Cu e Zn em frações físicas de solos de vinhedos no Sul do Brasil

4 páginas.- 1 figura.- 4 tablas.- 9 referencias.- Descripcipon del Póster nº 30 presentado en el IX Congresso Ibérico das Ciências do Solo (CICS 2022) “O solo, recurso estratégico para uma sociedade sustentável” 22 a 24 de junho de 2022[EN]: The cultivation of vines in regions with high rainfall, as in southern Brazil, involves the use of fungicides to control foliar fungal diseases. These fungicides normally contain copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in their composition, promoting the accumulation of these metals in the soil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the distribution of Cu and Zn in the granulometric physical fractions in soils from vineyards in southern Brazil. Soil samples (0-5 and 10-20 cm) were collected in two areas of vineyards and a forest area in three regions of southern Brazil, one in Santa Catarina and two in Rio Grande do Sul states. Samples from the 0-5 cm layer were fractionated into > 50 μm and 50 μm e < 50 μm. Nas amostras de solo e nas frações foram determinados os teores totais de Cu e Zn por fluorescência de raio-X. As áreas de vinhedos do sul do Brasil apresentam grandes variações nos teores totais de Cu e Zn, devido as distintas características dos solos e ao histórico de cultivo. Para o Cu não há distinção entre as frações, mas o Zn acumula, preferencialmente, na fração <50 μm.Peer reviewe

ATRIBUTOS MICROBIOLÓGICOS E ESTRUTURA DE COMUNIDADES BACTERIANAS COMO INDICADORES DA QUALIDADE DO SOLO EM PLANTIOS FLORESTAIS NA MATA ATLÂNTICA

In Brazil, in order to minimize the impact of native forest exploitation for commercial purposes, forest plantations have been implemented mainly with exotic species. The evaluation of these crops as to the environmental impact on attributes that can guarantee their productivity has received more attention in the last years, and in this context, the study of microbiological attributes. This paper assesses the impact of Pinus sp. (pinus) and Araucaria angustifolia (araucária) forest plantations on the microbiological soil attributes and the structure of bacterial communities, which can act as indicators of soil quality. Soil samples have been collected on three areas of the National Forest of Três Barras, in Santa Catarina (SC) state: one area of native forest (F), one area of reforestation with araucária (A) and one area of reforestation with pinus (P). Later on, the soil was chemically and physically characterized and the microbiological analyses were performed, as basal respiration, β-glucosidase and fosfatase enzymatic activity and analysis of bacterial community structure by PCR-DGGE. Low fertility was presented on all three soils collected, highlighting the importance of microorganisms in order to maintain this environment. The β-glucosidase and fosfatase enzymatic activity were higher on the areas F and A, suggesting a higher presence of important microorganisms for nutrients cycling. The analysis of the bacteria community structure resulted in low distinction between the pinus and the araucária areas. This paper presents that based on the microbiological attributes and structure of bacterial communities of soil, in forest plantations of the Atlantic Forest, it is possible to conclude that araucária is the best alternative for reforestation, aiming the maintenance of soil quality

Repeated Manure Application for Eleven Years Stimulates Enzymatic Activities and Improves Soil Attributes in a Typic Hapludalf

Animal manure may be a valuable resource for the development of agricultural sustainability. We proposed to verify the feasibility of applications of three types of animal manures to improve soil attributes and to sustain crop yields under intensive cropping and no-tillage systems. The field experiment was established in 2004 on Typic Hapludalf soil with pig slurry (PS), cattle slurry (CS), pig deep-litter (PL), mineral fertilizer (MF) and a non-fertilized treatment. From 2004 to 2015, were grown black oat, maize, forage turnip, black beans, and wheat. Soil samples were taken after winter 2014 and summer 2015, and submitted to chemical, physical, microbiological and biochemical analyses. Animal manures increased soil pH, but MF caused acidification of soil. The PL and CS applications reduced soil density, and increased total pore volume and hydraulic conductivity. Animal manures increased soil P fractions, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, stimulated soil respiration, and had higher activities of glucosidase and acid phosphatase. Wheat had its biggest dry matter and grain yields with MF, but maize grain yields with CS were higher than MF. All indicators pointed that application of animal manure converges to an interesting strategy to recycle nutrients at farmyard level and to contribute to global sustainability