The Implementation of Labor Development Principles According to Job Creation Law as a Reason to Protect Wages Rights

Wage is a fundamental right of labor. Since the passage of the Job Creation Law, the wage policy has changed. In order to aid national development, the wage is ruled to be distributed following the principle of job creation. Instead of bringing peace, that change has led to public criticism towards the Job Creation Law, which is deemed to injure labor rights. This study aims to analyze the legal protection and the implementation of labor development principles in the Job Creation Law. This study is normative legal research and applies a juridical approach. The primary data were obtained from the regulation analysis, while the secondary data were collected from a literature review regarding wage rights. This research reveals that the legal protection of wages in the new regulation is not far better than the previous law. The wage policies initially stipulated explicitly in the Labor Law were revoked from the Job Creation Law, where the labor principles are not applied. By the protection not better than that of the former regulation, it is implausible to improve the welfare of workers and their family members

Strange matter in compact stars

We discuss possible scenarios for the existence of strange matter in compact stars. The appearance of hyperons leads to a hyperon puzzle in ab-initio approaches based on effective baryon-baryon potentials but is not a severe problem in relativistic mean field models. In general, the puzzle can be resolved in a natural way if hadronic matter gets stiffened at supersaturation densities, an effect based on the quark Pauli quenching between hadrons. We explain the conflict between the necessity to implement dynamical chiral symmetry breaking into a model description and the conditions for the appearance of absolutely stable strange quark matter that require both, approximately masslessness of quarks and a mechanism of confinement. The role of strangeness in compact stars (hadronic or quark matter realizations) remains unsettled. It is not excluded that strangeness plays no role in compact stars at all. To answer the question whether the case of absolutely stable strange quark matter can be excluded on theoretical grounds requires an understanding of dense matter that we have not yet reached

Gluons and the quark sea at high energies: distributions, polarization, tomography

This report is based on a ten-week program on "Gluons and the quark sea at high-energies", which took place at the Institute for Nuclear Theory in Seattle in Fall 2010. The principal aim of the program was to develop and sharpen the science case for an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), a facility that will be able to collide electrons and positrons with polarized protons and with light to heavy nuclei at high energies, offering unprecedented possibilities for in-depth studies of quantum chromodynamics. This report is organized around four major themes: i) the spin and flavor structure of the proton, ii) three-dimensional structure of nucleons and nuclei in momentum and configuration space, iii) QCD matter in nuclei, and iv) Electroweak physics and the search for physics beyond the Standard Model. Beginning with an executive summary, the report contains tables of key measurements, chapter overviews for each of the major scientific themes, and detailed individual contributions on various aspects of the scientific opportunities presented by an EIC.Comment: 547 pages, A report on the joint BNL/INT/Jlab program on the science case for an Electron-Ion Collider, September 13 to November 19, 2010, Institute for Nuclear Theory, Seattle; v2 with minor changes, matches printed versio

Performance comparison of two PCM candidates for new concept of compact thermal storage in solar DHW systems

International audienceThe latent heat of phase change allows to increase the energy density compared tosensible storage. In the building sector, it is possible to replace hot water tanks that arebulky due to their cylindrical shape, by smaller storage volume and parallelepipedgeometry. The idea of the new concept is thus to propose a hybrid and modularstorage component with a cavity containing the phase change material (PCM)delimited by two flat heat exchangers connected by slotted fins. The first step was toprecisely characterize the behavior of the two selected PCMs during melting andsolidification, without and with supercooling (respectively RT58 and PEG6000). Thenext step concerns the modeling of the storage cavity and then the optimization of thenew full-size concept for solar domestic hot water systems. A prototype wasexperimentally tested for the two PCMs under real operating conditions with a reducedsequence of six days allowing the annual performance to be calculated.The experimental results confirm the known limit of PCM concerning its low thermalconductivity, which can penalize the power extracted from the storage duringcontinuous withdrawals. The spacing of the fins thus plays a major role in heat transfer.The evaluation of the annual performances carried out on the prototype shows that thesolar fraction is quite satisfactory, between 40 and 90% depending on the climate inFrance. The distribution of average temperatures observed within the PCM is directlycorrelated with the melting ranges. The RT58 is thus penalized compared to thePEG6000 because the start of the melting takes place at a much lower level (30°Cagainst 52°C), which can lead to more frequent use of back-up. Regarding heatstorage, the much lower density of the RT58 explains the difference in energy stored inthe prototype (+34% for the PEG6000 between 20 and 80°C) knowing that the latentheat and the specific heat are of the same order of magnitude in both cases. Finally,the higher thermal conductivity of PEG6000 favors the heat rate exchanged during thestorage charging and discharging phases