6,152 research outputs found
Gas diffusion liquid storage bag and method of use for storing blood
The shelf life of stored whole blood may be doubled by adding a buffer which maintains a desired pH level. However, this buffer causes the generation of CO2 which, if not removed at a controlled rate, causes the pH value of the blood to decrease, which shortens the useful life of the blood. A blood storage bag is described which permits the CO2 to be diffused out at a controlled rate into the atmosphere, thereby maintaining the desired pH value and providing a bag strong enough to permit handling
The Role of Organic Peroxides in the Induction of Mutations
The discovery by Wyss, Stone, and Clark' that bacteria grown on a substrate recently exposed to ultra-violet light are subject to high mutation rates shows clearly that some meta-stable chemical substance, probably of no great complexity, is an intermediate in at least a part of the mutagenic action of ultra-violet light. It was supposed that hydrogen peroxide might be responsible for these results, but subsequent work has shown that this cannot be the whole explanation. [2] However, organic peroxides are known to be formed by the action of ultra-violet light on many compounds and such peroxides might very well be the intermediate agents producing the substrate irradiation effect
Polymers for spacecraft hardware - Materials characterization, part I Interim report, Mar. - Dec. 1966
Environmental testing of polymeric materials for spacecraft hardwar
Dissipation in a rotating frame: master equation, effective temperature and Lamb-shift
Motivated by recent realizations of microwave-driven nonlinear resonators in
superconducting circuits, the impact of environmental degrees of freedom is
analyzed as seen from a rotating frame. A system plus reservoir model is
applied to consistently derive in the weak coupling limit the master equation
for the reduced density in the moving frame and near the first bifurcation
threshold. It turns out that additional interactions between momenta of system
and bath appear which have been omitted in previous studies. Explicit
expressions for the effective temperature and the Lamb-shift are given which
for ohmic baths are in agreement with experimental findings, while for
structured environments population inversion is predicted that may
qualitatively explain recent observations.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
Noise-enabled precision measurements of a Duffing nanomechanical resonator
We report quantitative experimental measurements of the nonlinear response of
a radiofrequency mechanical resonator, with very high quality factor, driven by
a large swept-frequency force. We directly measure the noise-free transition
dynamics between the two basins of attraction that appear in the nonlinear
regime, and find good agreement with those predicted by the one-dimensional
Duffing equation of motion. We then measure the response of the transition
rates to controlled levels of white noise, and extract the activation energy
from each basin. The measurements of the noise-induced transitions allow us to
obtain precise values for the critical frequencies, the natural resonance
frequency, and the cubic nonlinear parameter in the Duffing oscillator, with
direct applications to high sensitivity parametric sensors based on these
resonators.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Nonlinear modal interactions in clamped-clamped mechanical resonators
A theoretical and experimental investigation is presented on the intermodal
coupling between the flexural vibration modes of a single clamped-clamped beam.
Nonlinear coupling allows an arbitrary flexural mode to be used as a
self-detector for the amplitude of another mode, presenting a method to measure
the energy stored in a specific resonance mode. Experimentally observed complex
nonlinear dynamics of the coupled modes are quantitatively captured by a model
which couples the modes via the beam extension; the same mechanism is
responsible for the well-known Duffing nonlinearity in clamped-clamped beams.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Parametric resonances in electrostatically interacting carbon nanotube arrays
We study, numerically and analytically, a model of a one-dimensional array of
carbon nanotube resonators in a two-terminal configuration. The system is
brought into resonance upon application of an AC-signal superimposed on a
DC-bias voltage. When the tubes in the array are close to each other,
electrostatic interactions between tubes become important for the array
dynamics. We show that both transverse and longitudinal parametric resonances
can be excited in addition to primary resonances. The intertube electrostatic
interactions couple modes in orthogonal directions and affect the mode
stability.Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures, RevTeX
Discrete solitons in electromechanical resonators
We consider a parametrically driven Klein--Gordon system describing micro-
and nano-devices, with integrated electrical and mechanical functionality.
Using a multiscale expansion method we reduce the system to a discrete
nonlinear Schrodinger equation. Analytical and numerical calculations are
performed to determine the existence and stability of fundamental bright and
dark discrete solitons admitted by the Klein--Gordon system through the
discrete Schrodinger equation. We show that a parametric driving can not only
destabilize onsite bright solitons, but also stabilize intersite bright
discrete solitons and onsite and intersite dark solitons. Most importantly, we
show that there is a range of values of the driving coefficient for which dark
solitons are stable, for any value of the coupling constant, i.e. oscillatory
instabilities are totally suppressed. Stability windows of all the fundamental
solitons are presented and approximations to the onset of instability are
derived using perturbation theory, with accompanying numerical results.
Numerical integrations of the Klein--Gordon equation are performed, confirming
the relevance of our analysis
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