Does Neonatal Microbiome Research Encompass the Placental Transfer Pathway?

The word “microbiome” is a combination of “microbiota” and “genome,” which represents the genomic concept of microbiota. The bacterial culture method is the mainstay of identifying microbes, while polymerase chain reaction adds diagnostic value. However, in the era of next-generation sequencing, achieving high-throughput microbiota footprints is extremely sensitive. This sensitivity often leads to confusion, as it can detect specific microbes genomes, even in sterile samples, such as blood, placenta, breast milk, skin, vagina, and stool. The neonatal microbiome remarkably influences both fetal and neonatal life related to health status and disease outcome. However, its origins pose a question: does it stem from a direct gateway or through a breakdown of barriers? This review provides a brief overview of evidence and speculative insights

On the Csorgo-Révész increments of finite dimensional Gaussian random fields

In this paper, we establish some limit theorems on the combined Csorgo-Révész increments with moduli of continuity for finite dimensional Gaussian random fields under mild conditions, via estimating upper bounds of large deviation probabilities on suprema of the finite dimensional Gaussian random fields.Csorgo-Révész increment; Gaussian process; random field; modulus of continuity; quasi-increasing; regularly varying function; large deviation probability.

Comparisons of ELISA and Western blot assays for detection of autophagy flux

We analyzed autophagy/mitophagy flux in vitro (C2C12 myotubes) and in vivo (mouse skeletal muscle) following the treatments of autophagy inducers (starvation, rapamycin) and a mitophagy inducer (carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, CCCP) using two immunodetection methods, ELISA and Western blotting, and compared their working range, accuracy, and reliability. The ELISAs showed a broader working range than that of the LC3 Western blots (Table 1). Table 2 showed that data value distribution was tighter and the average standard error from the ELISA was much smaller than those of the Western blot, directly relating to the accuracy of the assay. Test-retest reliability analysis showed good reliability for three individual ELISAs (interclass correlation, ≥ 0.7), but poor reliability for three individual Western blots (interclass correlation, ≤ 0.4) (Table 3). Keywords: Autophagy, Mitophagy, ELISA, Western blot, Skeletal muscl

Direct observation of microscopic change induced by oxygen vacancy drift in amorphous TiO2 thin films

To clarify the resistive switching and failure mechanisms in Al/amorphous TiO2 /Al devices we investigate the microscopic change in amorphous titanium oxide films and interface layers after the set process according to film deposition temperatures. For low temperature (<150 ??C) samples, the thickness of top interface layer decreased after the set process due to the dissociation of a top interface layer by uniform migration of oxygen vacancies. Meanwhile, for high temperature samples, crystalline TiO phases emerged in the failed state, meaning the formation of conducting paths from the local clustering of oxygen vacancies in nonhomogeneous titanium oxide film.open221

Compressive performance of 50 MPa strength concrete-filled square and circular tube (CFT) columns using recycled aggregate

[EN] Recycled aggregate is an environmentally self-sustainable solution that can reduce construction waste and replace natural aggregates. However, there is a disadvantage in concrete such as initial strength drop and long-term strength development. Therefore, the interaction effect of the two materials can be expected by filling the cyclic aggregate concrete in the CFT column. In order to develop a concrete with compressive strength of 50 MPa as a recycled aggregate, we carried out a mixing experiment and fabricated 18 specimens to confirm the compressive behavior of a RCFT (Recycled Concrete Filled Tube) column that can be applied to actual buildings. Variable is the shape and thickness of steel pipe, concrete strength and mixing ratio, and coarse aggregate and fine aggregate are all used as recycled aggregate. The optimum mixing ratio for recycled aggregate concrete to be filled in the CFT filled steel pipe was found through three concrete preliminary mixing experiments. In addition, the compression test of the RCFT column was carried out to observe and analyze the buckling shape of the CFT column. Based on the analysis of the buckling configuration and the experimental data, the load-displacement curves of the specimens were drawn and the compressive behavior was analyzed.Choi, S.; Choi, WH.; Lee, K.; Ryoo, J.; Kim, S.; Park, Y. (2018). Compressive performance of 50 MPa strength concrete-filled square and circular tube (CFT) columns using recycled aggregate. En Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures. ASCCS 2018. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 305-313. https://doi.org/10.4995/ASCCS2018.2018.7021OCS30531