Determination of Catechol by Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Functionalized Graphene Modified Electrode

A simple and sensitive electrochemical sensor was prepared by using electrodeposition of the cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTMAB ) functionalized Graphene (GR) on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to determine Catechol (CC) in water. The performance of the CTMAB functionalized GR sensor was studied and the analysis conditions of the CC were optimized. The experimental results showed that, compared with bare GCE, the redox peak current of CC on the modified electrode was obviously enhanced. Under the optimized conditions, the oxidation and reduction peak current all showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of CC from 5μmol/L to 1000 μmol/L. The detection limit of oxidation peak is 2.92 μmol/L, and that of reduction peak is 2.44 μmol/L. The recovery was founded to be in the range of 92.70 %~101.80 %. Moreover, the sensor could be used for the determination of CC in real samples with satisfactory results. And the mechanism of the sensitization of CC detected by CTMAB-GR modified GCE was discussed preliminarily

Determination of Catechol by Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Functionalized Graphene Modified Electrode

A simple and sensitive electrochemical sensor was prepared by using electrodeposition of the cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTMAB ) functionalized Graphene (GR) on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to determine Catechol (CC) in water. The performance of the CTMAB functionalized GR sensor was studied and the analysis conditions of the CC were optimized. The experimental results showed that, compared with bare GCE, the redox peak current of CC on the modified electrode was obviously enhanced. Under the optimized conditions, the oxidation and reduction peak current all showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of CC from 5μmol/L to 1000 μmol/L. The detection limit of oxidation peak is 2.92 μmol/L, and that of reduction peak is 2.44 μmol/L. The recovery was founded to be in the range of 92.70 %~101.80 %. Moreover, the sensor could be used for the determination of CC in real samples with satisfactory results. And the mechanism of the sensitization of CC detected by CTMAB-GR modified GCE was discussed preliminarily

Determination of Catechol by Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Functionalized Graphene Modified Electrode

A simple and sensitive electrochemical sensor was prepared by using electrodeposition of the cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTMAB ) functionalized Graphene (GR) on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to determine Catechol (CC) in water. The performance of the CTMAB functionalized GR sensor was studied and the analysis conditions of the CC were optimized. The experimental results showed that, compared with bare GCE, the redox peak current of CC on the modified electrode was obviously enhanced. Under the optimized conditions, the oxidation and reduction peak current all showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of CC from 5μmol/L to 1000 μmol/L. The detection limit of oxidation peak is 2.92 μmol/L, and that of reduction peak is 2.44 μmol/L. The recovery was founded to be in the range of 92.70 %~101.80 %. Moreover, the sensor could be used for the determination of CC in real samples with satisfactory results. And the mechanism of the sensitization of CC detected by CTMAB-GR modified GCE was discussed preliminarily

Microbial-induced remediation of Zn2+ pollution based on the capture and utilization of carbon dioxide

Background: Microbial-induced remediation of Zn2+ pollution based on the capture and utilization of carbon dioxide was investigated. In this study, carbon dioxide was absorbed and transformed into carbonate ions under the enzymatic action of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus , which was being utilized to mineralize Zn2+. Results: The compositional and morphological properties of the precipitations were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal properties of the precipitates were investigated by thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). The FTIR results confirmed that the functional groups of the precipitates were CO3 2 12 and OH 12. The XRD and EDS patterns showed that basic zinc carbonate could be obtained successfully by Microbial-induced remediation. The SEM micrographs demonstrated that the precipitates were in the nanometer range with sizes of 100\u2013200 nm and were sphere-like in shape. Conclusions: The TG-DSC results showed that weight loss of the precipitates occurred around 253\ub0C. The FTIR and TG-DSC results were in accord with the XRD and EDS results and proved again that the precipitates were basic zinc carbonate. This work thus demonstrates a new method for processing Zn2+ pollution based on the utilization of carbon dioxide

Determination of Catechol by Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Functionalized Graphene Modified Electrode

A simple and sensitive electrochemical sensor was prepared by using electrodeposition of the cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTMAB ) functionalized Graphene (GR) on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to determine Catechol (CC) in water. The performance of the CTMAB functionalized GR sensor was studied and the analysis conditions of the CC were optimized. The experimental results showed that, compared with bare GCE, the redox peak current of CC on the modified electrode was obviously enhanced. Under the optimized conditions, the oxidation and reduction peak current all showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of CC from 5μmol/L to 1000 μmol/L. The detection limit of oxidation peak is 2.92 μmol/L, and that of reduction peak is 2.44 μmol/L. The recovery was founded to be in the range of 92.70 %~101.80 %. Moreover, the sensor could be used for the determination of CC in real samples with satisfactory results. And the mechanism of the sensitization of CC detected by CTMAB-GR modified GCE was discussed preliminarily

Elucidating the changes in the heterogeneity and function of radiation-induced cardiac macrophages using single-cell RNA sequencing

PurposeA mouse model of irradiation (IR)-induced heart injury was established to investigate the early changes in cardiac function after radiation and the role of cardiac macrophages in this process.MethodsCardiac function was evaluated by heart-to-tibia ratio, lung-to-heart ratio and echocardiography. Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry analysis were used to evaluate the changes of macrophages in the heart. Immune cells from heart tissues were sorted by magnetic beads for single-cell RNA sequencing, and the subsets of macrophages were identified and analyzed. Trajectory analysis was used to explore the differentiation relationship of each macrophage subset. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were compared, and the related enriched pathways were identified. Single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering (SCENIC) analysis was performed to identify the potential transcription factors (TFs) which participated in this process.ResultsCardiac function temporarily decreased on Day 7 and returned to normal level on Day 35, accompanied by macrophages decreased and increased respectively. Then, we identified 7 clusters of macrophages by single-cell RNA sequencing and found two kinds of stage specific macrophages: senescence-associated macrophage (Cdkn1ahighC5ar1high) on Day 7 and interferon-associated macrophage (Ccr2highIsg15high) on Day 35. Moreover, we observed cardiac macrophages polarized over these two-time points based on M1/M2 and CCR2/major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII) expression. Finally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses suggested that macrophages on Day 7 were characterized by an inflammatory senescent phenotype with enhanced chemotaxis and inflammatory factors, while macrophages on Day 35 showed enhanced phagocytosis with reduced inflammation, which was associated with interferon-related pathways. SCENIC analysis showed AP-1 family members were associated with IR-induced macrophages changes.ConclusionWe are the first study to characterize the diversity, features, and evolution of macrophages during the early stages in an IR-induced cardiac injury animal model

NtMYB4 and NtCHS1 Are Critical Factors in the Regulation of Flavonoid Biosynthesis and Are Involved in Salinity Responsiveness

High levels of salinity induce serious oxidative damage in plants. Flavonoids, as antioxidants, have important roles in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. In the present study, the tobacco R2R3 MYB type repressor, NtMYB4, was isolated and characterized. The expression of NtMYB4 was suppressed by salinity. Overexpression of NtMYB4 reduced the salt tolerance in transgenic tobacco plants. NtMYB4 repressed the promoter activity of NtCHS1 and negatively regulated its expression. Rutin accumulation was significantly decreased in NtMYB4 overexpressing transgenic plants and NtCHS1 RNAi silenced transgenic plants. Moreover, high H2O2 and O2− contents were detected in both types of rutin-reduced transgenic plants under high salt stress. In addition, exogenous rutin supplementation effectively scavenged ROS (H2O2 and O2−) and improved the salt tolerance of the rutin-reduced transgenic plants. In contrast, NtCHS1 overexpressing plants had increased rutin accumulation, lower H2O2 and O2− contents, and higher tolerance to salinity. These results suggested that tobacco NtMYB4 acts as a salinity response repressor and negatively regulates NtCHS1 expression, which results in the reduced flavonoid accumulation and weakened ROS-scavenging ability under salt stress

Attribution of extreme precipitation in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River during May 2016

May 2016 was the third wettest May on record since 1961 over central eastern China based on station observations, with total monthly rainfall 40% more than the climatological mean for 1961–2013. Accompanying disasters such as waterlogging, landslides and debris flow struck part of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Causal influence of anthropogenic forcings on this event is investigated using the newly updated Met Office Hadley Centre system for attribution of extreme weather and climate events. Results indicate that there is a significant increase in May 2016 rainfall in model simulations relative to the climatological period, but this increase is largely attributable to natural variability. El Ni ̃no years have been found to be correlatedwith extreme rainfall in the Yangtze River region in previous studies—the strong El Ni ̃no of 2015–2016 may account for the extreme precipitation event in 2016. However, on smaller spatial scales we find that anthropogenic forcing has likely played a role in increasing the risk of extreme rainfall to the north of the Yangtze and decreasing it to the south