Novel pyrazoline and pyrazole “turn on” fluorescent sensors selective for Zn²⁺/Cd²⁺ at <i>λ</i>_em 480 nm and Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ at <i>λ</i>_em 465 nm in MeCN

A small series of simple pyrazoline and pyrazole based sensors, all derived from the same chalcone precursors, were synthesised, characterised and screened for their fluorescence “turn on” properties in the presence of multiple metals.</jats:p

On the Predictability of Random Tests for Object-Oriented Software

Intuition suggests that random testing of object-oriented programs should exhibit a significant difference in the number of faults detected by two different runs of equal duration. As a consequence, random testing would be rather unpredictable. We evaluate the variance of the number of faults detected by random testing over time. We present the results of an empirical study that is based on 1215 hours of randomly testing 27 Eiffel classes, each with 30 seeds of the random number generator. Analyzing over 6 million failures triggered during the experiments, the study provides evidence that the relative number of faults detected by random testing over time is predictable but that different runs of the random test case generator detect different faults. The study also shows that random testing quickly finds faults: the first failure is likely to be triggered within 30 seconds

Finding faults: Manual testing vs. Random+ testing vs. user reports

The usual way to compare testing strategies, whether theoretically or empirically, is to compare the number of faults they detect. To ascertain definitely that a testing strategy is better than another, this is a rather coarse criterion: shouldn't the nature of faults matter as well as their number? The empirical study reported here confirms this conjecture. An analysis of faults detected in Eiffel libraries through three different techniques - random tests, manual tests, and user incident reports - shows that each is good at uncovering significantly different kinds of faults. None of the techniques subsumes any of the others, but each brings distinct contributions