Health and Wellness: The Shift From Managing Illness to Promoting Health

Examines the rise in health plan initiatives to promote wellness as a way for employers to manage costs and to engage employees in their own healthcare decisions through wellness activities, behavior modification programs, and health risk assessments

Geometric approach to Fletcher's ideal penalty function

Original article can be found at: www.springerlink.com Copyright Springer. [Originally produced as UH Technical Report 280, 1993]In this note, we derive a geometric formulation of an ideal penalty function for equality constrained problems. This differentiable penalty function requires no parameter estimation or adjustment, has numerical conditioning similar to that of the target function from which it is constructed, and also has the desirable property that the strict second-order constrained minima of the target function are precisely those strict second-order unconstrained minima of the penalty function which satisfy the constraints. Such a penalty function can be used to establish termination properties for algorithms which avoid ill-conditioned steps. Numerical values for the penalty function and its derivatives can be calculated efficiently using automatic differentiation techniques.Peer reviewe

A Study of Underground Cable as Applied to a Single-phase Circuit and a Paralleled Overhead-underground Single-phase Circuit

Growing concern for the preservation of the natural beauty of this country has spurred the development of underground cable. Overhead circuits, which once cluttered the landscape, are being retired and underground circuits are being installed. At new development sites, whether rural or urban, the question of installing underground circuits is being considered. The advantage of added beauty is not the only favorable consideration for underground distribution systems. In the Midwest, the unpredictable weather often becomes a formidable opponent of the electric utility. Since the underground cable is buried in the earth, the hazards of wind, ice, and lightning are either eliminated or reduced considerably. The added advantage of service quality is augmented by the increased safety of underground systems. There are no poles to be struck by out-of-control vehicles, no live wires lying on the ground to endanger citizens, and no overhead lines to be snagged by large equipment. However, to simply state the advantages of underground distribution systems would be misleading. The.re are disadvantages which, through added research, hopefully can be resolved. The major disadvantage in employing underground systems is cost. To simply revise all of the existing overhead systems by installing underground systems would virtually be an impossibility. Therefore, if there is to be a revision of existing systems, it will have to be a gradual process. The other disadvantage of underground distribution is its inaccessibility in case of a fault. Research is being carried out to develop new methods of fault location. Once these methods are established, part of the problem of inaccessibility can be reduced. Research in the area of underground cable is an expanding field. The never-ending goal of decreasing the cost of cable has resulted in various new designs. The concentric neutral underground cable is one of these designs. The purpose of this thesis is to make a study of a single-phase underground circuit comprised of this concentric neutral cable, and a study of a single-phase underground system that is physically paralleled with a single-phase overhead circuit. Formulas will be developed for the inductance and capacitance of each of these cases. These formulas will be developed, based on the assumption that all of the phase current returns in the neutral conductor. An equivalent circuit will be proposed for each of these cases, and numerical values for each of the circuit parameters will be calculated. Finally, solutions will be obtained using formulas which take into account the earth-return path. Values which are obtained from these formulas will be checked with data measured in the field

Opinions and Sources of Information and Influence of South Dakota High School Guidance Counselors Concerning South Dakota Colleges and Universities

The purpose of this study is to determine the opinions of South Dakota high school guidance counselors with respect to South Dakota colleges and universities, to determine their sources of information about various colleges and universities, and to identify factors which may influence counselors’ opinions of a college or university. Results of this study will: a) contribute to our understanding of the dynamics of information seeking by high school students concerning college choice, and b) serve college and university administrators in their efforts to provide prospective students with better, more effective, information about their institution’s programs and offerings

Small-scale mass estimates for Neumann eigenfunctions: piecewise smooth planar domains

Let $\Omega$ be a piecewise-smooth, bounded convex domain in $\R^2$ and consider $L^2$-normalized Neumann eigenfunctions $\phi_{\lambda}$ with eigenvalue $\lambda^2$. Our main result is a small-scale {\em non-concentration} estimate: We prove that for {\em any} $x_0 \in \overline{\Omega},$ (including boundary and corner points) and any $\delta \in [0,1),$ $$\| \phi_\lambda \|_{B(x_0,\lambda^{-\delta})\cap \Omega} = O(\lambda^{-\delta/2}).$$ The proof is a stationary vector field argument combined with a small scale induction argument.Comment: This is an expanded version of the first half of the preprint arXiv:2012.15237 [math.AP] by the same author

Inelastic neutron scattering study on the resonance mode in an optimally doped superconductor LaFeAsO0.92_{0.92}F0.08_{0.08}

An optimally doped iron-based superconductor LaFeAsO$_{0.92}$F$_{0.08}$ with $T_c = 29$ K has been studied by inelastic powder neutron scattering. The magnetic excitation at $Q=1.15$ \AA$^{-1}$ is enhanced below $T_c$, leading to a peak at $E_{res}\sim13$ meV as the resonance mode, in addition to the formation of a gap at low energy below the crossover energy $\Delta_{c}\sim10 meV$. The peak energy at $Q=1.15$ \AA$^{-1}$ corresponds to $5.2 k_B T_c$ in good agreement with the other values of resonance mode observed in the various iron-based superconductors, even in the high-$T_c$ cuprates. Although the phonon density of states has a peak at the same energy as the resonance mode in the present superconductor, the $Q$-dependence is consistent with the resonance being of predominately magnetic origin.Comment: 4 pages, 5 Postscript figure