Development of Urban Electric Bus Drivetrain

The development of the drivetrain for a new series of urban electric buses is presented in the paper. The traction and design properties of several drive variants are compared. The efficiency of the drive was tested using simulation calculations of the vehicle rides based on data from real bus lines in Prague. The results of the design work and simulation calculations are presented in the paper

Modeling Complex Systems by Structural Invariants Approach

When modeling complex systems, we usually encounter the following difficulties: partiality, large amount of data, and uncertainty of conclusions. It can be said that none of the known approaches solves these difficulties perfectly, especially in cases where we expect emergences in the complex system. The most common is the physical approach, sometimes reinforced by statistical procedures. The physical approach to modeling leads to a complicated description of phenomena associated with a relatively simple geometry. If we assume emergences in the complex system, the physical approach is not appropriate at all. In this article, we apply the approach of structural invariants, which has the opposite properties: a simple description of phenomena associated with a more complicated geometry (in our case pregeometry). It does not require as much data and the calculations are simple. The price paid for the apparent simplicity is a qualitative interpretation of the results, which carries a special type of uncertainty. Attention is mainly focused (in this article) on the invariant matroid and bases of matroid (M, BM) in combination with the Ramsey graph theory. In addition, this article introduces a calculus that describes the emergent phenomenon using two quantities-the power of the emergent phenomenon and the complexity of the structure that is associated with this phenomenon. The developed method is used in the paper for modeling and detecting emergent situations in cases of water floods, traffic jams, and phase transition in chemistry

Experience of Implementing Moisture Sorption Control in Historical Archives

This paper deals with a novel approach to inhibiting the harmful impact of moisture sorption in old art works and historical exhibits preserved in remote historic buildings that are in use as depositories or exhibition rooms for cultural heritage collections. It is a sequel to the previous work presented in [2], where the principle of moisture sorption stabilization was explained. Sorption isotherm investigations and EMC control implementation in historical buildings not provided with heating are the main concern in this paper. The proposed microclimate adjustment consists in leaving the interior temperature to run almost its spontaneous yearly cycle, while the air humidity is maintained in a specific relationship to the current interior temperature. The interior air humidity is modestly adjusted to protect historical exhibits and art works from harmful variations in the content of absorbed moisture, which would otherwise arise owing to the interior temperature drifts. Since direct measurements of moisture content are not feasible, the air humidity is controlled via a model-based principle. Two long-term implementations of the proposed microclimate control have already proved that it can permanently maintain a constant moisture content in the preserved exhibits.

Single Brillouin frequency shifted S-band multi-wavelength Brillouin-Raman fiber laser utilizing fiber Bragg grating and Raman amplifier in ring cavity

Tento dokument je zaměřen na simulaci a analýzu S-band multi-vlnových délek výkonného Ramanova laseru Brillouine s využitím vláken Bragg a Ramanového zesilovače v kruhové dutině. Raman zesilovače se používají pro zesílení signálu průměrného výkonu modelu.This paper is focusing on simulation and analyzing of S-band multi-wavelength Brillouine Raman fiber laser performance utilizing fiber Bragg grating and Raman amplifier in ring cavity. Raman amplifier average power model is employed for signal amplificatio

Experimental and theoretical study of the electronic structure and optical spectral features of PbIn6Te10

Představujeme měření optických vlastností krystalického PbIn6Te10. Vzorky se pěstují ve formě hranolů o velikosti _5 _ 3 _ 0,3 mm3. Absorpční koeficient (HN) ukazuje na exponenciální chování s energií v energetickém rozsahu 0.82-0.99 eV následovaným náhlým zvýšením vstřebávání z 1:07 na 1:13 eV.We present measurements of the optical properties of crystalline PbIn6Te10. The samples are grown in the form of parallelepipeds of size _5 _ 3 _ 0.3 mm3. The absorption coefficient a(hn) shows an exponential behavior with energy in the energy range 0.82–0.99 eV followed by an abrupt increase in the absorption from 1.07–1.13 eV