Performance, carcass characteristics and non-carcass components of Texel ? Santa In?s lambs fed fat sources and monensin

Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu?ria de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)Performance, carcass, non-carcass and commercial cuts and components of Texel ? Santa In?s crossbred lambs, managed in confinement and fed diets based on soybean oil, soybeans and a conventional diet, with or without the use of monensin (78 ppm dry matter basis) were evaluated. Thirty-six Texel ? Santa In?s lambs (18 males and 18 females) were managed in intensive systems. Animals were slaughtered after 87 days of confinement, and performance, carcass characteristics, weight and percentages of carcass and non-carcass components were evaluated. The animals fed the control diet had heavier carcass and parts than animals fed soybean, while the oil diet did not differ from the controls in most parameters. The animals fed soybean showed lower intake kg dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and metabolizable energy (ME) compared with animals fed the control diet, increased ether extract (EE) intake in kg, % body weight (BW) and metabolic weight (MW) and did not differ from the soybean oil diet. Animals receiving monensin had lower DM intake, OM, CP, EE, NDF, gross energy (GE) regardless of the expression, % kg BW, or % PM, than the animals that did not receive the additive. Males produced better and had heavier cuts than the females; the latter deposited subcutaneous fat earlier. Animals that received oil or soybean showed greater body weight and small intestine percentage. Soybean oil intake did not improve performance, carcass weights or parts of Santa Ines ? Texel lambs in confinement. Soybeans at 15% dry matter reduced energy intake and lamb performance. The use of monensin at 78 ppm on a dry matter basis is not recommended for lambs in confinement, especially if associated with oil or soybeans that may harm animal performance

Performance of Brachiaria decumbens submit fertilization in silvopastoral systems.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz ([email protected]) on 2015-10-26T14:09:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 clenardo_macedo_lopes.pdf: 725131 bytes, checksum: b7efeb217c5f5332382c5a87d9113ad1 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz ([email protected]) on 2015-10-26T14:10:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 clenardo_macedo_lopes.pdf: 725131 bytes, checksum: b7efeb217c5f5332382c5a87d9113ad1 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-26T14:10:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 clenardo_macedo_lopes.pdf: 725131 bytes, checksum: b7efeb217c5f5332382c5a87d9113ad1 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)Em sistemas silvipastoris, as respostas do pasto ? fertiliza??o podem ser afetadas pelo componente arb?reo, tanto pelo efeito do sombreamento, quanto pela competi??o entre o pasto e as ?rvores pelos nutrientes do solo. Este trabalho teve como prop?sito avaliar caracter?sticas morfofisiol?gicas e o valor nutritivo da Brachiaria decumbens em tr?s ambientes em termos de radia??o solar recebida pelo pasto (radia??o solar plena, sombreamento moderado e sombreamento intenso), na presen?a ou aus?ncia de fertiliza??o, durante a ?poca chuvosa do ano. Foi realizado no Campo Experimental Jos? Henrique Bruschi, pertencente ? Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu?ria (Embrapa) - Gado de Leite, no munic?pio de Coronel Pacheco - MG, entre novembro 2010 e mar?o de 2011, num sistema silvipastoril instalado em novembro de 1997. Os tratamentos foram dispostos com uso do delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 3x2 e consistiram de tr?s ambientes em termos de irradi?ncia recebida pelo pasto (sol pleno, sombreamento intermedi?rio, caracterizado pela redu??o de 20% da Radia??o Fotossinteticamente Ativa (RFA), e sombreamento intenso, caracterizado pela redu??o de 70% da RFA). Em cada uma das condi??es de radia??o, as plantas foram cultivadas na presen?a ou aus?ncia de fertiliza??o do solo, durante quatro ciclos de crescimento, com quatro repeti??es. A condi??o de sol pleno foi obtida em uma pastagem de B. decumbens estabelecida em ?rea cont?gua ao sistema silvipastoril, enquanto as condi??es de sombra foram obtidas dentro do sistema silvipastoril, entre 8 e 12m de dist?ncia do renque arborizado (20% de sombra) e sob a copa das ?rvores (70% de sombra). As unidades experimentais apresentavam ?rea igual a 20m2. Apesar da B. decumbens ser considerada de modo geral moderadamente tolerante ao sombreamento, a diminui??o da intensidade luminosa provoca redu??o na produtividade das plantas, uma vez que a sombra traz limita??es ? sua atividade fotossint?tica. Em condi??es de sombreamento moderado aliado ao uso de fertiliza??o a n?veis considerados baixos, a B. decumbens pode continuar a crescer em n?veis satisfat?rios. A resposta ? fertiliza??o ? muito variada, fortemente influenciada pelo grau de sombreamento, havendo necessidade de mais estudos para melhor esclarecimento quando ? toler?ncia ao sombreamento e sua resposta ? fertiliza??o.Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012.ABSTRACT In silvopastoral systems, the responses of the pasture to fertilization may be affected by tree component, both the effect of shading, as the competition between the grass and trees for soil nutrients. This study aimed to assess morphological and physiological characteristics and nutritive value of Brachiaria decumbens in three environments in terms of solar radiation received by the pasture (full solar radiation, moderate and severe shadowing shadowing) in the presence or absence of fertilization, during the rainy season years, was conducted in the Experimental Jos? Henrique Bruschi, Embrapa Dairy Cattle, located in the city of Coronel Pacheco - MG, from November 2010 and March 2011, in a silvopastoral system installed in November 1997. Treatments were applied using the randomized block design in a 3x2 factorial arrangement and consisted of three rooms in terms of irradiance received by pasture (full sun, shade between, characterized by a reduction of 20% of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and shading intense, characterized by reduction of 70% PAR. In each of the light radiation, the plants were cultured in the presence or absence of fertilization of soil for four cycles of growth, with four replications. condition was achieved in full sunlight a pasture of B. decumbens established in an area contiguous to the silvopastoral system, while the shade conditions were obtained in the silvopastoral system, between 8 and 12 m from the hedgerow trees (20% shade) and under the canopy (70 % shade). experimental units had an area equal to 20 m2. B. decumbens Although generally considered to be tolerant to moderately shading, the decrease in light intensity causes a reduction in productivity of plants, since the shade has limitations in the photosynthetic activity. Under conditions of moderate shade combined with the use of fertilization at levels considered low, the B. decumbens can continue to grow at satisfactory levels. Fertilization response is varied, strongly influenced by the degree of shading. If there is need for more studies to better clarify when the shade tolerance and its response to fertilization

Performance of Brachiaria decumbens submit fertilization in silvopastoral systems.

Em sistemas silvipastoris, as respostas do pasto ? fertiliza??o podem ser afetadas pelo componente arb?reo, tanto pelo efeito do sombreamento, quanto pela competi??o entre o pasto e as ?rvores pelos nutrientes do solo. Este trabalho teve como prop?sito avaliar caracter?sticas morfofisiol?gicas e o valor nutritivo da Brachiaria decumbens em tr?s ambientes em termos de radia??o solar recebida pelo pasto (radia??o solar plena, sombreamento moderado e sombreamento intenso), na presen?a ou aus?ncia de fertiliza??o, durante a ?poca chuvosa do ano. Foi realizado no Campo Experimental Jos? Henrique Bruschi, pertencente ? Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu?ria (Embrapa) - Gado de Leite, no munic?pio de Coronel Pacheco - MG, entre novembro 2010 e mar?o de 2011, num sistema silvipastoril instalado em novembro de 1997. Os tratamentos foram dispostos com uso do delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 3x2 e consistiram de tr?s ambientes em termos de irradi?ncia recebida pelo pasto (sol pleno, sombreamento intermedi?rio, caracterizado pela redu??o de 20% da Radia??o Fotossinteticamente Ativa (RFA), e sombreamento intenso, caracterizado pela redu??o de 70% da RFA). Em cada uma das condi??es de radia??o, as plantas foram cultivadas na presen?a ou aus?ncia de fertiliza??o do solo, durante quatro ciclos de crescimento, com quatro repeti??es. A condi??o de sol pleno foi obtida em uma pastagem de B. decumbens estabelecida em ?rea cont?gua ao sistema silvipastoril, enquanto as condi??es de sombra foram obtidas dentro do sistema silvipastoril, entre 8 e 12m de dist?ncia do renque arborizado (20% de sombra) e sob a copa das ?rvores (70% de sombra). As unidades experimentais apresentavam ?rea igual a 20m2. Apesar da B. decumbens ser considerada de modo geral moderadamente tolerante ao sombreamento, a diminui??o da intensidade luminosa provoca redu??o na produtividade das plantas, uma vez que a sombra traz limita??es ? sua atividade fotossint?tica. Em condi??es de sombreamento moderado aliado ao uso de fertiliza??o a n?veis considerados baixos, a B. decumbens pode continuar a crescer em n?veis satisfat?rios. A resposta ? fertiliza??o ? muito variada, fortemente influenciada pelo grau de sombreamento, havendo necessidade de mais estudos para melhor esclarecimento quando ? toler?ncia ao sombreamento e sua resposta ? fertiliza??o.Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012.ABSTRACT In silvopastoral systems, the responses of the pasture to fertilization may be affected by tree component, both the effect of shading, as the competition between the grass and trees for soil nutrients. This study aimed to assess morphological and physiological characteristics and nutritive value of Brachiaria decumbens in three environments in terms of solar radiation received by the pasture (full solar radiation, moderate and severe shadowing shadowing) in the presence or absence of fertilization, during the rainy season years, was conducted in the Experimental Jos? Henrique Bruschi, Embrapa Dairy Cattle, located in the city of Coronel Pacheco - MG, from November 2010 and March 2011, in a silvopastoral system installed in November 1997. Treatments were applied using the randomized block design in a 3x2 factorial arrangement and consisted of three rooms in terms of irradiance received by pasture (full sun, shade between, characterized by a reduction of 20% of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and shading intense, characterized by reduction of 70% PAR. In each of the light radiation, the plants were cultured in the presence or absence of fertilization of soil for four cycles of growth, with four replications. condition was achieved in full sunlight a pasture of B. decumbens established in an area contiguous to the silvopastoral system, while the shade conditions were obtained in the silvopastoral system, between 8 and 12 m from the hedgerow trees (20% shade) and under the canopy (70 % shade). experimental units had an area equal to 20 m2. B. decumbens Although generally considered to be tolerant to moderately shading, the decrease in light intensity causes a reduction in productivity of plants, since the shade has limitations in the photosynthetic activity. Under conditions of moderate shade combined with the use of fertilization at levels considered low, the B. decumbens can continue to grow at satisfactory levels. Fertilization response is varied, strongly influenced by the degree of shading. If there is need for more studies to better clarify when the shade tolerance and its response to fertilization

Performance, carcass characteristics and non-carcass components of Texel × Santa Ines lambs fed fat sources and monensin

Performance, carcass, non-carcass and commercial cuts and components of Texel × Santa Inês crossbred lambs, managed in confinement and fed diets based on soybean oil, soybeans and a conventional diet, with or without the use of monensin (78 ppm dry matter basis) were evaluated. Thirty-six Texel × Santa Inês lambs (18 males and 18 females) were managed in intensive systems. Animals were slaughtered after 87 days of confinement, and performance, carcass characteristics, weight and percentages of carcass and non-carcass components were evaluated. The animals fed the control diet had heavier carcass and parts than animals fed soybean, while the oil diet did not differ from the controls in most parameters. The animals fed soybean showed lower intake kg dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and metabolizable energy (ME) compared with animals fed the control diet, increased ether extract (EE) intake in kg, % body weight (BW) and metabolic weight (MW) and did not differ from the soybean oil diet. Animals receiving monensin had lower DM intake, OM, CP, EE, NDF, gross energy (GE) regardless of the expression, % kg BW, or % PM, than the animals that did not receive the additive. Males produced better and had heavier cuts than the females; the latter deposited subcutaneous fat earlier. Animals that received oil or soybean showed greater body weight and small intestine percentage. Soybean oil intake did not improve performance, carcass weights or parts of Santa Ines × Texel lambs in confinement. Soybeans at 15% dry matter reduced energy intake and lamb performance. The use of monensin at 78 ppm on a dry matter basis is not recommended for lambs in confinement, especially if associated with oil or soybeans that may harm animal performance

Plant morphology and herbage accumulation of signal grass with or without fertilization, under different light regimes

ABSTRACT: The silvopastoral system has been suggested as an alternative to recover degraded pastures in tropical regions. However, trees reduce the light available for pastures, which may affect the growth and herbage accumulation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphogenesis, canopy structure and herbage accumulation of signalgrass ( Brachiaria decumbens ) subjected to three light regimes (0, 20 and 70% of natural shading) and two fertilization levels (presence or absence of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium). Leaf and stem elongation rates increased under shading but did not vary with fertilization. The leaf appearance rate was greater under fertilizer treatment but was generally similar among light regimes. The tiller density was greater in full sun and lower in intense shading. Tiller density responded to fertilization under full sun and moderate shading. Herbage accumulation increased by 42% with fertilization under full sun, 12% under moderate shading and did not vary under intense shading. Results showed that even under fertilization the herbage accumulation was limited by reduced light. However, under moderate shade the fertilization was important to raise tiller population over the growth cycles