382 research outputs found
The ‘Right’ Side of Creativity: Creative Personality and Social Risk-Taking Predict Political Party Affiliation
Vaibhav Tyagi - ORCID: 0000-0003-2756-1513
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2756-1513This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Creativity Research Journal on 10 November 2018, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2018.1540252Factors that predict political party affiliation are of particular importance in research due to the wider implications in politics and policy making. Extending this line of work, the idea that creativity predicts party affiliation was tested using two conceptualizations of creativity: creative personality and creative ideation. Participants (N = 406) based in the US completed measures of creativity, socio-political attitudes, domain specific risk-taking and indicated their party affiliation. Results revealed a significant link between creative personality and political party affiliation. Furthermore, in addition to the socio-political attitudes, this link was explained, in part, by individuals’ social risk-taking. Specifically, individuals with higher scores on creative personality were more likely to affiliate to the Democratic party, whereas the reverse was true for affiliation to the Republican party. This article provides new insights into factors that predict political party affiliation and presents wider social implications of the findings.This research was funded by the Marie Curie Initial Training Network FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN, grant number 604764.30pubpub
Microstructure of a spark-plasma-sintered Fe2VAl-type Heusler alloy for thermoelectric application
The influence of microstructure on thermoelectricity is increasingly
recognized. Approaches for microstructural engineering can hence be exploited
to enhance thermoelectric performance, particularly through manipulating
crystalline defects, their structure, and composition. Here, we focus on a
full-Heusler Fe2VAl-based compound that is one of the most promising
thermoelectric materials containing only Earth-abundant, non-toxic elements. A
Fe2VTa0.05Al0.95 cast alloy was atomized under a nitrogen-rich atmosphere to
induce nitride precipitation. Nanometer- to micrometer-scale microstructural
investigations by advanced scanning electron microscopy and atom probe
tomography (APT) are performed on the powder first and then on the material
consolidated by spark-plasma sintering for an increasing time. APT reveals an
unexpected pick-up of additional impurities from atomization, namely W and Mo.
The microstructure is then correlated with local and global measurements of the
thermoelectric properties. At grain boundaries, segregation and precipitation
locally reduce the electrical resistivity, as evidenced by in-situ four-point
probe measurements. The final microstructure contains a hierarchy of structural
defects, including individual point defects, dislocations, grain boundaries,
and precipitates, that allow for a strong decrease in thermal conductivity. In
combination, these effects provide an appreciable increase in thermoelectric
performance
Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of antimicrobial compounds from thyme essential oil by means of overpressured layer chromatography, bioautography and GC-MS
A simple method is described for efficient isolation of compounds having an antibacterial effect.
Two thyme (Thymus vulgaris) essential oils, obtained from the market, were chosen as
prospective materials likely to feature several bioactive components when examined by thin layer
chromatography coupled with direct bioautography as a screening method. The newly developed
infusion overpressured layer chromatographic separation method coupled with direct
bioautography assured that only the active components were isolated by means of overrun
overpressured layer chromatography with online detection and fractionation. Each of the 5
collected fractions represented one of the five antimicrobial essential oil components designated
at the screening. The purity and the activity of the fractions were confirmed with chromatography
coupled various detection methods (UV, vanillin-sulphuric acid reagent, direct bioautography).
The antibacterial components were identified with GC-MS as thymol, carvacrol, linalool, diethylphthalate,
and alpha-terpineol. The oil component diethyl-phthalate is an artificial compound,
used as plasticizer or detergent bases in the industry. Our results support that exploiting its
flexibility and the possible hyphenations, overpressured layer chromatography is especially
attractive for isolation of antimicrobial components from various matrixes
Piecing Together the American Voting Puzzle: How Votersâ Personalities and Judgments of Issue Importance Mattered in the 2016 Presidential Election
In the wake of the 2016 election, which surprised pundits and voters on both the left and the right, there has been renewed interest in understanding what predicts American votersâ choices. In this article, we investigate the roles of personality and issue importance in how people voted in the 2016 U.S. election. In this longitudinal study of 403 MTurk workers who voted in the election, we assessed the relations between personality (openness, social dominance orientation, and national identity importance) and issue importance (group rights and social justice, economic rights, and individual and national rights), and voting for Clinton or Trump. Our results indicate that both individual differences and issue importance as measured in July 2016 predicted votes in November. We also found that the links between personality and voting were mediated by issue importance. Implications for political psychology and the study of personality, campaign issues, and voting behavior are discussed.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146841/1/asap12157.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146841/2/asap12157_am.pd
Two-axis magnetically-driven MEMS scanning catheter for endoscopic high-speed optical coherence tomography
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