4,117 research outputs found
Properties of Microlensing Central Perturbations by Planets in Binary Stellar Systems under the Strong Finite-Source Effect
We investigate high-magnification events caused by planets in wide binary
stellar systems under the strong finite-source effect, where the planet orbits
one of the companions. From this, we find that the pattern of central
perturbations in triple lens systems commonly appears as a combination of
individual characteristic patterns of planetary and binary lens systems in a
certain range where the sizes of the caustics induced by a planet and a binary
companion are comparable, and the range changes with the mass ratio of the
planet to the planet-hosting star. Specially, we find that because of this
central perturbation pattern, the characteristic feature of high-magnification
events caused by the triple lens systems appears in the residual from the
single-lensing light curve despite the strong finite-source effect, and it is
discriminated from those of the planetary and binary lensing events and thus
can be used for the identification of the existence of both planet and binary
companion. This characteristic feature is a simultaneous appearance of two
features. First, double negative-spike and single positive-spike features
caused by the binary companion appear together in the residual, where the
double negative spike occurs at both moments when the source enters and exits
the caustic center and the single positive spike occurs at the moment just
before the source enters into or just after the source exits from the caustic
center. Second, the magnification excess before or after the single
positive-spike feature is positive due to the planet, and the positive excess
has a remarkable increasing or decreasing pattern depending on the source
trajectory.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Gating of memory encoding of time-delayed cross-frequency MEG networks revealed by graph filtration based on persistent homology
To explain gating of memory encoding, magnetoencephalography (MEG) was analyzed over multi-regional network of negative correlations between alpha band power during cue (cue-alpha) and gamma band power during item presentation (item-gamma) in Remember (R) and No-remember (NR) condition. Persistent homology with graph filtration on alpha-gamma correlation disclosed topological invariants to explain memory gating. Instruction compliance (R-hits minus NR-hits) was significantly related to negative coupling between the left superior occipital (cue-alpha) and the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyri (item-gamma) on permutation test, where the coupling was stronger in R than NR. In good memory performers (R-hits minus false alarm), the coupling was stronger in R than NR between the right posterior cingulate (cue-alpha) and the left fusiform gyri (item-gamma). Gating of memory encoding was dictated by inter-regional negative alpha-gamma coupling. Our graph filtration over MEG network revealed these inter-regional time-delayed cross-frequency connectivity serve gating of memory encoding
Glossectomy in the severe maxillofacial vascular malformation with jaw deformity: a rare case report
Formation of visual memories controlled by gamma power phase-locked to alpha oscillations
Neuronal oscillations provide a window for understanding the brain dynamics that organize the flow of information from sensory to memory areas. While it has been suggested that gamma power reflects feedforward processing and alpha oscillations feedback control, it remains unknown how these oscillations dynamically interact. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) data was acquired from healthy subjects who were cued to either remember or not remember presented pictures. Our analysis revealed that in anticipation of a picture to be remembered, alpha power decreased while the cross-frequency coupling between gamma power and alpha phase increased. A measure of directionality between alpha phase and gamma power predicted individual ability to encode memory: stronger control of alpha phase over gamma power was associated with better memory. These findings demonstrate that encoding of visual information is reflected by a state determined by the interaction between alpha and gamma activity
The Effects of Robot Voices and Appearances on Users\u27 Emotion Recognition and Subjective Perception
As the influence of social robots in people\u27s daily lives grows, research on understanding people\u27s perception of robots including sociability, trust, acceptance, and preference becomes more pervasive. Research has considered visual, vocal, or tactile cues to express robots\u27 emotions, whereas little research has provided a holistic view in examining the interactions among different factors influencing emotion perception. We investigated multiple facets of user perception on robots during a conversational task by varying the robots\u27 voice types, appearances, and emotions. In our experiment, 20 participants interacted with two robots having four different voice types. While participants were reading fairy tales to the robot, the robot gave vocal feedback with seven emotions and the participants evaluated the robot\u27s profiles through post surveys. The results indicate that (1) the accuracy of emotion perception differed depending on presented emotions, (2) a regular human voice showed higher user preferences and naturalness, (3) but a characterized voice was more appropriate for expressing emotions with significantly higher accuracy in emotion perception, and (4) participants showed significantly higher emotion recognition accuracy with the animal robot than the humanoid robot. A follow-up study (N=10) with voice-only conditions confirmed that the importance of embodiment. The results from this study could provide the guidelines needed to design social robots that consider emotional aspects in conversations between robots and users
Comparison of MRI features and surgical outcome among the subtypes of focal cortical dysplasia
AbstractPurposeFocal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is the most common pathological diagnosis in patients who have undergone surgical treatment for intractable neocortical epilepsy. However, presurgical identification of MRI abnormalities in FCD patients remains difficult, and there are no highly sensitive imaging parameters available that can reliably differentiate among FCD subtypes. The purpose of our study was to investigate the surgical outcome in FCD patients with identifiable MRI abnormalities and to evaluate the prognostic role of the various MRI features and the characteristics of FCD pathology.MethodsWe retrospectively recruited epilepsy patients who had undergone surgical treatment for refractory epilepsy with focal MRI abnormalities and the pathological diagnosis of FCD. We evaluated the surgical outcome according to the pathological subtypes, and studied the prognostic roles of various MRI features. We used recently proposed three-tiered FCD classification system which included FCD type III when FCD occurs in association with other potentially epileptogenic pathologies.ResultsA total of 69 patients were included, and 68.1% of patients became seizure free. Patients with FCD type III had a lower chance for achieving seizure freedom (7/15) than in patients with isolated FCD (FCD types I and II) (40/54, p=0.044). Cortical thickness and blurring of grayâwhite matter junction were more common in isolated FCD than in FCD type III, but most MRI features failed to differentiate between FCD types I and II, and only the transmantle sign was specific for FCD type II. We failed to find a prognostic value of specific MRI abnormalities of prognostic value in terms of post-epilepsy surgery outcome in FCD patients.ConclusionsOur study showed that patients with FCD III have poor surgical outcome. Typical MRI features of isolated FCD such as cortical thickness and blurring of grayâwhite matter junction were less common in FCD type III and only transmantle sign was helpful in differentiating between FCD types I and II
Microlensing Detections of Planets in Binary Stellar Systems
We demonstrate that microlensing can be used for detecting planets in binary
stellar systems. This is possible because in the geometry of planetary binary
systems where the planet orbits one of the binary component and the other
binary star is located at a large distance, both planet and secondary companion
produce perturbations at a common region around the planet-hosting binary star
and thus the signatures of both planet and binary companion can be detected in
the light curves of high-magnification lensing events. We find that identifying
planets in binary systems is optimized when the secondary is located in a
certain range which depends on the type of the planet. The proposed method can
detect planets with masses down to one tenth of the Jupiter mass in binaries
with separations <~ 100 AU. These ranges of planet mass and binary separation
are not covered by other methods and thus microlensing would be able to make
the planetary binary sample richer.Comment: 5 pages, two figures in JPG forma
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