Interpretation of HRCT Scans in the Diagnosis of IPF: Improving Communication Between Pulmonologists and Radiologists.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (ILD). In this review, we describe the central role of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in the diagnosis of IPF and discuss how communication between pulmonologists and radiologists might be improved to make the interpretation of HRCT scans more effective. Clinical information is important in the interpretation of HRCT scans, as the likelihood that specific radiologic features reflect IPF is not absolute, but dependent on the clinical context. In cases where the clinical context or HRCT pattern are inconclusive, multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) between a pulmonologist and radiologist (and, where relevant, a pathologist and rheumatologist) experienced in the differential diagnosis of ILD is necessary to establish a diagnosis. While it can be challenging to convene a face-to-face meeting, MDD can be conducted virtually or by telephone to enable each specialty group to contribute. To make the MDD most effective, it is important that relevant clinical information (for example, on the patient's clinical history, exposures and the results of serological tests) is shared with all parties in advance. A common lexicon to describe HRCT features observed in ILD can also help improve the effectiveness of MDD. A working diagnosis may be made in patients who do not fulfill all the diagnostic criteria for any specific type of ILD, but this diagnosis should be reviewed at regular intervals, with repeat of clinical, radiological, and laboratory assessments as appropriate, as new information pertinent to the patient's diagnosis may become available

The Relationship between Physical Fitness and Academic Performance in College Club Sports Students

Pursuing innovative strategies to improve academic performance is an ongoing priority for many higher education institutions. One area that evidence has shown to further enhance cognitive ability, memory, and focus, but also, enhance the emotional and social well-being of students is through regular physical fitness. The importance of this study was to explore whether the benefits of physical fitness would have a similar impact on academic performance in college club sports students as it does on children as literature is limited concerning this relationship surrounding the college-aged population. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between Just Jump System® scores and Grade Point Averages in college club sports students. This study used a quantitative correlational design to address the research questions and test the hypotheses. Archival data consisting of 122 college club sports students among nine club sports teams from a private higher education institution was used for this study. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation was conducted to analyze the archival data. The analyses revealed that there was no significant relationship between the two variables for the cumulative 2019-2020 academic year, the fall 2019, and spring 2020 semesters. The findings indicate that although no significant relationship was found, the overall mean for fitness scores were all above average or higher and the overall mean for grade point averages were all greater than a 3.0. Therefore, further research is recommended in order to determine whether there is a relationship between physical fitness and academic performance within the general college population

The Guangdong Model of Urbanisation

In some parts of China – and especially in Guangdong Province in southern China – rural communities have retained ownership of much of their land when its use is converted into urban neighbourhoods or industrial zones. In these areas, the rural collectives, rather than disappearing, have converted themselves into property companies and have been re-energised and strengthened as rental income pours into their coffers. The native residents, rather than being relocated, usually remain in the village’s old residential area. As beneficiaries of the profits generated by their village collective, they have become a new propertied class, often living in middle-class comfort on their dividends and rents. How this operates – and the major economic and social ramifications – is examined through onsite research in four communities: an industrialised village in the Pearl River delta; an urban neighbourhood in Shenzhen with its own subway station, whose land is still owned and administered by rural collectives; and two villages-in-the-city in Guangzhou’s new downtown districts, where fancy housing estates and high-rise office blocks owned by village collectives are springing up alongside newly rebuilt village temples and lineage halls

2007 Supermarket Panel Report

Replaced with revised version of paper 12/16/10.Agribusiness, Industrial Organization,

A Framework for Analyzing Business Model Innovation in Mobile Commerce

The paper develops and tests a framework for evaluating mobile commerce business models and strategies. To study business model innovation in mobile commerce, we analyze the cost, revenue, and growth components of the business model. In addition, we also investigate whether the implementation of the new business model successfully capitalized on the key disruptive attributes of mobile commerce. An analytical framework is developed to guide the empirical study of the two leading mobile commerce companies in Taiwan. The empirical research indicates that the mobile commerce industry in Taiwan has been able to capitalize on many but not all of the value-adding mobile commerce disruptive attributes as well as the economic principles of the digital economy to provide mobile value. The development of mobile application services should be demand-driven and customer-focused, rather than merely supply- oriented. Mobile commerce service providers must understand the tacit consumer demand and be able to capture the full benefits of the disruptive technology and service innovation in order to achieve superior business performance

Development of a globally optimised model of the cerebral arteries

The cerebral arteries are difficult to reproduce from first principles, featuring interwoven territories, and intricate layers of grey and white matter with differing metabolic demand. The aim of this study was to identify the ideal configuration of arteries required to sustain an entire brain hemisphere based on minimisation of the energy required to supply the tissue. The 3D distribution of grey and white matter within a healthy human brain was first segmented from Magnetic Resonance Images. A novel simulated annealing algorithm was then applied to determine the optimal configuration of arteries required to supply brain tissue. The model is validated through comparison of this ideal, entirely optimised, brain vasculature with the known structure of real arteries. This establishes that the human cerebral vasculature is highly optimised; closely resembling the most energy efficient arrangement of vessels. In addition to local adherence to fluid dynamics optimisation principles, the optimised vasculature reproduces global brain perfusion territories with well defined boundaries between anterior, middle and posterior regions. This validated brain vascular model and algorithm can be used for patient-specific modelling of stroke and cerebral haemodynamics, identification of sub-optimal conditions associated with vascular disease, and optimising vascular structures for tissue engineering and artificial organ design