Trabeculetomy combined with implantation of silicon rubber slice for refractory glaucoma

AIM: To evaluate the effect of trabecular filtration surgery combined with scleral interlayer filled with silicon rubber for refractory glaucoma and its complications.<p>METHODS: A total of 32 cases(32 eyes)of refractory glaucoma underwent trabecular filtration surgery combined with sclera interlayer filled silicone piece, namely trabeculectomy combined silicon rubber filled in sclera between layers was as experimental group. Twenty-one cases(21 eyes)treated by simple trabecular filtration surgery were as control group. Reducing effect of intraocular pressure(IOP)and complications of two groups were observed after operation.<p>RESULTS: Postoperative follow-up was 6-24 months. The mean IOP was 14.36±5.2mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)in experimental group and 23.36±9.3mmHg in control group after operation. IOP of three eyes(9.4%)in experimental group and 5 eyes(23.8%)in control group was over 30mmHg. There was no serious complications and rejection correlated with silicone piece during the follow-up period.<p>CONCLUSION:Silicone piece filled between sclera layer is an effective method for refractory glaucoma, and can effectively reduce IOP. Due to its economic, convenient, especially can replace expensive imported drainage plant figure treatment of refractory glaucoma in our country the grass-roots hospital, it should be widely applied

Design and performance of an ultrahigh vacuum spectroscopic-imaging scanning tunneling microscope with a hybrid vibration isolation system

A spectroscopic imaging-scanning tunneling microscope (SI-STM) allows the atomic scale visualization of surface electronic and magnetic structure of novel quantum materials with high energy resolution. To achieve the optimal performance, low vibration facility is required. Here, we describe the design and the performance of an ultrahigh vacuum STM system supported by a hybrid vibration isolation system that consists of a pneumatic passive and a piezoelectric active vibration isolation stages. The STM system is equipped with a 1K pot cryogenic insert and a 9 Tesla superconducting magnet, capable of continuous SI-STM measurements for 7 days. A field ion microscopy system is installed for in situ STM tip treatment. We present the detailed vibrational noise analysis of the hybrid vibration isolation system and demonstrate the performance of our STM system by taking high resolution spectroscopic maps and topographic images on several quantum materials. Our results establish a new strategy to achieve an effective vibration isolation system for high-resolution STM and other scanning probe microscopy to investigate the nanoscale quantum phenomena

Inhibition effect of cardiotonic pills on venous thrombosis induced in rat mesentery by photochemical reaction

Abstract. This paper was aimed to explore the inhibition effect of cardiotonic pills (CP) on venous thrombosis induced in rat mesentery by photochemical stimulation (PS). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with urethane. Thrombosis was induced in the mesenteric venule by PS with photosensitizer hematoporphyrin and an ultraviolet beam. The rats were divided into three groups: control (n = 6), PS (n = 6) and PS + CP group (n = 6) where CP solution (0.4 g/kg.b) was administrated orally 60 min before PS. Microcirculatory disturbances in the mesentery were observed under an inverted microscope with a color video-camera. Based on the recorded images, the development of thrombosis was evaluated in term of time of thrombosis appearance (Ta) and area ratio of thrombus/vessel (AR). The expression of adhesion molecule (CD31) of platelet was examined in blood taken from the abdominal aorta, using flow cytometry. The Ta was approximately 10 seconds after PS in PS group, but it was approximately 20 seconds in PS + CP group. The AR in PS + CP group was significantly reduced, compared to that in PS group, during the period of the observation. The CD31 expression was not changed in both groups, while positive cells were significantly increased in the number. It is suggested that CP might suppress thrombus development under the interaction of platelet with endothelium

Wolfberry genomes and the evolution of Lycium (Solanaceae)

AbstractWolfberry Lycium, an economically important genus of the Solanaceae family, contains approximately 80 species and shows a fragmented distribution pattern among the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Although several herbaceous species of Solanaceae have been subjected to genome sequencing, thus far, no genome sequences of woody representatives have been available. Here, we sequenced the genomes of 13 perennial woody species of Lycium, with a focus on Lycium barbarum. Integration with other genomes provides clear evidence supporting a whole-genome triplication (WGT) event shared by all hitherto sequenced solanaceous plants, which occurred shortly after the divergence of Solanaceae and Convolvulaceae. We identified new gene families and gene family expansions and contractions that first appeared in Solanaceae. Based on the identification of self-incompatibility related-gene families, we inferred that hybridization hotspots are enriched for genes that might be functioning in gametophytic self-incompatibility pathways in wolfberry. Extremely low expression of LOCULE NUBER (LC) and COLORLESS NON-RIPENING (CNR) orthologous genes during Lycium fruit development and ripening processes suggests functional diversification of these two genes between Lycium and tomato. The existence of additional flowering locus C-like MADS-box genes might correlate with the perennial flowering cycle of Lycium. Differential gene expression involved in the lignin biosynthetic pathway between Lycium and tomato likely illustrates woody and herbaceous differentiation. We also provide evidence that Lycium migrated from Africa into Asia, and subsequently from Asia into North America. Our results provide functional insights into Solanaceae origins, evolution and diversification.</jats:p

Potential of Core-Collapse Supernova Neutrino Detection at JUNO

JUNO is an underground neutrino observatory under construction in Jiangmen, China. It uses 20kton liquid scintillator as target, which enables it to detect supernova burst neutrinos of a large statistics for the next galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN) and also pre-supernova neutrinos from the nearby CCSN progenitors. All flavors of supernova burst neutrinos can be detected by JUNO via several interaction channels, including inverse beta decay, elastic scattering on electron and proton, interactions on C12 nuclei, etc. This retains the possibility for JUNO to reconstruct the energy spectra of supernova burst neutrinos of all flavors. The real time monitoring systems based on FPGA and DAQ are under development in JUNO, which allow prompt alert and trigger-less data acquisition of CCSN events. The alert performances of both monitoring systems have been thoroughly studied using simulations. Moreover, once a CCSN is tagged, the system can give fast characterizations, such as directionality and light curve

Detection of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with JUNO

As an underground multi-purpose neutrino detector with 20 kton liquid scintillator, Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is competitive with and complementary to the water-Cherenkov detectors on the search for the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). Typical supernova models predict 2-4 events per year within the optimal observation window in the JUNO detector. The dominant background is from the neutral-current (NC) interaction of atmospheric neutrinos with 12C nuclei, which surpasses the DSNB by more than one order of magnitude. We evaluated the systematic uncertainty of NC background from the spread of a variety of data-driven models and further developed a method to determine NC background within 15\% with {\it{in}} {\it{situ}} measurements after ten years of running. Besides, the NC-like backgrounds can be effectively suppressed by the intrinsic pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities of liquid scintillators. In this talk, I will present in detail the improvements on NC background uncertainty evaluation, PSD discriminator development, and finally, the potential of DSNB sensitivity in JUNO

Real-time Monitoring for the Next Core-Collapse Supernova in JUNO

Core-collapse supernova (CCSN) is one of the most energetic astrophysical events in the Universe. The early and prompt detection of neutrinos before (pre-SN) and during the SN burst is a unique opportunity to realize the multi-messenger observation of the CCSN events. In this work, we describe the monitoring concept and present the sensitivity of the system to the pre-SN and SN neutrinos at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), which is a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector under construction in South China. The real-time monitoring system is designed with both the prompt monitors on the electronic board and online monitors at the data acquisition stage, in order to ensure both the alert speed and alert coverage of progenitor stars. By assuming a false alert rate of 1 per year, this monitoring system can be sensitive to the pre-SN neutrinos up to the distance of about 1.6 (0.9) kpc and SN neutrinos up to about 370 (360) kpc for a progenitor mass of 30$M_{\odot}$ for the case of normal (inverted) mass ordering. The pointing ability of the CCSN is evaluated by using the accumulated event anisotropy of the inverse beta decay interactions from pre-SN or SN neutrinos, which, along with the early alert, can play important roles for the followup multi-messenger observations of the next Galactic or nearby extragalactic CCSN.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figure

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis