BULLYING BEYOND THE CLASSROOM: GRADE AND GENDER DIFFERENCES IN CYBERBULLYING IN GRADES FOUR THROUGH EIGHT

The present study was conducted to investigate the grade and gender differences in cyberbullying in students from grades four through eight. It was predicted that females would experience cyberbullying and engage in cyberbullying more often than their male counterparts. It was also predicted that as the students progressed from grade four through to grade eight, the frequency of cyberbullying would increase. Data from a previous study in a large Southwestern Ontario school board was analyzed to investigate these hypotheses. Results indicated that cyberbullying was more frequent for female students than male students and also for the older students compared to the younger students. The results are discussed in terms of the relevance to previous findings. Implications for prevention programs in schools and suggestions for future research are discussed

Screening Techniques for Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that affects more than 55 million Americans. By the year 2050, experts project this disease will have increased three fold. Many screening techniques have been investigated to detect this disease early and begin treatment to slow its progression. The purpose of this study was to explore which medical modalities are the most effective for screening of Alzheimer’s disease. This literature review includes three databases, including PubMed, CINHAL, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Topics that were researched include: cognitive screening tests, neuroimaging, laboratory diagnostic testing, DNA, and combined studies. Research was conducted from October 8, 2017 to January 3, 2018. All resources were published within the last ten years. Limitations and strengths were considered within each modality. In each category, the following were found to be the most effective in screening for Alzheimer’s disease: cognitive screening tests: MOST and MoCA testing; neuroimaging: PET scanning; laboratory diagnostic testing: biomarkers; DNA: DNA methylation and APOE genotyping; and combined studies: PET scanning. This review demonstrates that there are many screening modalities available to providers. This allows providers to choose their screening technique based on their site’s availability, provider preference, and cost

Patterns of Traumatic Injury in Historic African and African American Populations

For my master’s thesis project titled, “Patterns of Traumatic Injury in Historic African and African American Populations,” I examined trauma incidence in American slave and free populations. The objectives of this study were (1) to present frequency and distribution analysis of injuries in each sample, (2) to create cross tabulations to show similarities and differences in each site and compare these results to between, (3) interpret the frequency and distribution of injuries from a cultural aspect, to better understand the violence and physical demands endured by American slaves and freeborn African American. Most of the skeletal samples used in this research have been reinterred. Therefore, this research is based off the observations and interpretations of researchers and data found in published papers. Unfortunately, during the time when most of these remains were examined there existed no universal research method when analyzing skeletal material. Each researcher used his or her own method for analyzing remains; some being more detailed then others. Because of this, this study contains basic information about each site including: site name, total number of individuals examined in each site, total number of individuals observed with fractures, total number of fractures observed in each site, sex of the individuals, which bone(s) were injured, if the injury occurred ante or peri mortem, which are slave communities and which are free populations. Whenever possible a mechanism such as accident, violent encounter or occupational-related injury, was assigned to each injury. For this study trauma was defined as dislocations, fractures, muscle pulls, blunt force trauma and puncture wounds. All bones were examined. There has been a lot of research attempting to reconstruct historic African American lifeways in anthropology. Most of this research consists of analyzing overall health of the populations studied. This study is important because there is not a lot of research specifically on trauma analysis of slave and free populations that discuss the physical demands of slavery as well as slave mistreatment. Due in large part to small sample sizes and fragmentary conditions of slave and African American skeletal series available for study, there is no effective means to measure the biological brutality of slavery. This study is intended to evoke interest in trauma studies in historic African and African American populations. As more studies of trauma in African American populations emerge, more comparisons can be made resulting in important questions being answered about the past. Studies of trauma distribution and frequency patterning in African American populations are essential for addressing questions about human adaptation to physical, environmental, and social constraints

Screening Techniques for Alzheimer\u27s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that affects more than 55 million Americans. By the year 2050, experts project this disease will have increased three fold. Many screening techniques have been investigated to detect this disease early and begin treatment to slow its progression. The purpose of this study was to explore which medical modalities are the most effective for screening of Alzheimer’s disease. This literature review includes three databases, including PubMed, CINHAL, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Topics that were researched include: cognitive screening tests, neuroimaging, laboratory diagnostic testing, DNA, and combined studies. Research was conducted from October 8, 2017 to January 3, 2018. All resources were published within the last ten years. Limitations and strengths were considered within each modality. In each category, the following were found to be the most effective in screening for Alzheimer’s disease: cognitive screening tests: MOST and MoCA testing; neuroimaging: PET scanning; laboratory diagnostic testing: biomarkers; DNA: DNA methylation and APOE genotyping; and combined studies: PET scanning. This review demonstrates that there are many screening modalities available to providers. This allows providers to choose their screening technique based on their site’s availability, provider preference, and cost.https://commons.und.edu/pas-grad-posters/1006/thumbnail.jp

Student Files: Their Use in the Informal Evaluation of Writing

This paper is based on a second internship which took place at the TASIS school in England over the summer of 1983. I adapted a set of materials-­ student files--in an effort to establish a means of regular and informal evaluation of students\u27 writing. Each student had a file which contained written evaluations of her assignments based on her strengths and weak­nesses and how well she met the criterion which had been set for the assignment. The major issues discussed in this paper are how the files evolved with regard to implementing informal evaluation, setting criteria and getting students to use mistakes as a tool for learning

CRIMINAL RISK FACTORS AMONG JUSTICE-INOLVED VETERANS

Veterans of the U.S. Armed Force face a multitude of problems stemming from the unfortunate consequences of combat. In a report from The Institute of Medicine (2010), the negative outcomes experienced by veterans after combat service include, but are not limited to, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depression, suicide, substance-use disorders, unemployment, homelessness, and incarceration. Given the nexus between veterans’ mental health issues and criminal justice involvement, the incarceration of the nation’s veterans has created an opportunity for veteran-specific rehabilitation programs and courts as an alternative to punitive sentencing. However, research identifying criminogenic needs of justice involved veterans (JIV) is relatively new and the literature examining this unique population of veterans is incomplete. The Central Eight, criminogenic risk factors, have been studied on a wide array of offender groups, yet currently no study exists that examines all Central Eight risk factors within a JIV population. Considering the growing population of JIVs, research is needed to maximize the utilization of criminal justice resources and divert veterans into specific rehabilitative programing if necessary. This study extends the current literature of the Central Eight to justice-involved veterans by examining the relationship between risk factors (i.e. Criminal History, Procriminal Attitudes, Procriminal Associates, Antisocial Personality Pattern, Family/Marital, School/Work, Substance Abuse, and Leisure/Recreation) on group membership (i.e., JIVs or non-veteran offender). Additionally, the relationship between criminal thinking styles and veteran’s justice involvement will be explored. Results from this study will be used to inform veteran specific criminal justice programing

High throughput sequencing in acute lymphoblastic leukemia reveals clonal architecture of central nervous system and bone marrow compartments

No abstract available