Long-Term Cold Acclimation Extends Survival Time at 0°C and Modifies the Metabolomic Profiles of the Larvae of the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster

Drosophila melanogaster is a chill-susceptible insect. Previous studies on this fly focused on acute direct chilling injury during cold shock and showed that lower lethal temperature (LLT, approximately -5°C) exhibits relatively low plasticity and that acclimations, both rapid cold hardening (RCH) and long-term cold acclimation, shift the LLT by only a few degrees at the maximum.We found that long-term cold acclimation considerably improved cold tolerance in fully grown third-instar larvae of D. melanogaster. A comparison of the larvae acclimated at constant 25°C with those acclimated at constant 15°C followed by constant 6°C for 2 d (15°C→6°C) showed that long-term cold acclimation extended the lethal time for 50% of the population (Lt(50)) during exposure to constant 0°C as much as 630-fold (from 0.137 h to 86.658 h). Such marked physiological plasticity in Lt(50) (in contrast to LLT) suggested that chronic indirect chilling injury at 0°C differs from that caused by cold shock. Long-term cold acclimation modified the metabolomic profiles of the larvae. Accumulations of proline (up to 17.7 mM) and trehalose (up to 36.5 mM) were the two most prominent responses. In addition, restructuring of the glycerophospholipid composition of biological membranes was observed. The relative proportion of glycerophosphoethanolamines (especially those with linoleic acid at the sn-2 position) increased at the expense of glycerophosphocholines.Third-instar larvae of D. melanogaster improved their cold tolerance in response to long-term cold acclimation and showed metabolic potential for the accumulation of proline and trehalose and for membrane restructuring

Influence of the quality of the functional periphery of the lower limb on the posture and axial system in children

This bachelor thesis looks at the influence of the quality of the functional peripheral of the lower leg on the posture and axial system. The periphery of the lower extremities is an important part of the musculoskeletal system. The quality of the lower leg periphery will influence the functional involvement of other areas. Functional leg disorders can cause functional disturbances in other areas or affect them significantly. The work is divided into theoretical and practical parts. Psychomotor development from prenatal to preschool has been described in the theoretical section. Furthermore, the work deals with functional anatomy of the leg and development of the functional leg. The axial system is the main theme of the next chapter. Posture, postural function, stability, as well as posture disorders are further content of the theoretical part. Conclusion of the theoretical part deals with the defective posture of the most common functional disorders in the lower leg area. This part is concluded with the possibilities of postural therapy in children. The practical part of the bachelor thesis is processed in the form of qualitative research. Probands are individuals aged 3-6 years with impaired lower leg support quality, enrolled in physiotherapy at outpatient facility Rehabilitation Borovany s.r.o. Physiotherapy was carried out by a trained physiotherapist, the therapy was followed by a student and subsequently described in case reports three children. Individual case reports include an initial examination, a course of therapy and an exit examination. The first goal of the work was to describe the development of the functional support of the lower limb periphery and the influence of its quality on the posture and axial system in children. The second objective was to describe therapeutic practices in specific individuals aged 3-6 with impaired support quality. In the form of case reports. Early detection of a deviation in psychomotor development and recognition of defective posture is essential for the early start of therapy and thus for its success. The bachelor's thesis can serve physiotherapists in practice as an inspiration for therapeutic practices in preschool-age children

The Development of Professional Competences of Students by Means of Canistherapy

The subject of my bachelor thesis was "The Development of Professional Competences of Students by Means of Canistherapy. In the theoretical part I focused on the explanation of terms such as zootherapy, canistherapy, voluntary service, professional competence and other related information. In the practical part of my thesis I describe the objectives, study methods and results. The aim was to find the extent of the students' professional competence which was developed through the involvement in the volunteer programme at the Centre of Zootherapy, or by participation in some stays organized by the Centre of Zootherapy. In the research, I selected quqlitative searching, focus group technique, the method of secondary data analysis and, as a complementary source of data, I used photo documentation. The results of the search showed that the students gained 16 professional competences due to involvement in the volunteer programme Canistherapy, or due to the participation in off-site events which they are supposed to obtain during the study and practical training at the Faculty of Health and Social Studies

Canistherapeutic stay as the means of the Social Rehabilitation

Using the dogs for the therapeutic purposes is not novelty anyway. Connection to the dog is, vice versa, one of the strongest fixations in the human society. It is know, that many people feel absence of somebody, who they could have a good chat from their joys and troubles of life or only the closeness of some living creature who would love them. Theoretical part of this thesis is focused on explanation of names as zootherapy, canistherapy and recovering actions. One chapter of this part is dedicated the introduction on the Training Centre of Canistherapy called Hafík, o.s. (non-profit civic association). Further, the author concerns explanation of issues with integration and inclusion. The last part of the theoretical section is focused on explanation of the term social skill. Aim of the practical part of thesis is based on describing of researching methods and one is own results of research work. Researching aim of it was describing of the change in the social sphere and social skills of children from the intact society in a course of stay action realization with focus on canistherapy. For realization of the researching part of thesis author chose qualitative way of research. For collection of dates the method of taking part was used. In practice, it was long-termed and systematical observation of children from the intact society directly during their stay action focused on canistherapy. The second used method for collection of the dates was depth interview with the children from the intact society, who took part in the stay action focused on canistherapy. During this interview children were inquired individually in advance prepared, open questions, concerning, above all, their opinion about the handicapped friends, who took part in this stay action together with them. The last method used for collection of the dates in my thesis is the method of structural examination, which was used with the parents of children from the intact society, who took part in the stay action focused on canistherapy. After its ending, among the parents of children, there was realized examination, endeavouring for opinion of them: influence of this stay action to their child. As complementary dates resource, there was used the method of photo documentation. The research was under way in the period from July to September 2012 with the children from intact society, who where participants of the stay action focused on canistherapy and their parents. Camp was arranged with the Training Centre of Canistherapy called Hafík, o.s. (non-profit civic association). Whole of a piece 12 respondents both males and females from the row of the children from intact society took part in this stay action together with 6 parents of them. Results of the researching proved forth coming changes in the social sphere and social skills of the intact children during their stay action focused on canistherapy. The children improved their communication, learnt to establish and keep contact with new people. They became more self-confident, independent and self-sufficient. Further, the children, thanks to the presence of handicapped one´s, have learnt both the correct access to them and the forms of manners with them. At the same time they have got new knowledge about some individual types of disabilities. During the program with present dogs children gained couples of knowledge and skills, concerning with behavior, care and training the dogs. They learnt, how safely and in a responsible way entry to this four-footed friends. Author believes results of her thesis could serve as material for canistherapy in practice and for canistherapy on scientific, researching and educational level too

Adobe

The goal of this work is to provide an overview of technologies, products and on-line services of Adobe Systems with focus on utilization of these for personal and occupational use, for educational and commercial activities. At the same time, this work gives information about the development, technical parameters and benefits of one of the most significant technologies of this company, the PDF format, a familiar subject of every ordinary computer user

Variety of Organizations in a chosen Locality (a sociological study)

Čtyřicet společností s ručením omezeným se sídlem ve městě Český Krumlov bylo analyzováno z hlediska identifikačních údajů, instrumentálnosti, struktury a kultu-ry. Průzkum proběhl formou ankety, jejímiž respondenty byli vedoucí pracovníci spo-lečností. Záměrem práce bylo postihnout rozmanitost organizací tohoto druhu na daném území a dle daných kritérií.Teoretická část práce se zabývá samotným pojmem organizace, jeho proměnami v průběhu času a vývojem myšlení o organizacích. Je popsáno současné sociologic-ké pojetí organizací a historie manažerského pojetí.Forty private limited companies registered in Český Krumlov were analyzed in terms of identification data, instrumentality, structure and culture.A survey was conducted, the respondents being managers or owners of the companies. The aim of the thesis was to cover the diversity of these organizations in the given region according to aforementioned criteria.The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the very concept of organization, its changes over time and the development of thinking about organizations. It describes the current sociological concepts of organizations and the history of managerial concepts

Prospective study: Influence of BMI, comorbidity and aplication of antibiotics on healing of laparotomical cuts by women

ABSTRACT At the end of the 20th century, the rapid development of new information also affected the gynaecological surgery. Ever new diagnostic and therapeutic procedures have been proposed, huge quantities of ever more effective medicaments are being developed, the physicians are being confronted with the solution of problems resulting from the adverse effects of the environment on the modern man. The care for women and mothers has completely changed in the last twenty years. In the classical gynaecology the diagnostic methods and the classification have changed (the inflammatory diseases, for example), new surgical methods were introduced into the routine practice. In this paper, we address the classical gynaecological surgical methods - the surgical therapy which only uses invasive surgical methods. We monitor the surgical wound healing after abdominal laparotomies. The objective of our work was to ascertain and compare the surgical wound healing after laparotomy surgeries in women with different BMI{\crq}s [Body Mass Index] and to find out during the hospitalisation whether women with an elevated BMI (25.0-29.9) are treated with antibiotics after laparotomy surgery. Three hypotheses were proposed. The first hypothesis reads as follows: ``In women with BMI within the norm (BMI = 18.4-24.9), the operation wound heals per primam{\crqq}. The results have not confirmed this hypothesis completely. Even though the wounds healed per primam in an unequivocal majority of women, there were also women with wound healing per secundam. The second hypothesis says: ``In women with elevated BMI (25.0-29.9) and high BMI (equal or above 30.0) the surgical wound heals per secundam. The results represented in the graphs show that the second hypothesis was also disproved, there was not exclusive secondary healing in the groups with elevated and high BMI; nevertheless, the result was positive. The hypothesis 3 says: ``The women with elevated (25.0-29.9) and high (30.0 and more) BMI are treated with antibiotics during the hospitalisation. This hypothesis was confirmed. The quantitative investigation was carried out using the method of data collection from the medical documentation in randomly selected patients in the period August 2006 - November 2006. The data were collected in the archive of the České Budějovice Hospital, a. s. In this investigation, the healing of surgical wounds in women with different MBI{\crq}s was ascertained and compared. This work has brought us to the conclusion that the postoperative course is generally less complicated in women with BMI within the norm that in women with elevated or high BMI index. Therefore, attention must be paid to the increasing obesity and the connected complications, no only for health reasons. The results of this investigation can expand the health personnel{\crq}s information in the sphere of wound care after laparotomy surgery, and they could also serve as a basis for further investigations into this problem. This work can also be used in the teaching at the South-Bohemian University, published in professional journals and on the Internet

Family therapy in the Center for educational care Spirála Český Krumlov.

This work is focused on family therapy center of nurture Spirála in Czech Krumlov. In the theoretical part describes the theoretical knowledge, drawn from literature, describing the center of nurture, its emergence and the main job description. Furthermore, it defines the concept of family and family therapy from its definition, formation, goals, initiation, during and after the termination of cooperation with the family. In the practical part of this work are analyzed 4 case studies of clients SVP Spirála. The aim of the research is to determine on whose initiative the clients receive the SVP, whether the effect that there are children from single-parent family, whether to become clients of SVP. Furthermore, it was observed, which is the initiator of the cooperation with SVP, whether mother or father and that the most frequent reason for discontinuation of therapy is that the client's behavior will improve and thus alleviate the problem of the family. Case studies are based on professional examinations family therapists SVP. Furthermore, the method interview with therapists as a means to verify or refute the hypotheses set