12,308 research outputs found
A Collaborative Approach: Two Perspectives
This article is a story of collaboration between a principal, Baek Chong, and the mathematics coach, Megan Farrelly. This article shows both perspectives: Baek\u27s thoughts are written in regular typeface, whereas Megan\u27s perspective is italicized. Both educators work at Mark Twain Middle School in Fairfax County Public Schools in Virginia which has nearly 900 seventh- and eighth-grade students. Twain Middle School serves a diverse population, of which about 35% of the students arc on free or reduced lunch, 15% receive special education services, 14% receive English language services, and 40% of the students are in the advanced academics program
Ultrafast and octave-spanning optical nonlinearities from strongly phase-mismatched cascaded interactions
Cascaded nonlinearities have attracted much interest, but ultrafast
applications have been seriously hampered by the simultaneous requirements of
being near phase-matching and having ultrafast femtosecond response times. Here
we show that in strongly phase-mismatched nonlinear frequency conversion
crystals the pump pulse can experience a large and extremely broadband
self-defocusing cascaded Kerr-like nonlinearity. The large cascaded
nonlinearity is ensured through interaction with the largest quadratic tensor
element in the crystal, and the strong phase-mismatch ensures an ultrafast
nonlinear response with an octave-spanning bandwidth. We verify this
experimentally by showing few-cycle soliton compression with noncritical
cascaded second-harmonic generation: Energetic 47 fs infrared pulses are
compressed in a just 1-mm long bulk lithium niobate crystal to 17 fs (under 4
optical cycles) with 80% efficiency, and upon further propagation an
octave-spanning supercontinuum is observed. Such ultrafast cascading is
expected to occur for a broad range of pump wavelengths spanning the near- and
mid-IR using standard nonlinear crystals.Comment: resubmitted, revised version, accepted for Phys. Rev. Let
Perturbation theory of constraints - Application to a lithium hydride calculation
Constraint perturbation calculations for ground state of lithium hydride molecul
Isovector channel of quark-meson-coupling model and its effect on symmetry energy
The non-relativistic approximation of the quark-meson-coupling model has been
discussed and compared with the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock model which includes spin
exchanges. Calculations show that the spin-exchange interaction has important
effect on the descriptions of finite nuclei and nuclear matter through the Fock
exchange. Also in the quark-meson-coupling model, it is the Fock exchange that
leads to a nonlinear density-dependent isovector channel and changes the
density-dependent behavior of the symmetry energy.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures and 1 table, accepted for publication in Nuclear
Physics
Antiproton-Proton Channels in J/psi Decays
The recent measurements by the BES Collaboration of J/psi decays into a
photon and a proton-antiproton pair indicate a strong enhancement at the
proton-antiproton threshold not observed in the decays into a neutral pion and
a proton-antiproton pair. Is this enhancement due to a proton-antiproton
quasi-bound state or a baryonium? A natural explanation follows from a
traditional model of proton-antiproton interactions based on G-parity
transformation. The observed proton-antiproton structure is due to a strong
attraction in the 1S0 state, and possibly to a near-threshold quasi-bound state
in the 11S0 wave.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. The antiproton-proton pair being in isospin one
in the J/Psi decay into neutral pion-antiproton-proton, the antiproton-proton
1P1 and 3S1 waves have been replaced by the 31P1 and 33S1 ones and Figs. 1
and 2 have been replaced accordingly. Conclusions are unchanged. Most of the
content of the paper is published in Phys. Rev. C72, 011001 (2005
Laser Mode Bifurcations Induced by -Breaking Exceptional Points
A laser consisting of two independently-pumped resonators can exhibit mode
bifurcations that evolve out of the exceptional points (EPs) of the linear
system at threshold. The EPs are non-Hermitian degeneracies occurring at the
parity/time-reversal () symmetry breaking points of the threshold
system. Above threshold, the EPs become bifurcations of the nonlinear
zero-detuned laser modes, which can be most easily observed by making the gain
saturation intensities in the two resonators substantially different. Small
pump variations can then switch abruptly between different laser behaviors,
e.g. between below-threshold and -broken single-mode operation.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
UV-enhanced sacrificial layer stabilised graphene oxide hollow fibre membranes for nanofiltration
Graphene oxide (GO) membranes have demonstrated great potential in gas separation and liquid filtration. For upscale applications, GO membranes in a hollow fibre geometry are of particular interest due to the high-efficiency and easy-assembly features at module level. However, GO membranes were found unstable in dry state on ceramic hollow fibre substrates, mainly due to the drying-related shrinkage, which has limited the applications and post-treatments of GO membranes. We demonstrate here that GO hollow fibre membranes can be stabilised by using a porous poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) sacrificial layer, which creates a space between the hollow fibre substrate and the GO membrane thus allowing stress-free shrinkage. Defect-free GO hollow fibre membrane was successfully determined and the membrane was stable in a long term (1200 hours) gas-tight stability test. Post-treatment of the GO membranes with UV light was also successfully accomplished in air, which induced the creation of controlled microstructural defects in the membrane and increased the roughness factor of the membrane surface. The permeability of the UV-treated GO membranes was greatly enhanced from 0.07 to 2.8 L m(−2) h(−1) bar(−1) for water, and 0.14 to 7.5 L m(−2) h(−1) bar(−1) for acetone, with an unchanged low molecular weight cut off (~250 Da)
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