Influence de la négociation interculturelle sur la performance commerciale des producteurs de noix de cajou au Nord-Bénin

<p>Le but de cette étude est d'analyser l'effet de la pratique de la négociation interculturelle dans le commerce international sur la performance commerciale des producteurs de noix d'anacarde. Par la technique d'échantillonnage en boule de neige et par sondage, les données ont été collectées auprès d'un échantillon de 300 producteurs d'anacarde dans 04 communes au Nord-Bénin (Parakou, Tchaourou, Kandi, Gogounou). A partir du logiciel STATA 15, une estimation économique a été réalisée à cet effet. Au terme des résultats, il ressort que les variables comme<i> </i>le respect de la tradition dans les échanges (75%), l'adaptation aux pratiques culturelles dans les échanges (65%), la connaissance des langues dans les échanges (85%), la   maîtrise de la communication culturelle (72%), l'accès aux crédits et le genre, influencent le chiffre d'affaires annuellement réalisé par les producteurs d'anacarde dans le commerce international des produits tropicaux.</p&gt

Propriétés biologiques et pharmacologiques de Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth en médecine traditionnelle humaine et vétérinaire

Kigelia africana, or sausage tree, is a plant widely used in the management of human and animal diseases for a very long time. The objective of this study is to synthesize the knowledge on its biological and pharmacological properties. To achieve this, specific keywords were used to explore scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Researchgate, Scorpus and Springer. The data obtained show that the different parts (barks, leaves, flowers, stems, fruits, roots) are used for the treatment of skin, fungal, cancerous, gynecological, malarial, diabetic, pneumonic, psoriasis, eczema, boils, leprosy, syphilis, constipation, tapeworm infestation, jaundice, ulcers and wounds. The pharmacological activities of the different extracts as well as the compounds isolated from the plant are reported as analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, nematicidal, antiamoebic, antiviral, antitrypanosomal, anticonvulsant, nutritive, antimalarial, antidiarrheal, anticancer, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, cosmetic and healing. Phytochemical analyses have revealed the presence of a wide range of secondary metabolites (flavonoid, quinones, phenolic compounds, coumarins, alkanes, unsaturated fatty acids). The different potentialities of this plant open the prospect of evaluating its effectiveness in the control of parasitic blood diseases of livestock, especially trypanosomiasis. Keywords: Biological properties, Kigelia africana, Traditional medicine, Pharmacological activities, Phytochemical analysisKigelia africana , ou arbre à saucisses, est une plante très utilisée dans la gestion des affections humaines et animales depuis très longtemps dans le monde. L’objectif de cette étude est de faire une synthèse des connaissances sur ses propriétés biologiques et pharmacologiques. Pour y arriver des mots clés spécifiques ont été utilisés pour explorer les bases de données scientifiques comme PubMed, Google Scholar, Researchgate, Scorpus et Springer. Les données obtenues montrent que les différentes parties (écorces, feuilles, fleurs, tige fruits, racines) sont utilisées pour le traitement des affections cutanées, fongiques, cancéreuses, gynécologiques, paludiques, diabétiques, pneumoniques, le psoriasis, l'eczéma, les furoncles, la lèpre, la syphilis, la constipation, l'infestation par le ténia, la jaunisse, les ulcères et les plaies. Les activités pharmacologiques des différents extraits ainsi que des composés isolés de la plante sont rapportées comme analgésiques, antipyrétiques, anti-inflammatoires, hépatoprotectrices, antidiabétiques, antibactériennes, antifongiques, nématicides, antiamibiennes, antivirales, antitrypanosomiennes, anticonvulsives, nutritives, antiamibiennes, antipaludéennes, antidiarrhéiques, anticancéreuses, antioxydantes, aphrodisiaques, cosmétiques et cicatrisantes. Les analyses phytochimiques ont révélé la présence d'une large gamme de métabolites secondaires (flavonoïde, quinones, composés phénoliques, coumarines, alcanes, acides gras insaturés). Les différentes potentialités de cette plante ouvrent la perspective d’évaluer son efficacité dans le contrôle des maladies parasitaires sanguines du bétail, spécialement les trypanosomoses. Mots clés: Propriétés biologiques, Kigelia africana, Médecine traditionnelle, Activités pharmacologiques, Analyses phytochimique

Ethnoveterinary survey of trypanocidal medicinal plants of the beninese pharmacopoeia in the management of bovine trypanosomosis in North Benin (West Africa)

Cattle breeding is of great socio-economic importance for Benin's cattle farmers in general and those of North Benin in particular. The objective of this study is to inventory the natural products of medicinal plants of the Beninese pharmacopoeia for the management of trypanosomes in cattle in North Benin. The methodology consisted of individual and semi-structured interviews with cattle farmers on the use of medicinal plants. A total of 360 cattle farmers were selected and interviewed in twelve villages in four municipalities (Tchaourou, N'dali, Bembèrèkè and Gogounou) in northern Benin. Different quantitative ethnobotanical indices were calculated to determine the level of use of plant species. The Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), the Informant Consensus Factor (ICF = 0.918) and the Generic Coefficient (Rg = 1.04) were evaluated. The knowledge of medicinal plants was influenced by the level of education and the main activity of those who practiced animal husbandry. The results yielded 48 medicinal plants for veterinary use belonging to 46 genera and 28 families. The Leguminosae family (12.50%) was the most represented. The most cited plants with a RFC above 10% were K. senegalensis, P. africana, K. africana, M. inermis, S. latifolius, M. polyandra. The parts used were leaves (46.15%); barks (24.62%) and roots (15.38%). Decoction (53.23%), plundering (32.26%) and maceration (11.26%) were the main methods of preparation. The administration was mainly by oral route. The calculated indices show a high diversity of medicinal plants with trypanocidal properties in the control of cattle trypanosomosis in the Sudanese and Sudano-Guinean zones of northern Benin. Plant species with high citation and RFC values should be selected for comprehensive pharmacological and phytochemical research to validate this ethnomedical knowledge in the management of cattle trypanosomosis

Variation of Body Measurements in Borgou Cattle Breed in North Benin, West Africa

Studying body development in animals is an essential component for improving their production. The objective of this study was to study body measurements with regard to sex and age in Borgou cattle breed reared at the Okpara Breeding Farm. Data were collected on 244 animals (including 114 males and 120 females) distributed in 0-6, 6-12, 12-24, 24-36, 36-48 and >48 months classes. Data were compared using Student t-test in R software. The results showed that age had a very significant effect (p<0.001) on all measurements. For age groups 0-6, 6-12, 12-24 and >48 months, males presented higher values for body measurements ​​than females on the measurements (p<0.05). However, for 24-36 months, the values ​​of measurements such as Height at the withers, Height at the sacrum, Distance from the Head until the Ischium, Body length, Head length, Pelvic width, Head width, and Chest Perimeter were higher in females (p<0.05). Over 48 months, only the values ​​obtained for Pelvic width were significantly higher in females (p<0.001). The results of this study can be used in selection and genetic improvement processes of Borgou cattle to improve the contribution of cattle farming to agricultural GDP in Benin