Masculinity in the post-war western : John Wayne and Clint Eastwood

Together, John Wayne and Clint Eastwood are the most prominent defining icons of the Western genre. As resonant American cultural icons, their respective images are determined by, and signify, aspects of Americanism, the Western, and masculinity. By examining the gendered identities adopted by Wayne and Eastwood in their Westerns, I hope to identify the extent to which their characterisationss, panning the historical periods marked by the Westerns! prominence, decline, and ultimate fall, attest to the cultural underpinning of the genre's representation of gender, revealing the manner in which a definitively American genre offered portrayals of gender that resonated in the wider American culture. Following a review of critical work undertaken on the genre, masculinity , and stars,I will proceed to examine the negotiation of masculinity in the roles played by Wayne and Eastwood in the Western from 1948 to 1976 in the case of the former, and 1964 to 1992 in the case of the latter. With reference to the structural approach adopted for each star, Eastwood's films invite a chronological analysis, owing to the chronological development of his screen persona, in which the Eastwood hero is variously typified as broadly parodic, castrated, vengeful, and paradoxical; Wayne's films evidence an oscillating type of characterisation, which for the most part defies a chronological analysis. Consequently, his films from 1948 to 1963 will be addressed in a non-linear, thematic fashion, based on the alternately 'good' and 'bad', or coherent and incoherent, representations of the paternal identity which formed the determining aspect of Wayne's persona. His post- 1969 films, which invite a more chronological analysis, will be separately considered as evidencing a more stable representation oIf the paternal identity. The Shoolist, as Wayne's last film, will be considered on an individual basis. While Wayne and Eastwood portray very different 'types' of the Western hero, as the alternative structural approaches described above suggests, the resonance of their gendered representations unites them, and merits a sustained analysis of both.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Technology stragegy and business development at a semiconductor equipment company : a process definition and case study of a new technology

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-100).by Christopher Lance Durham.S.M.M.B.A

Extensions of Veech groups I: A hyperbolic action

Given a lattice Veech group in the mapping class group of a closed surface $S$, this paper investigates the geometry of $\Gamma$, the associated $\pi_1S$--extension group. We prove that $\Gamma$ is the fundamental group of a bundle with a singular Euclidean-by-hyperbolic geometry. Our main result is that collapsing ``obvious'' product regions of the universal cover produces an action of $\Gamma$ on a hyperbolic space, retaining most of the geometry of $\Gamma$. This action is a key ingredient in the sequel where we show that $\Gamma$ is hierarchically hyperbolic and quasi-isometrically rigidity.Comment: 43 pages, 6 figures. New title and major revision splitting the paper into two parts. This part consists of the first half of the original (arXiv:2006.16425v1) plus a new section about the homogeneous Euclidean-by-hyperbolic model geometry of these surface bundles. The proof of hierarchical hyperbolicity has been moved into part II, which also contains new results on quasi-isometric rigidit

Design of an 8-40 GHz Antenna for the Wideband Instrument for Snow Measurements (WISM)

Measurement of land surface snow remains a significant challenge in the remote sensing arena. Developing the tools needed to remotely measure Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) is an important priority. The Wideband Instrument for Snow Measurements (WISM) is being developed to address this need. WISM is an airborne instrument comprised of a dual-frequency (X- and Ku-bands) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and dual-frequency (K- and Ka-bands) radiometer. A unique feature of this instrument is that all measurement bands share a common antenna aperture consisting of an array feed reflector that covers the entire bandwidth. This paper covers the design and fabrication of the wideband array feed which is based on tightly coupled dipole arrays. Implementation using a relatively new multi-layer microfabrication process results in a small, 6x6 element, dual-linear polarized array with beamformer that operates from 8 to 40 gigahertz

Design of an 8-40 GHz Antenna for the Wideband Instrument for Snow Measurements (WISM)

This poster describes the implementation of a 6x6 element, dual linear polarized array with beamformer that operates from about 8-40 GHz. It is implemented using a relatively new multi-layer microfabrication process. The beamformer includes baluns that feed dual-polarized differential antenna elements and reactive splitters that cover the full frequency range of operation. This fixed beam array (FBA) serves as the feed for a multi-band instrument designed to measure snow water equivalent (SWE) from an airborne platform known as the Wideband Instrument for Snow Measurements (WISM)

Impact of operative indication and surgical complexity on outcomes after thoracic endovascular aortic repair at National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Centers

IntroductionThoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) devices are increasingly being utilized to treat aortic pathologies outside of the original Food & Drug Administration (FDA) approval for nonruptured descending thoracic aorta aneurysms (DTAs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients undergoing TEVAR, elucidating the role of surgical and pathologic variables on morbidity and mortality.MethodsNational Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) data were reviewed for all patients undergoing endovascular thoracic aorta repair from 2005 to 2007. The patients' operative indication and surgical complexity were used to divide them into study and control populations. Comorbid profiles were assessed utilizing a modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Thirty-day occurrences of mortality and serious adverse events (SAEs) were used as study endpoints. Univariate and multivariate models were created using demographic and clinical variables to assess for significant differences in endpoints (P ≤ .05).ResultsA total of 440 patients undergoing TEVAR were identified. When evaluating patients based on operative indication, the ruptured population had increased mortality and SAE rates compared to the nonruptured DTA population (22.6% vs 6.2%;P < .01 and 35.5% vs 9.1%;P < .01, respectively). Further analysis by surgical complexity revealed increased mortality and SAE rates when comparing the brachiocephalic aortic debranching population to the noncovered left subclavian artery population (23.1% vs 6.5%; P = .02 and 30.8% vs 9.1%; P < .01, respectively). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that operative indication was not a correlate of mortality or SAEs (odds ratio [OR], 0.95; P = .92 and OR, 1.42; P = .39, respectively); however, brachiocephalic aortic debranching exhibited a deleterious effect on mortality (OR, 8.75; P < .01) and SAE rate (OR, 6.67; P = .01).ConclusionThe operative indication for a TEVAR procedure was not found to be a predictor of poor patient outcome. Surgical complexity, specifically the need for brachiocephalic aortic debranching and aortoiliac conduit, was shown to influence the occurrence of SAEs in a multivariate model. Comparative data, such as these, illustrate real-world outcomes of patients undergoing TEVAR outside of the original FDA-approved indications. This information is of paramount importance to various stakeholders, including third-party payers, the device industry, regulatory agencies, surgeons, and their patients

Experimental characterization of photoemission from plasmonic nanogroove arrays

Metal photocathodes are an important source of high-brightness electron beams, ubiquitous in the operation of both large-scale accelerators and table-top microscopes. When the surface of a metal is nano-engineered with patterns on the order of the optical wavelength, it can lead to the excitation and confinement of surface plasmon polariton waves which drive nonlinear photoemission. In this work, we aim to evaluate gold plasmonic nanogrooves as a concept for producing bright electron beams for accelerators via nonlinear photoemission. We do this by first comparing their optical properties to numerical calculations from first principles to confirm our ability to fabricate these nanoscale structures. Their nonlinear photoemission yield is found by measuring emitted photocurrent as the intensity of their driving laser is varied. Finally, the mean transverse energy of this electron source is found using the solenoid scan technique. Our data demonstrate the ability of these cathodes to provide a tenfold enhancement in the efficiency of photoemission over flat metals driven with a linear process. We find that these cathodes are robust and capable of reaching sustained average currents over 100 nA at optical intensities larger than 2 GW/cm$^2$ with no degradation of performance. The emittance of the generated beam is found to be highly asymmetric, a fact we can explain with calculations involving the also asymmetric roughness of the patterned surface. These results demonstrate the use of nano-engineered surfaces as enhanced photocathodes, providing a robust, air-stable source of high average current electron beams with great potential for industrial and scientific applications.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figure