Global lokal - Skalierende Netzwerke im katholischen Milieu von der "Heidenmission" bis zur "Solidarität in der Einen Welt"

Seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts fand die Idee der sogenannten "Heidenmission" tausende begeisterte Anhänger*innen, die als Mitglieder von Missionsorden in der ganzen Welt tätig wurden. Mit dem Fokus auf das katholische Oldenburger Münsterland wird in diesem Artikel anhand verschiedener biographischer Quellen translokalen Verflechtungen nachgegangen und exemplarisch nach deren Bedeutung gefragt, die innerhalb der (Europäischen) Ethnologie bisher nur wenig beachtet wurden.Since the mid-19th century, the idea of the so called heathen mission has attracted thousands of enthusiastic followers actively working as members of missionary orders all over the world. On the basis of biographical sources translocal interconnections are being explored in this article with a focus on the Oldenburger Münsterland and exemplarily questioned as to their significance

Das Ländliche als kulturelle Kategorie: aktuelle kulturwissenschaftliche Perspektiven auf Stadt-Land-Beziehungen

Das Ländliche hat Konjunktur. Zwischen medialer »Landlust« und realem Strukturwandel in den ländlichen Räumen Europas differenziert es sich dynamisch aus. Idylle oder Problemregion? Arbeitsort oder Freizeitpark? Repräsentationen und lebensweltliche Erfahrungen des Ländlichen avancieren zu einem alltagskulturellen Konfliktfeld, auf dem sich vor einem historischen Hintergrund elementare Problemlagen der Gegenwart und die Komplexität von kulturellen Land-Stadt-Beziehungen spiegeln.Die Beiträge des Bandes liefern hierzu Einsichten aus der Forschungsperspektive der Europäischen Ethnologie und rahmen das Thema damit für historische und gegenwartsbezogene Kulturanalysen begrifflich, methodisch und theoretisch

S02_1 Global local - Scaling Networks in the Catholic Milieu from "Heidenmission" to Solidarity

Seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts fand die Idee der sogenannten ›Heidenmission‹ tausende begeisterte Anhänger*innen, die als Mitglieder von Missionsorden in der ganzen Welt tätig wurden. Mit dem Fokus auf das katholische Oldenburger Münsterland wird in diesem Artikel anhand verschiedener biographischer Quellen translokalen Verflechtungen nachgegangen und exemplarisch nach deren Bedeutung gefragt, die innerhalb der (Europäischen) Ethnologie bisher nur wenig beachtet wurden.Since the mid-19th century, the idea of the so called heathen mission has attracted thousands of enthusiastic followers actively working as members of missionary orders all over the world. On the basis of biographical sources translocal interconnections are being explored in this article with a focus on the Oldenburger Münsterland and exemplarily questioned as to their significance

PAN-EARTH Sub-Saharan Africa Workshop Report

Report on the PAN-EARTH Sub-Saharan Africa Workshop. This workshop focused on the effects of global climate changes on the agriculture and ecology of the countries of sub-Saharan Africa

Selective Remembering: Minorities and the Remembrance of the First World War in Britain and Germany

Remembering the war dead, so historical writing suggests, was considerably easier for the victors than for the vanquished. Yet, as this essay suggests, this strict dichotomy was not quite as rigid as the historiography implies. In both Britain and Germany, ethnic, religious and national minorities did play some role in nascent memory cultures. However, while some groups were remembered, other minorities, such as Britain’s African troops or Germany’s Polish soldiers, were all too often missing from the commemorative landscape. The absence of minorities from the remembrance process, then, had less to do with the outcome of the war, but was rather contingent on place, time and the minority group in question

Effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on risk of death in west African, HIV-infected adults with high CD4 cell counts: long-term follow-up of the Temprano ANRS 12136 trial

Background: Temprano ANRS 12136 was a factorial 2 × 2 trial that assessed the benefits of early antiretroviral therapy (ART; ie, in patients who had not reached the CD4 cell count threshold used to recommend starting ART, as per the WHO guidelines that were the standard during the study period) and 6-month isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in HIV-infected adults in Côte d'Ivoire. Early ART and IPT were shown to independently reduce the risk of severe morbidity at 30 months. Here, we present the efficacy of IPT in reducing mortality from the long-term follow-up of Temprano. Methods: For Temprano, participants were randomly assigned to four groups (deferred ART, deferred ART plus IPT, early ART, or early ART plus IPT). Participants who completed the trial follow-up were invited to participate in a post-trial phase. The primary post-trial phase endpoint was death, as analysed by the intention-to-treat principle. We used Cox proportional models to compare all-cause mortality between the IPT and no IPT strategies from inclusion in Temprano to the end of the follow-up period. Findings: Between March 18, 2008, and Jan 5, 2015, 2056 patients (mean baseline CD4 count 477 cells per μL) were followed up for 9404 patient-years (Temprano 4757; post-trial phase 4647). The median follow-up time was 4·9 years (IQR 3·3–5·8). 86 deaths were recorded (Temprano 47 deaths; post-trial phase 39 deaths), of which 34 were in patients randomly assigned IPT (6-year probability 4·1%, 95% CI 2·9–5·7) and 52 were in those randomly assigned no IPT (6·9%, 5·1–9·2). The hazard ratio of death in patients who had IPT compared with those who did not have IPT was 0·63 (95% CI, 0·41 to 0·97) after adjusting for the ART strategy (early vs deferred), and 0·61 (0·39–0·94) after adjustment for the ART strategy, baseline CD4 cell count, and other key characteristics. There was no evidence for statistical interaction between IPT and ART (pinteraction=0·77) or between IPT and time (pinteraction=0·94) on mortality. Interpretation: In Côte d'Ivoire, where the incidence of tuberculosis was last reported as 159 per 100 000 people, 6 months of IPT has a durable protective effect in reducing mortality in HIV-infected people, even in people with high CD4 cell counts and who have started ART. Funding: National Research Agency on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS)

Effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on risk of death in west African, HIV-infected adults with high CD4 cell counts: long-term follow-up of the Temprano ANRS 12136 trial

International audienc

Building capacity for sustainable research programmes for cancer in Africa

Cancer research in Africa will have a pivotal role in cancer control planning in this continent. However, environments (such as those in academic or clinical settings) with limited research infrastructure (laboratories, biorespositories, databases) coupled with inadequate funding and other resources have hampered African scientists from carrying out rigorous research. In September 2012, over 100 scientists with expertise in cancer research in Africa met in London to discuss the challenges in performing high-quality research, and to formulate the next steps for building sustainable, comprehensive and multi-disciplinary programmes relevant to Africa. This was the first meeting among five major organizations: the African Organisation for Research and Training in Africa (AORTIC), the Africa Oxford Cancer Foundation (AfrOx), and the National Cancer Institutes (NCI) of Brazil, France and the USA. This article summarizes the discussions and recommendations of this meeting, including the next steps required to create sustainable and impactful research programmes that will enable evidenced-based cancer control approaches and planning at the local, regional and national levels