"Har velfærdsstaten (haft) ét køn?"

The essay is a slightly revised paper submitted at a seminar on Men in a Gender Perspective at the University og Copenhagen in 1999. As a starting point Niels Finn Christiansen suggests that three distinct periods, with changing relationsships between state and market, between private and public, and between gender and class are decisive in relation to the assesment of gender and class are decisive in relation to the assesment of gender and power in the Welfare State. In the first period up till 1914 market relations dominated, and women lacked political and public rights. In the second period, the interwar perios, a paradox emerged around women's formal public rights and the consolidation of the male breadwinner family. During the third period of the 1950s and 1960s women entered the public sphere as workers and as individual receipients of welfare facilities. Finally it is suggested that the result has been a win-win situation - a development in which both men and women have prospered

Influence of tool texture on friction and lubrication in strip reduction

Tool texturing is studied as a method to enhance lubrication and prevent the occurrence of galling. Strip reduction test tools manufactured with longitudinal, shallow pocket geometries oriented perpendicular to the sliding direction are tested. The pockets have small angles to the workpiece surface and varying distance. The experiments show an optimum distance between the pockets to exist that creates table mountain topography with flat plateaus and narrow pockets in between. If the flat plateaus are too narrow, an increase in drawing load and pick-up on the tool plateaus is observed. The same occurs for too wide plateaus. A theoretical friction model supports the experimental findings of an optimum distance between the pockets, where the contribution to friction by mechanical interlocking of the strip in the pockets is limited and lubrication of the plateaus is enhanced by micro-plasto-hydrodynamic lubrication