Incumbents’ attitude toward intrafamily succession:an investigation of its antecedents

Incumbents’ attitude toward intrafamily succession (IFS) is a critical individual-level determinant of family firms’ IFS intention, which is, in turn, an important component of family business essence. Knowledge about its antecedents, however, is fragmented and very limited. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior and general attitude literature, hypotheses about the situational and individual antecedents of family firm incumbents’ attitude toward IFS were developed and tested with a sample of 274 Italian family firm incumbents. Results show that incumbents’ attitude toward IFS is indeed influenced by both situational and individual antecedents as well as by their interactions

Counterpoint:How heterogeneity among family firms influence organizational change

Kotlar and Chrisman (2018) examine how family involvement influences organizational change resulting in change behaviour distinctive from that of non-family firms. Family firms, however, are heterogeneous in terms of their goals, governance, and resources; therefore, the behavioural distinctions proposed by Kotlar and Chrisman are not common to all family firms. In this article, we briefly discuss these sources of heterogeneity and their implications for organizational change and change management in family firms

Social structures, social relationships and family firms

In this introduction we observe that the study of social structures and social relationships constitute a common theme among the articles and commentaries contained within this special issue on Theories of Family Enterprise. Individuals and organizations are embedded in complex networks of social organization and exchange. Within business enterprises, familial relationships engender unique goals, governance structures, resources, and outcomes. We discuss these relationships, potential research directions, and the contributions made by the articles and commentaries. In so doing, we expand the literature on how social structures and social relationships affect the behavior and performance of family firms

Management processes and strategy execution in family firms: from “what” to “how”

The distinctiveness of family firms’ goals, structures, resources, strategies, and performance has been studied in terms of what family firms do or are able to achieve that are different from those of nonfamily firms. This dominant approach to studying family firm behavior has contributed significantly to our understanding of such organizations. Currently, however, we know little about how family firm decisions are made and the processes by which family firms plan and execute. We develop a conceptual framework and set out an agenda for future research on how the distinctive/unique interaction between the business and the family influences the management processes by which family firms implement their strategies

A Single Nucleotide in Stem Loop II of 5′-Untranslated Region Contributes to Virulence of Enterovirus 71 in Mice

BACKGROUND: Enterovirus 71 (EV71) has emerged as a neuroinvasive virus responsible for several large outbreaks in the Asia-Pacific region while virulence determinant remains unexplored. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this report, we investigated increased virulence of unadapted EV71 clinical isolate 237 as compared with isolate 4643 in mice. A fragment 12 nucleotides in length in stem loop (SL) II of 237 5'-untranslated region (UTR) visibly reduced survival time and rate in mice was identified by constructing a series of infectious clones harboring chimeric 5'-UTR. In cells transfected with bicistronic plasmids, and replicon RNAs, the 12-nt fragment of isolate 237 enhanced translational activities and accelerated replication of subgenomic EV71. Finally, single nucleotide change from cytosine to uridine at base 158 in this short fragment of 5'-UTR was proven to reduce viral translation and EV71 virulence in mice. Results collectively indicated a pivotal role of novel virulence determinant C158 on virus translation in vitro and EV71 virulence in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: These results presented the first reported virulence determinant in EV71 5'-UTR and first position discovered from unadapted isolates

Long Term Corporate Bonds As An Investment Medium.

PhDBusiness communityUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/189513/2/7707889.pd

Asian family enterprises and family business research

This article discusses some of the notable trends in family business research. The critical role of context in building usable knowledge on family enterprises is highlighted. The Asia Pacific region offers a plethora of unique opportunities to build such knowledge as illustrated by some articles in this Special Issue. Families and their enterprises are integral to all Asia Pacific countries. However, the heterogeneity of institutional development and conditions in which these enterprises must operate offer unique research opportunities for scholars to build deeper understanding of family enterprises and contribute to the global knowledge in this important field of study

EFFECT OF DEPTH OF INHALATION ON AEROSOL PERSISTENCE DURING BREATH HOLDING

To determine the effect of depth of inhalation on aerosol persistence in the respiratory tract during breath holding, an aerosol bolus was inhaled, followed by 200-800 ml of clean air to a lung volume slightly below TLC. The breath was then held from 0.5 to 20 sec, after which a forced exhalation was made and aerosol recovery was measured as a fraction of that inhaled. In this way persistence was measured as a function of inhaled volume and of time of breath holding for six normal subjects. The bolus results were then compared with those for complete aerosol inhalations in which persistence was measured in the same way. Results on each subject by the two procedures agreed well, but there were considerable differences between subjects. It was concluded that depth of inhalation has a greater effect on persistence than would be predicted from some current lung models.#B017303

Family firm challenges in intergenerational wealth transfer

Family firm owners accumulate economic and noneconomic wealth that they may wish to transfer to the next generation. Their challenges in doing so include: what, to whom, when, and how to transfer this wealth. The decisions made and actions taken will impact behavior and performance as well as the type and amount of wealth eventually transferred. The articles and commentaries in this special issue address some of these challenges, specifically the what of family firm legacy, the who of willing intra–family successors, and the how of both family and business destabilization and re–stabilization after a major strategic move as illustrated by internationalization