Effects of different fat sources on fatty acid composition and CLA content of some tissues of laying hens

Effects of different fat sources on fatty acid composition and the CLA contents of some tissues of laying hens were investigated by gas chromatographic method. In this study, the control (group I), tallow (group II), the internal fat (group III) and the tail fat (group IV), obtained by diets of laying hens with abdominal fat, skin and breast meat + leg were investigated. A total of 160 units, 22-week-old laying hens Hy-line strain used. 40 chickens were used in each group. According to the plan the randomized study, for 10 replications each treatment group, and each iteration is used for the 4 chicken. 18-Hour light-dark day 6 hours' lighting program applied the trial lasted for 12 weeks, feed and water is provided. Total 30 different fatty acids were determined in fatty acid compositions of some tissues. These fatty acids were varied between C 8 - C 22. Different fat sources added that dietary has led to important differences in the of fatty acids composition in abdominal adipose tissue (P<0.05). Diets containing saturated fatty acids, rich oil resources abdominal adipose tissue increased the saturated fatty acid content, diets containing fat sources rich in unsaturated fatty acids increased the unsaturated fatty acid content of abdominal adipose tissue. Animal fat diets of laying hens., especially with addition of the tail fat, skin, leg and breast meat the amount of the total CLA except of amount for abdominal fat statistically significant increased. After 90 days analysing amount of CLA all of the tissues was found to be the highest

Acylated and Desacylated Ghrelin, Preptin, Leptin, and Nesfatin-1 Peptide Changes Related to the Body Mass Index

This study examines the levels of acylated and desacylated ghrelin, preptin, leptin, and nesfatin-1 peptide changes related to the body mass index (BMI). The subjects were allocated to 5 groups depending on their BMIs as follows: Group I (BMI 40 kg/m2). Serum acylated and desacylated ghrelin, preptin, and leptin levels were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nesfatin-1 was measured by the enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Desacylated ghrelin levels showed a gradual and statistically significant drop from Group I to Group V, while preptin and leptin levels exhibited a gradual and significant increase from Group I to Group IV. Serum nesfatin-1 levels gradually, but not significantly, increased from Group I to Group III and showed a significant decrease in Groups IV and V. In conclusion, leptin, preptin, and acylated ghrelin (AG) levels increased with higher BMI, whereas desacylated ghrelin (DAG) decreased and nesfatin-1 showed no clear relationship to BMI

A practical method for estimation of blood acidity level using faecal pH in diarrhoeic calves

Incomplete oxidation of carbohydrates, due to anaerobic metabolism when tissues are inadequately perfused during dehydration, results in a higher production levels of organic acids such as lactic acid. Acidosis resulting from the loss of base Is frequently encountered during diarrhoea and is caused by the loss of bicarbonate or its equivalent substances in diarrhoeic faeces. Although the actual losses of base contributes to acidosis, dehydration usually developing concurrently also leads to elevated acidity, as explained previously (Radostitis et al., 1994)

Effects of L-carnitine administration on growth performance, carcass traits, blood serum parameters and abdominal fatty acid composition of ducks

Effects of L-carnitine administration via drinking water on growth performance, carcass traits, blood serum parameters and abdominal fatty acid composition of ducks was examined. One hundred day-old Turkish native duck chicks were divided into two groups, each with five replicates and given the same diets with 0 and 200 mg/l carnitine chlorhydrate via drinking water. The study lasted 8 weeks, with the first 4 weeks as a starter and the last 4 weeks as grower period. At the end of the study five ducks were randomly selected from each subgroup for slaughter. Growth performance parameters of ducks were not affected significantly by L-carnitine administration. Live weight, daily weight gain, cumulative feed consumption and average feed conversion efficiency were found to be 1490 and 1621 g, 26.0 and 28.1 g, 5386 and 5662 g, 3.75 and 3.54 kg/kg in the control and in the carnitine groups respectively. L-carnitine administration did not effect carcass traits and serum cholesterol, total lipid, triglyceride and glucose levels. Total saturated fatty acid content of abdominal fat significantly decreased, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acid content were not affected by L-carnitine administration. In conclusion, L-carnitine administration by drinking water did not affect growth performance, carcass traits and blood parameters in ducks

Effects of L-cartitine administration on growth performances, carcass traits, serum lipids and abdominal fatty acid compositions of geese

The study was conducted to determine the effect of L-carnitine chlorhydrate administration via drinking water on growth performance, carcass traits, serum lipids and fatty acids composition of abdominal fat in geese. One hundred, one day old Turkish native geese chicks were divided into 2 groups, containing 50 chicks, receiving the same diets (starter diet for 6 weeks and grower diet for 6 weeks), and 0 and 100 mg/l carnitine chlorhydrate (0 and 100 mg/l) was given via drinking water during 12 weeks. At the end of the study, 30 geese were randomly selected from each group for determination of slaughter traits, and blood and abdominal fat samples were also taken

Measurement of the distance and angle between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery and correlation to body-mass index in adolescents

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the variations in the angle and distance values between the superior mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta with body mass index in healthy adolescents

Effects of L-Carnitine administration on growth performance, carcass traits, serum lipids and abdominal fatty acid compositions of geese

The study was conducted to determine the effect of L-carnitine chlorhydrate administration via drinking water on growth performance, carcass traits, serum lipids and fatty acids composition of abdominal fat in geese. One hundred, one day old Turkish native geese chicks were divided into 2 groups, containing 50 chicks, receiving the same diets (starter diet for 6 weeks and grower diet for 6 weeks), and 0 and 100 mg/l carnitine chlorhydrate (0 and 100 mg/l) was given via drinking water during 12 weeks. At the end of the study, 30 geese were randomly selected from each group for determination of slaughter traits, and blood and abdominal fat samples were also taken. L-carnitine administration did not affect live weight, feed consumption but weakly affected feed conversion efficiency. Except for the liver weight, carcass traits were similar between the groups. Liver percentage to the carcass weight was significantly higher in carnitine group than in control group (P<0.05). Although, serum cholesterol, total lipid, triglycerid and glucose concentrations were not affected, L-carnitine administration significantly increased total saturated fatty acids concentrations, and decreased polyunsaturated fatty acids concentrations without modifying monounsaturated fatty acids concentration in abdominal fat. Nevertheless, because of the weak effects of L-carnitine on growth performance, carcass traits and biochemical markers, an extensive dietary supplementation is not recommended

Effects of L-Carnitine administration on growth performance, carcass traits and some serum components of Japanese quail (Coturnix cot. japonica)

The present study was conducted to examine the effects of 100 mg carnitine chlohydrate/1 administration via drinking water on growth performance, carcass traits and blood serum components in Japanese quails. Two hundred a-day-old chicks were divided into two groups, allocated to 5 replicates, each consisting of 20 chicks. At the end of the 6 weeks experimental period, results indicated that administration Of L-Carnitine did not significantly influence growth performance and carcass traits in quails. Administration Of L-Carnitine did not significantly affect serum cholesterol, total lipid, triglycerid, total protein and albumin levels (P > 0.05) but increased the glucose level (P < 0.05)

Concentrations of carnitine and other biochemical parameters in blood serum of normal dairy cows and cows with abomasal displacement (dislocatio abomasi) and puerperal disorders

It was the aim of this study to compare the concentrations of total (TC) and free L-carnitine (FC) in blood serum of different groups of lactating cows. The animals were allotted into three groups, a) control animals (N = 11), b) cows with abomasal displacement (AD) (N = 5) and c) cows with puerperal disorders (PD) (N = 5). TC and FC were measured with an radioenzymatic assay. Blood samples were collected from 5 to 0 d before parturition (a. p.) and from 0 to 28 d after parturition (p. p.). It was of interest to examine whether L-carnitine might be limiting under certain conditions of metabolic stress which are typical for high yielding lactating cows. Concentrations of TC and FC (mumoI/l) in control cows before and after parturition were 10,0* and 8,6* and 6,0-8,9 and 3,7-4,9, respectively. The corresponding TC and FC values for cows with AD were 19,6* and 8,9* and 10,5-20,7 and 4,8-6,9, respectively. Cows with PD showed TC and FC concentrations a. p. and p. p. of 15,7* and 9,2* and 10,3-13,0 and 4,8-6,3, h other puerperal disorders PD respectively (* only one value)

EFFECT OF SINGLE DOSE DEXAMETHASONE ADMINISTRATION ON METABOLISM RELATED PARAMETERS IN LACTATING FAT TAILED SHEEP

This study was designed to investigate the effect of a single dose glucocorticoid administration on the parameters related to energy metabolism in sheep. Forty healthy lactating fat tailed ewes, 2-3 years old, were obtained from the Farm of the University of Kafkas. The animals were divided into control (n=20) and treated group (n=20). Ewes in the treatment group (n=20) was parenterally given a single dose of 0.025 mg/kg dexamethasone (Deksavet %0.4 enj.(R), Interhas, Istanbul-Turkey) at the beginning of the study. Ewes in the control group (n=20) were parenterally given the same dose of placebo at the beginning of the study. All animals were blood sampled before the drug administration and on the 1(st), 2(nd), 3(rd), 4(th), 5(th) and 7(th) day of injection. Sera samples were analysed for the determination of concentrations of insulin, beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB), non esterified fatty acid (NEFA), glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein, albumin, globulin and phosphorus. Cholesterol, glucose (P < 0.001) and insulin (P < 0.05) concentration obtained on day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 were significantly higher than the baseline values on day 0. Concentrations of cholesterol and glucose peaked on day 7 and 3, respectively. NEFA concentration was significantly lower during the experiment except for day 7 when it peaked (P < 0.05). Other examined parameters did not significantly change when compared to the baseline values. Comparison of the control and the treated group revealed a statistically significant increase in the concentrations of glucose on day 2, 3, and 4, cholesterol on day 3, 4, 5, and 7, insulin on day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 while concentrations of NEFA decreased on day 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 and phosphorus concentrations decreased on day 4