Análise da influência de polimorfismos presentes nos genes APO B, CETP, LPL e LIPC em uma população dislipidêmica do Rio Grande do Sul

Dislipidemia é uma desordem multifatorial causada pela interação entre fatores ambientais e genéticos. A identificação dos componentes genéticos responsáveis por essas características tem sido intensamente investigada nos últimos anos. Esses estudos têm enfocado principalmente polimorfismos nos genes que codificam proteínas estruturais e enzimas relacionadas ao metabolismo dos lipídios. Sendo assim, este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar as freqüências dos polimorfismos EcoRI, TaqI, S447X, -250G>A dos genes APOB, CETP, LPL e LIPC e investigar a interação desses polimorfismos com dados clínicos, bioquímicos e antropométricos em 119 pacientes dislipidêmicos, de uma amostra da população de Porto Alegre. Para analisar os genótipos de cada polimorfismo e sua possível influência sobre a eficácia ao tratamento com estatinas foram analisados 48 pacientes dislipidêmicos. As medidas dos níveis lipídicos foram verificadas ao longo do estudo. Utilizou-se a técnica de PCRRFLP para a realização das análises de biologia molecular. O polimorfismo -250G>A foi associado significativamente com os níveis de HDL-C. Para análises não ajustadas, os portadores do alelo G aumentaram mais o nível de HDL-C (P=0,004) que os indivíduos homozigotos AA, considerando que o genótipo AA apresentou níveis de TG mais elevados (P=0,017) que os indivíduos com genótipo GG ou GA. Para níveis de TG esses resultados mantiveram-se para análises ajustadas, com elevados níveis de TG para indivíduos com genótipo AA em comparação aos indivíduos com genótipo GG ou GA (P=0,073). Diferenças entre os genótipos no percentual de variação nos níveis lipídicos foram observadas para os polimorfismos LIPC e LPL. Depois de ajustadas por covariáveis, os indivíduos com genótipo GA ou AA apresentaram uma redução maior do nível de CT, comparados com os indivíduos com o genótipo GG (-26,4% ± 15,5 vs. -18,2% ± 11,8, P=0,034). Para análises não ajustadas, os indivíduos com o alelo G do polimorfismo LPL S447X mostraram um aumento dos níveis de HDL-C comparados com os indivíduos com o genótipo CC (13,8% VS. 3,3%, P=0,047). Depois de ajustadas por covariáveis, a significância do efeito desse polimorfismo foi observada para o nível de CT. O percentual da média de redução no nível de CT foi maior nos indivíduos homozigotos CC que os indivíduos com o alelo G (-26,6% ± 13,6 vs -20,5% ±13,6, P=0,046). Nossos dados sugerem uma associação do polimorfismo LIPC -250G>A com níveis de HDL-C e TG, para análises não ajustadas, mas para análises não ajustadas por covariáveis a associação manteve-se para níveis de TG. Nós também encontramos associação significante dos polimorfismos LIPC -250G>A e LPL S447X na resposta ao tratamento com estatinas. Esses resultados podem ser explicados através de vários fatores, tais como: gênero, estrogênio, IMC e outras variáveis que possam interferir no efeito dos polimorfismos sobre os níveis lipídicos e resposta ao tratamento.Dyslipidemia is a multifactorial disorder caused by an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The identification of the genetic component of this traits have been intensively investigated in the last year. These studies focused mainly on polymorphism in genes coding for structural proteins and enzymes related to lipid metabolism. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the frequencies of the polymorphisms EcoRI, TaqIB, S447X and (-250G>A) of the APOB, CETP, LPL and LIPC genes with clinical, biochemical, anthropometrics data of the one hundred and nineteen patients with dyslipidemia in a sample of Southern Brazilian population. To determine the genotype association with response to statin treatment, only 48 individuals were enrolled for analysis. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins were measured before and throughout the study. PCR-RFLP method was used for molecular biology analysis. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins were measured before and throughout the study. Baseline lipid and lipoprotein parameters were compared among APOB EcoRI, CETP TaqIB, LPL S447X (G>C) and LIPC -250G>A genotypes after genotyping by PCR and restriction mapping. Data from forty-eight patients with statin treatment were used to pharmacogenetic statistical analyses. The LIPC -250G>A polymorphism was significantly associated with HDL-C. For unadjusted levels, carriers of the G allele had higher HDL-C concentrations (P=0.004) than AA homozygotes, whereas AA genotype had higher TG concentrations (P=0.073) than GG and GA genotypes. For TG levels the same results were observed for adjusted data, with higher TG concentrations in AA homozygotes than GG and GA genotypes (P=0.017). Differences among genotypes in the percentage variation in lipid and lipoprotein concentrations for LIPC and LPL polymorphism were observed. After adjustment for covariates, GA and AA carriers genotypes showed a greater reduction in total cholesterol compared than GG genotype (-26.4% ± 15.5 vs. -18.2% ± 11.8, P=0.034). For unadjusted data, G allele carriers for LPL S447X gene polymorphism showed a greater HDLcholesterol increase compared to CC subjects (13.8% vs. 3.3%, P = 0.047). After adjustment for covariates, a significant effect of this polymorphism was observed for change in TC levels. The mean percent reduction in TC was greater in CC homozygotes than in G carriers (-26.6% ± 13.6 vs. -20.5% ± 13.6, P=0.046). Our data suggest an association of LIPC -250G>A gene polymorphism with HDL-C and TG concentrations for unadjusted data, but not after adjustment for covariates. For TG concentrations the associations was maintained after adjustment. We also found a significant effect dependent of covariates of LIPC and LPL polymorphisms on statin treatment response. These results can be explained on the basis of there being several factors such as gender, estrogens, BMI and other variables that can modulate the effect of gene polymorphisms on the lipid in lipoprotein concentration and treatment response

Análise da influência de polimorfismos presentes nos genes APO B, CETP, LPL e LIPC em uma população dislipidêmica do Rio Grande do Sul

Dislipidemia é uma desordem multifatorial causada pela interação entre fatores ambientais e genéticos. A identificação dos componentes genéticos responsáveis por essas características tem sido intensamente investigada nos últimos anos. Esses estudos têm enfocado principalmente polimorfismos nos genes que codificam proteínas estruturais e enzimas relacionadas ao metabolismo dos lipídios. Sendo assim, este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar as freqüências dos polimorfismos EcoRI, TaqI, S447X, -250G>A dos genes APOB, CETP, LPL e LIPC e investigar a interação desses polimorfismos com dados clínicos, bioquímicos e antropométricos em 119 pacientes dislipidêmicos, de uma amostra da população de Porto Alegre. Para analisar os genótipos de cada polimorfismo e sua possível influência sobre a eficácia ao tratamento com estatinas foram analisados 48 pacientes dislipidêmicos. As medidas dos níveis lipídicos foram verificadas ao longo do estudo. Utilizou-se a técnica de PCRRFLP para a realização das análises de biologia molecular. O polimorfismo -250G>A foi associado significativamente com os níveis de HDL-C. Para análises não ajustadas, os portadores do alelo G aumentaram mais o nível de HDL-C (P=0,004) que os indivíduos homozigotos AA, considerando que o genótipo AA apresentou níveis de TG mais elevados (P=0,017) que os indivíduos com genótipo GG ou GA. Para níveis de TG esses resultados mantiveram-se para análises ajustadas, com elevados níveis de TG para indivíduos com genótipo AA em comparação aos indivíduos com genótipo GG ou GA (P=0,073). Diferenças entre os genótipos no percentual de variação nos níveis lipídicos foram observadas para os polimorfismos LIPC e LPL. Depois de ajustadas por covariáveis, os indivíduos com genótipo GA ou AA apresentaram uma redução maior do nível de CT, comparados com os indivíduos com o genótipo GG (-26,4% ± 15,5 vs. -18,2% ± 11,8, P=0,034). Para análises não ajustadas, os indivíduos com o alelo G do polimorfismo LPL S447X mostraram um aumento dos níveis de HDL-C comparados com os indivíduos com o genótipo CC (13,8% VS. 3,3%, P=0,047). Depois de ajustadas por covariáveis, a significância do efeito desse polimorfismo foi observada para o nível de CT. O percentual da média de redução no nível de CT foi maior nos indivíduos homozigotos CC que os indivíduos com o alelo G (-26,6% ± 13,6 vs -20,5% ±13,6, P=0,046). Nossos dados sugerem uma associação do polimorfismo LIPC -250G>A com níveis de HDL-C e TG, para análises não ajustadas, mas para análises não ajustadas por covariáveis a associação manteve-se para níveis de TG. Nós também encontramos associação significante dos polimorfismos LIPC -250G>A e LPL S447X na resposta ao tratamento com estatinas. Esses resultados podem ser explicados através de vários fatores, tais como: gênero, estrogênio, IMC e outras variáveis que possam interferir no efeito dos polimorfismos sobre os níveis lipídicos e resposta ao tratamento.Dyslipidemia is a multifactorial disorder caused by an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The identification of the genetic component of this traits have been intensively investigated in the last year. These studies focused mainly on polymorphism in genes coding for structural proteins and enzymes related to lipid metabolism. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the frequencies of the polymorphisms EcoRI, TaqIB, S447X and (-250G>A) of the APOB, CETP, LPL and LIPC genes with clinical, biochemical, anthropometrics data of the one hundred and nineteen patients with dyslipidemia in a sample of Southern Brazilian population. To determine the genotype association with response to statin treatment, only 48 individuals were enrolled for analysis. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins were measured before and throughout the study. PCR-RFLP method was used for molecular biology analysis. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins were measured before and throughout the study. Baseline lipid and lipoprotein parameters were compared among APOB EcoRI, CETP TaqIB, LPL S447X (G>C) and LIPC -250G>A genotypes after genotyping by PCR and restriction mapping. Data from forty-eight patients with statin treatment were used to pharmacogenetic statistical analyses. The LIPC -250G>A polymorphism was significantly associated with HDL-C. For unadjusted levels, carriers of the G allele had higher HDL-C concentrations (P=0.004) than AA homozygotes, whereas AA genotype had higher TG concentrations (P=0.073) than GG and GA genotypes. For TG levels the same results were observed for adjusted data, with higher TG concentrations in AA homozygotes than GG and GA genotypes (P=0.017). Differences among genotypes in the percentage variation in lipid and lipoprotein concentrations for LIPC and LPL polymorphism were observed. After adjustment for covariates, GA and AA carriers genotypes showed a greater reduction in total cholesterol compared than GG genotype (-26.4% ± 15.5 vs. -18.2% ± 11.8, P=0.034). For unadjusted data, G allele carriers for LPL S447X gene polymorphism showed a greater HDLcholesterol increase compared to CC subjects (13.8% vs. 3.3%, P = 0.047). After adjustment for covariates, a significant effect of this polymorphism was observed for change in TC levels. The mean percent reduction in TC was greater in CC homozygotes than in G carriers (-26.6% ± 13.6 vs. -20.5% ± 13.6, P=0.046). Our data suggest an association of LIPC -250G>A gene polymorphism with HDL-C and TG concentrations for unadjusted data, but not after adjustment for covariates. For TG concentrations the associations was maintained after adjustment. We also found a significant effect dependent of covariates of LIPC and LPL polymorphisms on statin treatment response. These results can be explained on the basis of there being several factors such as gender, estrogens, BMI and other variables that can modulate the effect of gene polymorphisms on the lipid in lipoprotein concentration and treatment response

Association of CYP7A1 -278A>C polymorphism and the response of plasma triglyceride after dietary intervention in dyslipidemic patients

We investigated the effect of the -278A>C polymorphism in the CYP7A1 gene on the response of plasma lipids to a reduced-fat diet for 6 to 8 weeks in a group of 82 dyslipidemic males with a mean age of 46.0 ± 11.7 years. Individuals who presented at least one high alteration in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or triglyceride values were considered to be dyslipidemic. Exclusion criteria were secondary dyslipidemia due to diabetes mellitus, renal, liver, or thyroid disease. None of the subjects were using lipid-lowering medication. Baseline and follow-up lipid concentrations were measured. The genotypes were determined by the digestion of PCR products with the BsaI restriction endonuclease. There were statistically significant reductions in plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations after dietary intervention. The minor allele C has a frequency of 43%. Carriers of the C allele had significantly lower triglyceride concentrations (P = 0.02) than AA homozygotes. After adjustment of covariates, subjects with the AC and CC genotypes showed a greater reduction in triglyceride concentrations compared to subjects with the AA genotype. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the AC and CC CYP7A1 genotypes accounted for 5.2 and 6.2% of triglyceride concentration during follow-up and adjusted percent of change of triglyceride concentration, respectively. The present study provides evidence that -278A>C polymorphism in the CYP7A1 gene can modify triglyceride concentrations in response to a reduced fat diet in a dyslipidemic male population. This gene represents a potential locus for a nutrigenetic directed approach

Association of CYP7A1 -278A>C polymorphism and the response of plasma triglyceride after dietary intervention in dyslipidemic patients

We investigated the effect of the -278A>C polymorphism in the CYP7A1 gene on the response of plasma lipids to a reduced-fat diet for 6 to 8 weeks in a group of 82 dyslipidemic males with a mean age of 46.0 ± 11.7 years. Individuals who presented at least one high alteration in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or triglyceride values were considered to be dyslipidemic. Exclusion criteria were secondary dyslipidemia due to diabetes mellitus, renal, liver, or thyroid disease. None of the subjects were using lipid-lowering medication. Baseline and follow-up lipid concentrations were measured. The genotypes were determined by the digestion of PCR products with the BsaI restriction endonuclease. There were statistically significant reductions in plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations after dietary intervention. The minor allele C has a frequency of 43%. Carriers of the C allele had significantly lower triglyceride concentrations (P = 0.02) than AA homozygotes. After adjustment of covariates, subjects with the AC and CC genotypes showed a greater reduction in triglyceride concentrations compared to subjects with the AA genotype. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the AC and CC CYP7A1 genotypes accounted for 5.2 and 6.2% of triglyceride concentration during follow-up and adjusted percent of change of triglyceride concentration, respectively. The present study provides evidence that -278A>C polymorphism in the CYP7A1 gene can modify triglyceride concentrations in response to a reduced fat diet in a dyslipidemic male population. This gene represents a potential locus for a nutrigenetic directed approach