Thickness and Ratio of Noncompacted and Compacted Layers of the Left Ventricular Myocardium Evaluated in 56 Normal Fetuses by Two-Dimensional Echocardiography

The thickness and ratio of noncompacted and compacted layers of the left ventricular (LV) myocardium in the normal fetus were investigated by fetal echocardiography. We aimed to investigate the compaction process of the LV myocardium during the normal gestation period and provide reference for echocardiographic diagnosis of a fetus with ventricular myocardium noncompaction. A total of 56 pregnant women in the gestational period of 23–30 weeks were included. Complete fetal echocardiography was performed with system ultrasonographic examination to exclude congenital heart malformation or extracardiac malformation. All 56 fetuses showed normal development. In the short-axis view of the fetal heart, the LV wall was divided into an upper and lower section at the level of the papillary muscle. Each section was then further divided into four segments, namely, anterior, posterior, lateral, and inferior wall. Thus, the LV wall was divided into eight segments. The thickness of the ventricular noncompacted and compacted layers and the ratio of the ventricular noncompacted to compacted layers of these segments at end-systole were measured and calculated. In echocardiography, the fetal LV myocardium is a two-layered structure: the endocardial noncompact myocardium (NC) with higher echo and the epicardium compact myocardium (C) with lower echo. The noncompacted layer is thinner than the compacted layer in the anterior wall, but thicker than the compacted layers in the posterior, lateral, and inferior wall. With respect to the upper and lower sections of the LV myocardium, the noncompacted layer in each segment of the upper section is thinner than that in each segment of the lower section, whereas the compacted layer of the upper section is thicker than that of the lower section. This study suggests that the densification of the fetal LV myocardium occurs gradually from base to apex and from the anterior to lateral, posterior, and inferior walls. This finding aids in further understanding the process of myocardial densification and provides a diagnostic reference for noncompaction of noncompaction cardiomyopathy (NCCM)

In-plane anisotropy of quantum transport in artificial two-dimensional Au lattices

We report an experimental observation and direct control of quantum transport in artificial two-dimensional Au lattices. Combining the advanced techniques of low-temperature deposition and newly developed double-probe scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we display a two-dimensional carrier transport and demonstrate a strong in-plane transport modulation in the two-dimensional Au lattices. In well-ordered Au lattices, we observe the carrier transport behavior manifesting as a band-like feature with an energy gap. Furthermore, controlled structural modification performed by constructing coupled “stadiums” enables a transition of system dynamics in the lattices, which in turn establishes tunable resonant transport throughout a wide energy range. Our findings open the possibility of the construction and transport engineering of artificial lattices by the geometrical arrangement of scatterers and quantum chaotic dynamics

Modulation of Electronic and Optical Anisotropy Properties of ML-GaS by Vertical Electric Field

Abstract We investigate the electric-field-dependent optical properties and electronic behaviors of GaS monolayer by using the first-principles calculations. A reversal of the dipole transition from E//c to E⊥c anisotropy is found with a critical external electric field of about 5 V/nm. Decomposed projected band contributions exhibit asymmetric electronic structures in GaS interlayers under the external electric field, which explains the evolution of the absorption preference. Spatial distribution of the partial charge and charge density difference reveal that the strikingly reversed optical anisotropy in GaS ML is closely linked to the additional crystal field originated from the external electric field. These results pave the way for experimental research and provide a new perspective for the application of the monolayer GaS-based two-dimensional electronic and optoelectronic devices

In-plane Anisotropy of Quantum Transport in Artificial Two-dimensional Au Lattices

We report an experimental observation and direct control of quantum transport in artificial two-dimensional Au lattices. Combining the advanced techniques of low-temperature deposition and newly developed double-probe scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we display a two-dimensional carrier transport and demonstrate a strong in-plane transport modulation in the two-dimensional Au lattices. In well-ordered Au lattices, we observe the carrier transport behavior manifesting as a band-like feature with an energy gap. Furthermore, controlled structural modification performed by constructing coupled “stadiums” enables a transition of system dynamics in the lattices, which in turn establishes tunable resonant transport throughout a wide energy range. Our findings open the possibility of the construction and transport engineering of artificial lattices by the geometrical arrangement of scatterers and quantum chaotic dynamics

Kinetic-Dynamic Properties of Different Monomers and Two-Dimensional Homoepitaxy Growth on the Zn-Polar (0001) ZnO Surface

Homoepitaxy ZnO monolayer growth was investigated from dynamics to kinetics taking ZnO molecules and Zn-O cluster monomers into account in the atomistic growth by first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations and compared with experimental growth by molecular beam epitaxy. Theoretically, the ZnO molecules were found to scatter equivalently on both the wurtzite sites (WSs) and zincblende sites (ZSs) and stick even at high temperatures. The Zn3O1, monomers resulted in a larger island size and a higher compact degree and the growth approached to the two-dimensional mode at high temperature; the film structure finalized in the single wurtzite phase structure with more vacancies, which agreed with the in situ scanning tunnel microscopy observation for the growth in Zn-rich conditions to form Zn3O1 monomers. For the Zn1O3 monomers, the transformation from ZSs to WSs was more difficult even with temperature increase and they could locate at both WSs and ZSs, consistent with the in situ reflection high energy electron diffraction for the growth in O-rich conditions to form Zn1O3 monomers. Combining the advantages of both cluster monomers, a two step-growth technique was developed by alternatively supplying Zn and O. The resultant ZnO films exhibited flat texture and uniform phase structure as indicated by the atomic steps in the STM images and the streaky RHEED patterns.973 Program [2012CB619301, 2011CB925600]; National Natural Science Foundations of China [90921002, 61076084, 61106008, 61106118]; fundamental research funds for the central universities [2011121042]; Natural Science Foundations of Fujian Province [2010J01343

Kinetic-dynamic properties of different monomers and two-dimensional homoepitaxy growth on the Zn-polar (0001) ZnO surface

Homoepitaxy ZnO monolayer growth was investigated from dynamics to kinetics taking ZnO molecules and Zn-O cluster monomers into account in the atomistic growth by first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations and compared with experimental growth by molecular beam epitaxy. Theoretically, the ZnO molecules were found to scatter equivalently on both the wurtzite sites (WSs) and zincblende sites (ZSs) and stick even at high temperatures. The Zn 3O1 monomers resulted in a larger island size and a higher compact degree and the growth approached to the two-dimensional mode at high temperature; the film structure finalized in the single wurtzite phase structure with more vacancies, which agreed with the in situ scanning tunnel microscopy observation for the growth in Zn-rich conditions to form Zn3O 1 monomers. For the Zn1O3 monomers, the transformation from ZSs to WSs was more difficult even with temperature increase and they could locate at both WSs and ZSs, consistent with the in situ reflection high energy electron diffraction for the growth in O-rich conditions to form Zn1O3 monomers. Combining the advantages of both cluster monomers, a two step-growth technique was developed by alternatively supplying Zn and O. The resultant ZnO films exhibited flat texture and uniform phase structure as indicated by the atomic steps in the STM images and the streaky RHEED patterns. 漏 2012 American Chemical Society

Application of quality control circle activities in improving accuracy of rational diet for hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus (运用品管圈提高住院糖尿病患者合理膳食精准率)

Objective To improve the accuracy of rational diet and the quality of life in hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus by using quality control circle activities. Methods The problem-solving QCC activities were carried out, and the corresponding countermeasures were formulated and implemented, including the establishment of a systematic health education model, the establishment of a multi-dimensional training system, and establishment of a perfect catering mechanism in the canteen. Results The accurate rate of rational diet in hospitalized diabetic patients increased from 45. 52% before implementation of QCC activities to 77. 99% after implementation of QCC activities. Conclusion The QCC activities can improve the accurate rate of rational diet for hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus, effectively improve the blood sugar level, improve the self-management ability, delay disease progression, and improve the quality of life. (目的 探讨品管圈活动提高住院糖尿病患者合理膳食精准率的效果, 旨在改善患者生活质量。方法 开展问题解决型品管圈活动, 通过现状分析、原因解析, 制定针对性对策并实施, 包括构建系统化健康教育模式、建立多维度培训体系、建立完善的食堂配餐机制等。结果 住院糖尿病患者合理膳食精准率从品管圈活动实施前的45. 52%提升至品管圈活动实施后的77. 99%。结论 通过品管圈活动, 能提高住院糖尿病患者合理膳食精准率, 有助于改善住院糖尿病患者的血糖水平, 提高患者自我管理能力, 延缓疾病进展, 提高生活质量。