10,779 research outputs found
Personalization of Saliency Estimation
Most existing saliency models use low-level features or task descriptions
when generating attention predictions. However, the link between observer
characteristics and gaze patterns is rarely investigated. We present a novel
saliency prediction technique which takes viewers' identities and personal
traits into consideration when modeling human attention. Instead of only
computing image salience for average observers, we consider the interpersonal
variation in the viewing behaviors of observers with different personal traits
and backgrounds. We present an enriched derivative of the GAN network, which is
able to generate personalized saliency predictions when fed with image stimuli
and specific information about the observer. Our model contains a generator
which generates grayscale saliency heat maps based on the image and an observer
label. The generator is paired with an adversarial discriminator which learns
to distinguish generated salience from ground truth salience. The discriminator
also has the observer label as an input, which contributes to the
personalization ability of our approach. We evaluate the performance of our
personalized salience model by comparison with a benchmark model along with
other un-personalized predictions, and illustrate improvements in prediction
accuracy for all tested observer groups
WAYLA - Generating Images from Eye Movements
We present a method for reconstructing images viewed by observers based only
on their eye movements. By exploring the relationships between gaze patterns
and image stimuli, the "What Are You Looking At?" (WAYLA) system learns to
synthesize photo-realistic images that are similar to the original pictures
being viewed. The WAYLA approach is based on the Conditional Generative
Adversarial Network (Conditional GAN) image-to-image translation technique of
Isola et al. We consider two specific applications - the first, of
reconstructing newspaper images from gaze heat maps, and the second, of
detailed reconstruction of images containing only text. The newspaper image
reconstruction process is divided into two image-to-image translation
operations, the first mapping gaze heat maps into image segmentations, and the
second mapping the generated segmentation into a newspaper image. We validate
the performance of our approach using various evaluation metrics, along with
human visual inspection. All results confirm the ability of our network to
perform image generation tasks using eye tracking data
Coupled aerodynamic and acoustical predictions for turboprops
To predict the noise fields for proposed turboprop airplanes, an existing turboprop noise code by Farassat has been modified to accept blade pressure inputs from a three-dimensional aerodynamic code. A Euler-type code can handle the nonlinear transonic flow of these high-speed, highly swept blades. This turbofan code was modified to allow the calculation mesh to extend to about twice the blade radius and to apply circumferential periodicity rather than solid-wall boundary conditions on the blade in the region between the blade tip and the outer shroud. Outputs were added for input to the noise prediction program and for color contour plots of various flow variables. The Farassat input subroutines were modified to read files of blade coordinates and predicted surface pressures. Aerodynamic and acoustic results are shown for the SR-3 model blade. Comparison of the acoustic predicted results with measured data show good agreement
Immunological Approaches to Load Balancing in MIMD Systems
Effective utilization of Multiple-Instruction-Multiple-Data (MIMD) parallel
computers requires the application of good load balancing techniques. In this
paper we show that heuristics derived from observation of complex natural
systems, such as the mammalian immune system, can lead to effective load
balancing strategies. In particular, the immune system processes of regulation,
suppression, tolerance, and memory are seen to be powerful load balancing
mechanisms.
We provide a detailed example of our approach applied to parallelization of
an image processing task, that of extracting the circuit design from the images
of the layers of a CMOS integrated circuit. The results of this experiment show
that good speedup characteristics can be obtained when using immune system
derived load balancing strategies.Comment: The work described in this paper was done between 1990-2001, and was
not published at that tim
Remote measurement of turbidity and chlorophyll through aerial photography
Studies were conducted utilizing six different film and filter combinations to quantitatively detect chlorophyll and turbidity in six farm ponds. The low range of turbidity from 0-35 JTU correlated well with the density readings from the green band of normal color film and the high range above 35 JTU was found to correlate with density readings in the red band of color infrared film. The effect of many of the significant variables can be reduced by using standardized procedures in taking the photography. Attempts to detect chlorophyll were masked by the turbidity. The ponds which were highly turbid also had high chlorophyll concentrations; whereas, the ponds with low turbidity also had low chlorophyll concentrations. This prevented a direct correlation for this parameter. Several suggested approaches are cited for possible future investigations
Target Features Affect Visual Search, A Study of Eye Fixations
Visual Search is referred to the task of finding a target object among a set
of distracting objects in a visual display. In this paper, based on an
independent analysis of the COCO-Search18 dataset, we investigate how the
performance of human participants during visual search is affected by different
parameters such as the size and eccentricity of the target object. We also
study the correlation between the error rate of participants and search
performance. Our studies show that a bigger and more eccentric target is found
faster with fewer number of fixations. Our code for the graphics are publicly
available at https://github.com/ManooshSamiei/COCOSearch18_Analysis.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Triggered massive star formation in the vicinity of WR 48a
We utilise Midcourse Space Experiment mid-IR imaging and published data to discuss the (massive) star formation region at galactic longitude ~305˚, apparently associated with the Wolf Rayet WR 48a and the attendant clusters Danks 1 and 2. A spectacular three lobed wind blown bubble surrounds the aforementioned sources, for which we may infer a minimum age of ~3 Myr from the presence of the WCL star. Near IR data reveals the presence of numerous embedded sources on the periphery of the wind blown bubble. The presence of coincindent H2O, OH and methanol maser emission is suggestive of ongoing massive star formation, which is suppported by the fluxes of the associated IR sources, and the requisite LyC flux required to support the emission from the subset that have associated ucH II regions. Consideration of the integrated radio flux of the complex implies that a minimum of 31 O7V stars must be present, under the assumption of no photon leakage. Given the age and morphology of the complex and in particular the observation that the central exciting clusters have entirely cleared their natal material, we expect this assumption will be violated, and hence that the true population of massive stars is likely to be significantly larger. If confirmed, the G305 complex represents one of the most massive regions of ongoing triggered star formation currently identified in the galaxy
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