The Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit: a consolidated design for the system requirement review of the preliminary definition phase

Instrumentatio

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Relations entre dépression et troubles cognitifs []

Zusammenfassung. Depressionen, leichte kognitive Störungen und Demenzen sind besonders bei älteren Menschen häufig assoziiert. Ähnliche neuropathologische Mechanismen scheinen diesen Zusammenhang und die gegenseitigen Einflüsse mindestens teilweise zu erklären. Wir schlagen hier eine Kurzreview der Rolle der Depression als Risikofaktor, Prodrom oder Folge der kognitiven Störungen vor und skizzieren kurz mögliche Behandlungsansätze. </jats:p

Utilisation de la kétamine en psychiatrie : mise à jour [Use of ketamine in psychiatry: an update]

Ketamine has demonstrated at a lower dose a robust and rapid antidepressant effect due to a mechanism of action different from conventional treatments. It is now included in several international recommendations on treatment-resistant depression. Ketamine may be used in both out- or in-patient settings, generally by way of intravenous or intranasal formulations provided the fulfillment of safety requirements. There is a growing interest in the use of ketamine for other resistant psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and substance use disorders. Ketamine proves an innovating and promising treatment that extends the range of therapeutic possibilities in psychiatry. We propose here to review its current clinical use

Atypical association of semantic dementia, corticobasal syndrome, and 4R tauopathy.

A 57-year-old male with no family history was diagnosed with semantic dementia. He also showed some unusual cognitive features such as episodic memory and executive dysfunctions, spatial disorientation, and dyscalculia. Rapidly progressive cognitive and physical decline occurred. About 1.5 years later, he developed clinical features of a corticobasal syndrome. He died at the age of 60. Brain autopsy revealed numerous 4R-tau-positive lesions in the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes, basal ganglia, and brainstem. Neuronal loss was severe in the temporal cortex. Such association of semantic dementia with tauopathy and corticobasal syndrome is highly unusual. These findings are discussed in the light of current knowledge about frontotemporal lobar degeneration

A Split-Step PSO Algorithm in Prediction of Water Quality Pollution

In order to allow the key stakeholders to have more float time to take appropriate precautionary and preventive measures, an accurate prediction of water quality pollution is very significant. Since a variety of existing water quality models involve exogenous input and different assumptions, artificial neural networks have the potential to be a cost-effective solution. This paper presents the application of a split-step particle swarm optimization (PSO) model for training perceptrons to forecast real-time algal bloom dynamics in Tolo Harbour of Hong Kong. The advantages of global search capability of PSO algorithm in the first step and local fast convergence of Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm in the second step are combined together. The results demonstrate that, when compared with the benchmark backward propagation algorithm and the usual PSO algorithm, it attains a higher accuracy in a much shorter time.Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringAuthor name used in this publication: Kwokwing Cha

Therapies for obsessive-compulsive disorder: Current state of the art and perspectives for approaching treatment-resistant patients.

Even though obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the ten most disabling diseases according to the WHO, only 30-40% of patients suffering from OCD seek specialized treatment. The currently available psychotherapeutic and pharmacological approaches, when properly applied, prove ineffective in about 10% of cases. The use of neuromodulation techniques, especially Deep Brain Stimulation, is highly promising for these clinical pictures and knowledge in this domain is constantly evolving. The aim of this paper is to provide a summary of the current knowledge about OCD treatment, while also discussing the more recent proposals for defining resistance