Durabilité des sols et systèmes de récolte : le rôle clé des acteurs. Compte rendu de l’atelier 2

L’atelier 2 Durabilité des sols et systèmes de récolte : le rôle clé des acteurs a rassemblé dix-huit personnes qui ont exploré la façon dont la durabilité des sols forestiers est prise en compte par les acteurs de la filière forêtbois, et comment cette durabilité des sols pourrait mieux l’être lors de la récolte et du reboisement. Trois retours d’expérience ont aussi été présentés. Des solutions techniques et organisationnelles ont prouvé leur efficacité, d’autres essais ont connu des échecs. Les voies de progrès concernent : les techniques de chantiers ; la sensibilisation, l’organisation et la formation des acteurs ; la prise en charge des coûts directs et indirects

TBVAC2020 : advancing tuberculosis vaccines from discovery to clinical development

TBVAC2020 is a research project supported by the Horizon 2020 program of the European Commission (EC). It aims at the discovery and development of novel tuberculosis (TB) vaccines from preclinical research projects to early clinical assessment. The project builds on previous collaborations from 1998 onwards funded through the EC framework programs FP5, FP6, and FP7. It has succeeded in attracting new partners from outstanding laboratories from all over the world, now totaling 40 institutions. Next to the development of novel vaccines, TB biomarker development is also considered an important asset to facilitate rational vaccine selection and development. In addition, TBVAC2020 offers portfolio management that provides selection criteria for entry, gating, and priority settings of novel vaccines at an early developmental stage. The TBVAC2020 consortium coordinated by TBVI facilitates collaboration and early data sharing between partners with the common aim of working toward the development of an effective TB vaccine. Close links with funders and other consortia with shared interests further contribute to this goal

TBVAC2020: Advancing tuberculosis vaccines from discovery to clinical development

TBVAC2020 is a research project supported by the Horizon 2020 program of the European Commission (EC). It aims at the discovery and development of novel tuberculosis (TB) vaccines from preclinical research projects to early clinical assessment. The project builds on previous collaborations from 1998 onwards funded through the EC framework programs FP5, FP6, and FP7. It has succeeded in attracting new partners from outstanding laboratories from all over the world, now totaling 40 institutions. Next to the development of novel vaccines, TB biomarker development is also considered an important asset to facilitate rational vaccine selection and development. In addition, TBVAC2020 offers portfolio management that provides selection criteria for entry, gating, and priority settings of novel vaccines at an early developmental stage. The TBVAC2020 consortium coordinated by TBVI facilitates collaboration and early data sharing between partners with the common aim of working toward the development of an effective TB vaccine. Close links with funders and other consortia with shared interests further contribute to this goal

Essai de définition des critères anthropométriques au recrutement de sapeurs-pompiers volontaires : une étude qualitative

Médecine généraleRésumé : la médecine d’aptitude dans les Services Départementaux d’Incendie et de Secours (SDIS) représente, avec le secours médical, une des missions du médecin sapeur-pompier (MSP). Le MSP exerce dans le cadre réglementaire du décret du 26 janvier 2013 modifié, introduisant une notion pour le candidat sapeur-pompier de « critères anthropométriques compatibles avec l’exercice de la profession ». Cette notion, remplace celle basée antérieurement sur une limite sous toise fixée à 1,60 mètres. La décision d’une aptitude médicale reste à l’appréciation globale du MSP, dont les implications sur une aptitude aux missions de sapeurs-pompiers ont été mises en perspective avec les données de la littérature. Nous nous sommes proposés ici, de recueillir les représentations de personnels encadrants (Chef d’Agrès) à travers une démarche d’étude qualitative. L’objectif était d’identifier des éléments de définition communs de ces critères, utilisables au cours du recrutement des sapeurs-pompiers volontaires.Summary : Aptitude medicine in the Departmental Fire and Rescue Services (SDIS) represents, with medical assistance, one of the missions of the doctor firefighter. The fire brigade doctor operates within the regulatory framework of the amended decree of 26 January 2013, introducing a notion for the firefighter candidate of "anthropometric criteria compatible with the exercise of the profession". This notion replaces the one previously based on a size limit of 1.60 metres. The decision on medical fitness remains at the overall appreciation of the MSP, whose implications on an aptitude for firefighting missions have been put into perspective with the data in the literature. We have proposed here, to collect the representations of supervising staff (Chef d'Agrès) through a qualitative study process. The objective was to identify some elements for a definition of these criteria that could be used during the recruitment of volunteer firefighters

The cell death response to the ROS inducer, cobalt chloride, in neuroblastoma cell lines according to p53 status.

International audienceCobalt chloride (CoCl2), a hypoxia-mimetic agent, induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, leading to cell death. Divergent data have been reported concerning p53 implication in this apoptotic mechanism. In this study, we studied cobalt-induced cell death in neuroblastoma cell lines carrying wild-type (WT) p53 ( SHSY5Y) and a mutated DNA-binding domain p53 [SKNBE(2c)]. CoCl2 induced an upregulation of p53, p21 and PUMA expression in WT cells but not in SKNBE(2c). In SHSY5Y cells, p53 serine-15 phosphorylation appeared early (6 h) in the mitochondria, and also in the nucleus after 12 h. In contrast, in SKNBE(2c) cells, the slight nuclear signal disappeared with CoCl2 treatment. In SHSY5Y cells, a mitochondrial pathway dependent on caspases [collapse of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (∆Ψmt), caspase 3 and 9 activation], was activated in a time-dependent manner. SKNBE(2c) cells exhibited a delay in the cell death executive phase linked to a caspase-independent pathway, involving apoptosis inducing factor nuclear translocation, but also an autophagic process attested by LC3-II expression and cathepsin-B activation. The downregulation of p53 in SHSY5Y cells by siRNA induced a cell death pathway related to the one observed in SKNBE(2c) cells. Finally, CoCl2 induced time-dependent canonical p53 mitochondrial apoptosis in the WT p53 cell line, and caspase-independent cell death in cells with a mutated or KO p53

The P-Glycoprotein 170: Just a Multidrug Resistance Protein or a Protean Molecule?

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Mitochondrial localization and activity of P-glycoprotein in doxorubicin-resistant K562 cells

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