3 research outputs found
A Comparative Study of the Canine Tooth as a Tool in Gender Determination in Nigerian Population
Dental evidence has been demonstrated as a major forensic tool for the identification of individuals and sex determination.
The objective of the research was to determine sex in Delta Ibo ethnic group of Nigeria using the mandibular and maxillary canine teeth.
Materials and methods. The study comprised 201 (100 males and 101 females) subjects of Delta Ibo ethnicity at the age of 17 – 25 years. The mesiodistal crown width and intercanine distance of both the maxillary and mandibular canines were measured intraorally using a pair of dividers and a ruler. Unpaired T-test at a probability value of p<0.05 was used to ascertain the mean significant differences between the male and female canine indices.
Results. Study results showed a statistically significant difference between male and female mandibular and maxillary canine mesiodistal width. This implied a sexual and reversed sexual dimorphism in the studied population.
Conclusions. The study confirmed that the canines of Delta Ibos exhibit sexual dimorphism like other populations and the maxillary canine indices give the most accurate prediction in sex determination
The effects of aqueous extract of ocimum gratissimum on the cerebellum of male wistar rats challenged by lead acetate
Objectives: Lead acetate (LA) is a known toxicant, and its exposure
in the environment has been on the increase in recent times,
leading to oxidative stress and tissue damage. Based on this
background, we investigated the role of the antioxidative properties of Ocimum gratissimum (OG), a potent medicinal plant, in
ameliorating and protecting the brain from lead acetate-induced
cerebellar damage via the assessment of oxidative stress parameters and brain histology.
Methods: Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats weighing 145e200g
divided into five groups were used for this experimental study.
Groups 1, 2, and 3 served as positive and negative controls and
were administered sterile water, 252.98 mg/kg body weight of
aqueous leaves extract of OG and 120 mg/kg of LA for 21 days.
Furthermore, following the administration of LA, rats in groups 4
and 5 were treated with 125 and 250 mg/kg body weight of OG.
OG and LA were administered orally for 42 days. Oxidative stress
parameters, as well as histoarchitectural investigations following
LA and OG treatment, were analysed.
Results: Results showed normal histoarchitecture of the cerebellum in control and group 2 animals (OG only). In group 3 animals that received LA only, we observed severe stages of
neurodegenerative features in the Purkinje, granular cell molecular
cell layers of the Cerebellum. Also, results from groups 4 and 5 rats
that were co-administered with LA and OG revealed regenerative
tendencies and an increase in the neuronal cell density of the
cerebellum. Nevertheless, we recorded an increase in the brain
content of malondialdehyde and decreased antioxidant status
(catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and sodium dismutase (SOD))
following LA administration. OG attenuated this heightened MDA
activity and depletion of the antioxidant status.
Conclusion: Overall, these findings suggest that oral administration of aqueous extract of OG improved cerebellar neurotoxicity and degeneration in rats exposed to LA by modulating
oxidative damage