Climate change and human occupation in the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert

Significant changes in available moisture have occurred in the hyperarid Atacama Desert throughout the late Quaternary. Paleorecords show that areas in the adjacent high Andes and western Altiplano have experienced significant increases in rainfall, likely the result of intensified summer systems associated with the South American Summer Monsoon, tropical Pacific sea-surface temperature gradients and the mean position of the Intertropical Convergence Zon

Correction to: Narcolepsy: a model interaction between immune system, nervous system, and sleep-wake regulation.

Narcolepsy is a rare chronic neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. The disease is considered to be the result of the selective disruption of neuronal cells in the lateral hypothalamus expressing the neuropeptide hypocretin, which controls the sleep-wake cycle. Diagnosis and management of narcolepsy represent still a substantial medical challenge due to the large heterogeneity in the clinical manifestation of the disease as well as to the lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. However, significant advances have been made in the last years, thus opening new perspective in the field. This review describes the current knowledge of clinical presentation and pathology of narcolepsy as well as the existing diagnostic criteria and therapeutic intervention for the disease management. Recent evidence on the potential immune-mediated mechanisms that may underpin the disease establishment and progression are also highlighted.ISSN:1863-2297ISSN:1863-230

Narcolepsy: a model interaction between immune system, nervous system, and sleep-wake regulation.

Narcolepsy is a rare chronic neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. The disease is considered to be the result of the selective disruption of neuronal cells in the lateral hypothalamus expressing the neuropeptide hypocretin, which controls the sleep-wake cycle. Diagnosis and management of narcolepsy represent still a substantial medical challenge due to the large heterogeneity in the clinical manifestation of the disease as well as to the lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. However, significant advances have been made in the last years, thus opening new perspective in the field. This review describes the current knowledge of clinical presentation and pathology of narcolepsy as well as the existing diagnostic criteria and therapeutic intervention for the disease management. Recent evidence on the potential immune-mediated mechanisms that may underpin the disease establishment and progression are also highlighted

Narcolepsy: a model interaction between immune system, nervous system, and sleep-wake regulation.

Narcolepsy is a rare chronic neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. The disease is considered to be the result of the selective disruption of neuronal cells in the lateral hypothalamus expressing the neuropeptide hypocretin, which controls the sleep-wake cycle. Diagnosis and management of narcolepsy represent still a substantial medical challenge due to the large heterogeneity in the clinical manifestation of the disease as well as to the lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. However, significant advances have been made in the last years, thus opening new perspective in the field. This review describes the current knowledge of clinical presentation and pathology of narcolepsy as well as the existing diagnostic criteria and therapeutic intervention for the disease management. Recent evidence on the potential immune-mediated mechanisms that may underpin the disease establishment and progression are also highlighted

Efectos de los conjugados del ácido linoleico sobre la incorporación tisular de ácidos grasos y metabolismo lipídico en ratas deficientes en ácidos grasos esenciales

El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar si los conjugados del ácido linoleico (CLA) podrían atenuar o potenciar algunas alteraciones observadas en ratas con deficiencia marginal de ácidos grasos esenciales (AGE). Para ello, ratas Wistar macho fueron alimentadas 60 días con dietas suficientes o deficientes en AGE, suplementadas o no con CLA. Los CLA presentaron distinto grado de incorporación en los tejidos, mostrando una alta retención en tejido adiposo y una marcada resistencia en cerebro; asimismo en los animales con dietas suficientes o deficientes en AGE, los CLA modificaron en forma diferencial los marcadores tisulares de deficiencia de AGE. En animales con dietas deficientes en AGE, los CLA redujeron los triglicéridos circulantes y el tamaño del tejido adiposo; no obstante, estas modificaciones y el incremento del hígado permitirían postular una similitud con ciertas alteraciones observadas en los inicios de la lipodistrofia presente en otros modelos experimentales.Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on tissular fatty acid incorporation and lipid metabolism in essential fatty acid– deficient rats The aim of this work was to investigate whether conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may attenuate or enhance some alterations observed in rats with marginal deficiency of essential fatty acids (EFA). For this purpose, male Wistar rats were fed sufficient or deficient in EFA diets, supplemented or not with CLA, for 60 days. CLA showed different degree of incorporation into the tissues, showing a high retention in adipose tissue and noticeable resistance in brain. Moreover, independently of the EFA deficiency, CLA differentially modified the tissue biomarkers of EFA deficiency. In animals with EFA deficient diets, CLA reduced circulating triacylglycerides and adipose tissue weight; however, these changes and the increased liver size would allow postulating that a similarity with some alterations observed in the beginning of the lipodystrophy syndrome in other experimental models might be present in these rats.Fil: Fariña, Ana Clara. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas. Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas. Catedra de Bromatologia y Nutrición; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Marcela Aída. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas. Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas. Catedra de Bromatologia y Nutrición; ArgentinaFil: Latorre, Maria Emilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Bernal, Claudio Adrian. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas. Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas. Catedra de Bromatologia y Nutrición; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentin

LA TRANSICIÓN ENTRE LAS TRADICIONES DE LOS OASIS DEL DESIERTO Y DE LAS QUEBRADAS ALTAS DEL LOA SUPERIOR: ETNOBOTÁNICA DEL VALLE DEL RÍO GRANDE, 2ª REGIÓN, CHILE

International audienc

How the latent geometry of a biological network provides information on its dynamics: the case of the gene network of chronic myeloid leukaemia

Background: The concept of the latent geometry of a network that can be represented as a graph has emerged from the classrooms of mathematicians and theoretical physicists to become an indispensable tool for determining the structural and dynamic properties of the network in many application areas, including contact networks, social networks, and especially biological networks. It is precisely latent geometry that we discuss in this article to show how the geometry of the metric space of the graph representing the network can influence its dynamics.Methods: We considered the transcriptome network of the Chronic Myeloid Laeukemia K562 cells. We modelled the gene network as a system of springs using a generalization of the Hooke’s law to n-dimension (n ≥ 1). We embedded the network, described by the matrix of spring’s stiffnesses, in Euclidean, hyperbolic, and spherical metric spaces to determine which one of these metric spaces best approximates the network’s latent geometry. We found that the gene network has hyperbolic latent geometry, and, based on this result, we proceeded to cluster the nodes according to their radial coordinate, that in this geometry represents the node popularity.Results: Clustering according to radial coordinate in a hyperbolic metric space when the input to network embedding procedure is the matrix of the stiffnesses of the spring representing the edges, allowed to identify the most popular genes that are also centres of effective spreading and passage of information through the entire network and can therefore be considered the drivers of its dynamics.Conclusion: The correct identification of the latent geometry of the network leads to experimentally confirmed clusters of genes drivers of the dynamics, and, because of this, it is a trustable mean to unveil important information on the dynamics of the network. Not considering the latent metric space of the network, or the assumption of a Euclidean space when this metric structure is not proven to be relevant to the network, especially for complex networks with hierarchical or modularised structure can lead to unreliable network analysis results

Diseño de un programa de intervención desde la psicología de la salud ocupacional positiva en un hospital público de la región del Maule

86 p.El objetivo de esta investigación es desarrollar una propuesta de intervención desde la psicología de la salud positiva en un hospital público de la región del Maule. Para esto, se realizó una evaluación pre intervención basada en el Modelo de Organizaciones Saludables y Resilientes: HERO (Salanova, Llorens, Cifre y Martínez, 2010), en una muestra de 205 empleados donde 88% fueron mujeres, 55% tenía contrato indefinido, y la antigüedad laboral promedio fue de 4 años (dt = 2.4), todos pertenecientes a siete unidades de trabajo de un hospital público de tipo I (autogestionado en red), es decir de alta complejidad. Los resultados de la etapa de diagnóstico permitieron establecer brechas de desarrollo de variables desde el modelo HERO, en unidades preferentemente clínicas, tales como pabellón, obstetricia y ginecología, entre otras, las que finalmente fueron incluidas en la propuesta de intervención que se detalla en esta investigación. Finalmente, se considera que el presente estudio es un aporte a la aplicación de modelos derivados de la psicología de la salud ocupacional positiva, en ámbitos complejos como es el sanitario y al conocimiento de variables relacionadas con la gestión del capital psicológico de los trabajadores y el desarrollo de organizaciones saludables. PALABRAS CLAVES: Hospital, Psicología de la Salud Ocupacional, Organizaciones Saludables, HERO