6 research outputs found

    Heterogeneous integration of superconducting thin films and epitaxial semiconductor heterostructures with lithium niobate

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    We report on scalable heterointegration of superconducting electrodes and epitaxial semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) on strong piezoelectric and optically nonlinear lithium niobate. The implemented processes combine the sputter-deposited thin film superconductor niobium nitride and III–V compound semiconductor membranes onto the host substrate. The superconducting thin film is employed as a zero-resistivity electrode material for a surface acoustic wave resonator with internal quality factors approx Q≈17,000 representing a three-fold enhancement compared to identical devices with normal conducting electrodes. Superconducting operation of ≈400MHz resonators is achieved to temperatures T>7K and electrical radio frequency powers Prf>+9dBm. Heterogeneously integrated single QDs couple to the resonant phononic field of the surface acoustic wave resonator operated in the superconducting regime. Position and frequency selective coupling mediated by deformation potential coupling is validated using time-integrated and time-resolved optical spectroscopy. Furthermore, acoustoelectric charge state control is achieved in a modified device geometry harnessing large piezoelectric fields inside the resonator. The hybrid QD—surface acoustic wave resonator can be scaled to higher operation frequencies and smaller mode volumes for quantum phase modulation and transduction between photons and phonons via the QD. Finally, the employed materials allow for the realization of other types of optoelectronic devices, including superconducting single photon detectors and integrated photonic and phononic circuits

    Surface Acoustic Wave Cavity Optomechanics with Atomically Thin h-BN and WSe_{2} Single-Photon Emitters

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    Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are a versatile tool for coherently interfacing with a variety of solid-state quantum systems spanning microwave to optical frequencies, including superconducting qubits, spins, and quantum emitters. Here, we demonstrate SAW cavity optomechanics with quantum emitters in two-dimensional (2D) materials, specifically monolayer WSe_{2} and h-BN, on a planar lithium niobate SAW resonator driven by superconducting electronics. Using steady-state photoluminescence spectroscopy and time-resolved single-photon counting, we map the temporal dynamics of modulated 2D emitters under coupling to different SAW cavity modes, showing energy-level splitting consistent with deformation potential coupling of 35meV/% for WSe_{2} and 12.5 meV/% for h-BN visible-light emitters. We leverage the large anisotropic strain from the SAW to modulate the excitonic fine-structure splitting in WSe_{2} on a nanosecond timescale, which may find applications for on-demand entangled-photon-pair generation from 2D materials. Cavity optomechanics with SAWs and 2D quantum emitters provide opportunities for compact sensors and quantum electro-optomechanics in a multifunctional integrated platform that combines phononic, optical, and superconducting electronic quantum systems
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