Cross-country comparison of the replacement incentives of the EU ETS in 2008-12: the case of the power sector

In this paper, we conduct a cross-country quantitative analysis of the replacement incentives generated by the EU ETS for the power sector in 2008-12. In order to do so, the allocation rules of the Member States are applied to concrete reference power plants for three different fuel types (lignite, hard coal and gas). Based on these calculations, we compare installation-specific replacement in-centives across the Member States. Our analysis shows that replacement incentives vary significantly across Member States and typically deviate from the incentives provided in the reference case of full auctioning. Furthermore, the EU ETS allocation rules lead to perverse incentives in approximately 30% of the possible replacement options. Only 5 MS do not provide any perverse incentives. Finally, we explore the link between replacement incentives and allocation types. Based on our findings, we derive policy recommendations for the design of emission trading schemes emerging around the world. --EU emission trading scheme (EU ETS),replacement,adoption,diffusion,power sector,allocation rules

Prediction of high-Tc conventional superconductivity in the ternary lithium borohydride system

We investigate the superconducting ternary lithium borohydride phase diagram at pressures of 0 and 200 GPa using methods for evolutionary crystal structure prediction and linear-response calculations for the electron-phonon coupling. Our calculations show that the ground state phase at ambient pressure, LiBH4, stays in the Pnma space group and remains a wide band-gap insulator at all pressures investigated. Other phases along the 1:1:x Li:B:H line are also insulating. However, a full search of the ternary phase diagram at 200 GPa revealed a metallic Li2BH6 phase, which is thermodynamically stable down to 100 GPa. This superhydride phase, crystallizing in a Fm¯3m space group, is characterized by sixfold hydrogen-coordinated boron atoms occupying the fcc sites of the unit cell. Due to strong hydrogen-boron bonding this phase displays a critical temperature of ∼100K between 100 and 200 GPa. Our investigations confirm that ternary compounds used in hydrogen-storage applications should exhibit high-Tc conventional superconductivity in diamond anvil cell experiments, and suggest a viable route to optimize the superconducting behavior of high-pressure hydrides, exploiting metallic covalent bonds

Maatregelen van het activeringsbeleid voor jonge langdurige werklozen zonder werkervaring: een evaluatie

Dit onderzoek (Cockx et al., 2004) heeft betrekking op een populatie van jonge achtergestelde werkzoekenden en heeft de impact geëvalueerd van twee activeringsmaatregelen gericht op de inschakeling in de arbeidsmarkt en de tewerkstellingsduur: het Voordeelbanenplan (VBP) en de Inkomensgarantie-uitkering (IGU)

Overactive bladder: the importance of tailoring treatment to the individual patient

In opdracht van Stichting Maritiem nederland uitgevoerd door Policy research Corporation N.V

Episomal replication timing of γ-herpesviruses in latently infected cells

AbstractThis study addresses the timing of gammaherpesviral episomal DNA replication with respect to the cell cycle. For the first time we analyzed a rhadinovirus, the prototype Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS), and compared it to the lymphocryptovirus Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Newly synthesized DNA of latently infected B- or T-cells was first BrdU-labeled; then we sorted the cells corresponding to cell cycle phases G0/1, G2/M, and S (4 fractions S1–S4) and performed anti-BrdU chromatin immunoprecipitation. Next, DNA of different viral gene loci was quantitatively detected together with cellular control genes of known replication time. The sensitive technique is further enhanced by an internal coprecipitation standard for increased precision. Both gammaherpesviruses replicated very early in S-phase, together with cellular euchromatin. Our work suggests that early S-phase DNA replication is a general characteristic of episomal herpesviral genomes

A Research Agenda on the Family for the European Union

Information brochure No. 2 on the main outcomes of FAMILYPLATFOR