BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER in PATIENTS WITH OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER: PREVALENCE and CLINICAL CORRELATES

Background the prevalence, sociodemographic aspects, and clinical features of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in patients with obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD) have been previously addressed in primarily relatively small samples. Methods We performed a cross-sectional demographic and clinical assessment of 901 OCD patients participating in the Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders. We used the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders; Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale; Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DY-BOCS); Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale; Clinical Global Impression Scale; and Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Results the lifetime prevalence of BDD was 12.1%. the individuals with comorbid BDD (OCD-BDD; n = 109) were younger than were those without it. in addition, the proportions of single and unemployed patients were greater in the OCD-BDD group. This group of patients also showed higher rates of suicidal behaviors; mood, anxiety, and eating disorders; hypochondriasis; skin picking; Tourette syndrome; and symptoms of the sexual/religious, aggressive, and miscellaneous dimensions. Furthermore, OCD-BDD patients had an earlier onset of OC symptoms; greater severity of OCD, depression, and anxiety symptoms; and poorer insight. After logistic regression, the following features were associated with OCD-BDD: current age; age at OCD onset; severity of the miscellaneous DY-BOCS dimension; severity of depressive symptoms; and comorbid social phobia, dysthymia, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and skin picking. Conclusions Because OCD patients might not inform clinicians about concerns regarding their appearance, it is essential to investigate symptoms of BDD, especially in young patients with early onset and comorbid social anxiety, chronic depression, skin picking, or eating disorders. Depression and Anxiety 29: 966-975, 2012. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Univ São Paulo, Obsessive Compuls Spectrum Disorders Project, Projeto Transtornos Espectro Obsessivo Compulsivo, Dept & Inst Psychiat,Sch Med,Fac Med, BR-01060970 São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista UNESP, Botucatu Med Sch, Dept Neurol Psychol & Psychiat, Botucatu, SP, BrazilUFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, BR-01060970 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Psychol, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Sch Med, Inst Psychiat, Anxiety & Depress Res Program, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Dept Stat, Inst Math & Stat, BR-01060970 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Psychol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo

O transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (TOC) é um quadro psiquiátrico caracterizado pela presença de obsessões e compulsões. Sua prevalência é de aproximadamente 2% a 3% na população geral. Os fatores genéticos estão provavelmente implicados na etiologia do transtorno. Os estudos realizados sugerem que há diferentes subtipos de TOC: TOC com história familiar positiva para TOC, TOC "esporádico" e TOC associado com a tiques. Os estudos de gêmeos mostram uma alta concordância de TOC entre gêmeos monozigóticos. Em alguns estudos de famílias observou-se um maior risco para TOC entre os familiares de pacientes com TOC. Os estudos de análise de segregação sugerem o envolvimento de um gene de efeito maior na etiologia do transtorno. Através de estudos moleculares, diferentes grupos de pesquisadores vêm tentando a localizar um possível gene envolvido na etiologia do TOC.<br>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by the presence of obsessions and compulsions. Its prevalence in the general population is around 2 to 3%. Genetic factors are probably involved in its etiology. Studies suggest there are different subtypes of OCD: OCD with a positive family history of OCD, sporadic OCD, and OCD related to tics. Twin studies show a high concordance rate for monozygotic twins. Some of the family studies observed a higher risk for OCD among relatives of OCD patients. Segregation analysis studies suggest the possible role of a major gene effect in the etiology of the disorder. By means of molecular studies, several investigators have been trying to find a gene involved in the etiology of OCD