10 years old children

The present study seeks out investigating the relationship between mothers’ level of education, maternal employment and emotional intelligence performance of children who are at the age of 10. Emotional intelligence is described as construct including self-awareness, self-management, motivation, social skills, and empathy. Emotional intelligence is perceived as inseparable part of education process. The present study was designed in correlational research. Sample of the study consisted of 221 children. Data were collected through the Ten Years Emotional Intelligence Scale (TYEIS). Data were analysed through Spearman-Brown Rank Correlation and regression analysis. As a result of the study it was concluded that the higher level of education mothers has, the more their children have emotional intelligence performance; there is negatively low level correlation between maternal employment and emotional intelligence performance of their children. Results of the study were dealt with and discussed in accordance with mother-child interaction and emotional intelligence development of childre

Investigation Self Efficacy of Fine-Arts Teachers According to Different Variables

Purpose of the present study is to investigate self-efficacy of fine arts teachers according to different variables. The present study was designed in correlational research. 230 fine arts teachers were included through convenience sampling. The data were collected through the FATSES developed by Kayserili, Coskun, amp%253B Coskun (2017). The data were analysed through Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, Mann-Whitney-U Test, and Kruskal Wallis Test. As a result of the data analysis, it was found that fine-arts teaching self-efficacy does not vary according to marital status and gender variables, but there is a significant difference in terms of years of experience. The Fine-arts teachers with over 21 years of experience scores are significantly higher than the fine arts teachers whose years of experience are lower than 21 years. Research findings were addressed social-cognitive theory and professional life cycle of Huberman (1989). In addition to that it was concluded that marriage does not lead to decrease in self-efficacy of married fine-arts teachers and teaching fine-arts is not gendered profession

What happens during teacher-student ınteraction in the first year of primary school? A new explanation

The present research aims to develop a theory on teacher–student interaction in the first year of primary school period. The present research was designed in grounded theory research which is one of the qualitative research traditions. A total of 18 primary school children started the first year of primary school. Data were collected through participant observation. Participant observation was launched after all necessary ethical permissions were taken from local education authority, the participant children, their teacher, and parents. Data were analyzed through constant comparison within three stages as open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. It was reported that the teacher and the first graders mutually developed strategies and there were several circumstances in the interaction that nested behavioral problem

The survey on Near Field Communication

PubMed ID: 26057043Near Field Communication (NFC) is an emerging short-range wireless communication technology that offers great and varied promise in services such as payment, ticketing, gaming, crowd sourcing, voting, navigation, and many others. NFC technology enables the integration of services from a wide range of applications into one single smartphone. NFC technology has emerged recently, and consequently not much academic data are available yet, although the number of academic research studies carried out in the past two years has already surpassed the total number of the prior works combined. This paper presents the concept of NFC technology in a holistic approach from different perspectives, including hardware improvement and optimization, communication essentials and standards, applications, secure elements, privacy and security, usability analysis, and ecosystem and business issues. Further research opportunities in terms of the academic and business points of view are also explored and discussed at the end of each section. This comprehensive survey will be a valuable guide for researchers and academicians, as well as for business in the NFC technology and ecosystem.Publisher's Versio

Near Field Communication: From theory to practice

This book provides the technical essentials, state-of-the-art knowledge, business ecosystem and standards of Near Field Communication (NFC)by NFC Lab - Istanbul research centre which conducts intense research on NFC technology. In this book, the authors present the contemporary research on all aspects of NFC, addressing related security aspects as well as information on various business models. In addition, the book provides comprehensive information a designer needs to design an NFC project, an analyzer needs to analyze requirements of a new NFC based system, and a programmer needs to implement an application. Furthermore, the authors introduce the technical and administrative issues related to NFC technology, standards, and global stakeholders. It also offers comprehensive information as well as use case studies for each NFC operating mode to give the usage idea behind each operating mode thoroughly. Examples of NFC application development are provided using Java technology, and security considerations are discussed in detail. Key Features: Offers a complete understanding of the NFC technology, including standards, technical essentials, operating modes, application development with Java, security and privacy, business ecosystem analysis Provides analysis, design as well as development guidance for professionals from administrative and technical perspectives Discusses methods, techniques and modelling support including UML are demonstrated with real cases Contains case studies such as payment, ticketing, social networking and remote shopping This book will be an invaluable guide for business and ecosystem analysts, project managers, mobile commerce consultants, system and application developers, mobile developers and practitioners. It will also be of interest to researchers, software engineers, computer scientists, information technology specialists including students and graduates.Publisher's Versio

A tokenization-based communication architecture for HCE-Enabled NFC services

Following the announcement of Host Card Emulation (HCE) technology, card emulation mode based Near Field Communication (NFC) services have gained further appreciation as an enabler of the Cloud-based Secure Element (SE) concept. A comprehensive and complete architecture with a centralized and feasible business model for diverse HCE-based NFC services will be highly appreciated, particularly by Service Providers and users. To satisfy the need in this new emerging research area, a Tokenization-based communication architecture for HCE-based NFC services is presented in this paper. Our architecture proposes Two-Phased Tokenization to enable the identity management of both user and Service Provider. NFC Smartphone users can store, manage, and make use of their sensitive data on the Cloud for NFC services; Service Providers can also provide diverse card emulation NFC services easily through the proposed architecture. In this paper, we initially present the Two-Phased Tokenization model and then validate the proposed architecture by providing a case study on access control. We further evaluate the usability aspect in terms of an authentication scheme. We then discuss the ecosystem and business model comprised of the proposed architecture and emphasize the contributions to ecosystem actors. Finally, suggestions are provided for data protection in transit and at rest.This work is funded by KocSistem Information and Communication Services Inc. and Turkish Ministry of Science, Industry and Technology under SAN-TEZ Project no. 0726.STZ.2014Publisher's Versio

Fine arts teaching self-effıcacy scale: validity and reliability study

Bu çalışma, görsel sanatlar öğretmenlerinin görsel sanatlar öğretimi öz-yeterliliğini ölçmede geçerli ve güvenilir sonuçlar verebilecek ölçme aracı geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Görsel sanatlar öğretmenlerinin öğretim performanslarını mesleki bilgilerinin yanı sıra duyuşsal ve motivasyonel süreçler de etkiler. Bu duyuşsal ve motivasyonel süreçlerden bir tanesi de öz-yeterliliktir. Öz-yeterlilik, bireyin gelecektik belli bir iş veya görevde ne kadar iyi performans sergileyebileceğine ilişkin öz-algılaması, öz-inancı olarak tanımlanabilir. Çalışma örneklemini uygun örneklem yolu ile ulaşılabilen 212 görsel sanatlar öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Görsel Sanatlar Öğretimi Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeğinin faktör yapısı ve sayısını belirlemek amacıyla Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) yapılmış ve üç faktörlü bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Birinci faktör Hazırlayıcı ve Uygulamalı Süreçlere Yönelik Öz-Yeterlilik, ikinci faktör Öğretim Sürecine Yönelik Öz-Yeterlilik, üçüncü faktör ise Farklılıklara Karşı ÖzYeterlilik olarak adlandırılmıştır. Üç faktörlü yapının Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlılık katsayısı .93 olarak tespit edilmiştir.Elde edilen üç faktörlü yapının model uyumunu tespit etmek amacıyla DFA yapılmıştır. DFA sonucunda elde edilen üç faktörlü yapının kabul edilebilir düzeyde model uyumuna sahip olduğunu göstermiştir (CFI= .97, GFI= .90, TLI=.96, NNFI=.94, IFI=.97, RMSEA= .07). Güvenirlik analizi iç tutarlılık katsayısına bağlı olarak yapılmış Görsel Sanatlar Öğretimi Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeğinin Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlılık katsayısı .93 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlara dayalı olarak Görsel Sanatlar Öğretimi Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeğinin görsel sanatlar öğretmenlerinin öz-yeterliliğini geçerli ve güvenilir olarak ölçebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Purpose of the present study is to develop an instrument which will produce valid and reliable results in measuring self-efficacy of fine arts teachers. Affective and motivational processes influence performance of fine arts teachers as much as professional knowledge of the fine arts teacher. Self-efficacy is one of those processes. Self-efficacy is described as self-perceptions or self-beliefs on how well the individual will perform the specif task or work. Sample of the study consist of 212 fine arts teachers. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted to determine how many factors the Fine Art Teaching Self-Efficacy Scale includes and construct with three factors was revealed. Those factors were named as Self-Efficacy for Preparatory and Practical Process, Self-Efficacy on Instructional Process, Self-Efficacy for Diversity. Overall Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient of the scale was determined as .93. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was carried out in order to examine how well the construct with three factors fit into the data. Results of the CFA indicated that the construct with three factors fits into the data moderately (CFI= .97, GFI= .90, TLI=.96, NNFI=.94, IFI=.97, RMSEA= .07). Reliability analysis was conducted through internal consistency coefficient. As a result of the reliability analysis Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the Fine Art Teaching Self-Efficacy Scale was found as .93. Based on results of the study it was concluded that Fine Art Teaching Self-Efficacy Scale can measure validly and reliably self-efficacy of fine art teachers

NFC internal: An indoor navigation system

PubMed ID: 25825976Indoor navigation systems have recently become a popular research field due to the lack of GPS signals indoors. Several indoors navigation systems have already been proposed in order to eliminate deficiencies; however each of them has several technical and usability limitations. In this study, we propose NFC Internal, a Near Field Communication (NFC)-based indoor navigation system, which enables users to navigate through a building or a complex by enabling a simple location update, simply by touching NFC tags those are spread around and orient users to the destination. In this paper, we initially present the system requirements, give the design details and study the viability of NFC Internal with a prototype application and a case study. Moreover, we evaluate the performance of the system and compare it with existing indoor navigation systems. It is seen that NFC Internal has considerable advantages and significant contributions to existing indoor navigation systems in terms of security and privacy, cost, performance, robustness, complexity, user preference and commercial availability.Publisher's Versio