The dark side of mobile work during non-work hours: moderated mediation model of presenteeism through conservation of resources lens

Owing to the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and the inevitability of telecommuting in the COVID-19 environment, the boundary between working and non-working hours has become blurred. mWork, that is, ICT-based off-hour work, which has increased through the pandemic, affects employees’ work attitudes, such as presenteeism. Hence, we designed a study to investigate the antecedents and mechanisms of employee presenteeism from the perspective of the conservation of resources theory. We supported our hypothesis using a sample of 325 Korean office workers obtained through three rounds of time-delay surveys. The results show that presenteeism is higher among employees with high mWork. In addition, employees’ mWork increases sleep deprivation and presenteeism, and the exchange ideology of employees reinforces the positive effect of sleep deprivation on presenteeism. Additionally, the higher the level of exchange ideology, the stronger the mediating effect of mWork on presenteeism through sleep deprivation. This study verified the conservation of resources theory by identifying the mechanism by which mWork affects an employee’s life, which in turn affects their work, and provides practical implications for managing productivity loss due to presenteeism

Facial reanimation with masseter nerve–innervated free gracilis muscle transfer in established facial palsy patients

Background The masseter nerve is a useful donor nerve for reconstruction in patients with established facial palsy, with numerous advantages including low morbidity, a strong motor impulse, high reliability, and fast reinnervation. In this study, we assessed the results of masseter nerve–innervated free gracilis muscle transfer in established facial palsy patients. Methods Ten patients with facial palsy who received treatment from January 2015 to January 2017 were enrolled in this study. Three patients received masseter nerve–only free gracilis transfer, and seven received double-innervated free gracilis transfer (masseter nerve and a cross-face nerve graft). Patients were evaluated using the Facial Assessment by Computer Evaluation software (FACEgram) to quantify oral commissure excursion and symmetry at rest and when smiling after muscle transfer. Results The mean time between surgery and initial movement was roughly 167.7 days. A statistically significant increase in excursion at rest and when smiling was seen after muscle transfer. There was a significant increase in the distance of oral commissure excursion at rest and when smiling. A statistically significant increase was observed in symmetry when smiling. Terzis’ functional and aesthetic grading scores showed significant improvements postoperatively. Conclusions Masseter nerve innervation is a good option with many uses in in established facial palsy patients. For some conditions, it is the first-line treatment. Free gracilis muscle transfer using the masseter nerve has excellent results with good symmetry and an effective degree of recovery

Predictive Solution for Radiation Toxicity Based on Big Data

Radiotherapy is a treatment method using radiation for cancer treatment based on a patient treatment planning for each radiotherapy machine. At this time, the dose, volume, device setting information, complication, tumor control probability, etc. are considered as a single-patient treatment for each fraction during radiotherapy process. Thus, these filed-up big data for a long time and numerous patients’ cases are inevitably suitable to produce optimal treatment and minimize the radiation toxicity and complication. Thus, we are going to handle up prostate, lung, head, and neck cancer cases using machine learning algorithm in radiation oncology. And, the promising algorithms as the support vector machine, decision tree, and neural network, etc. will be introduced in machine learning. In conclusion, we explain a predictive solution of radiation toxicity based on the big data as treatment planning decision support system

Prediction of Cancer Patient Outcomes Based on Artificial Intelligence

Knowledge-based outcome predictions are common before radiotherapy. Because there are various treatment techniques, numerous factors must be considered in predicting cancer patient outcomes. As expectations surrounding personalized radiotherapy using complex data have increased, studies on outcome predictions using artificial intelligence have also increased. Representative artificial intelligence techniques used to predict the outcomes of cancer patients in the field of radiation oncology include collecting and processing big data, text mining of clinical literature, and machine learning for implementing prediction models. Here, methods of data preparation and model construction to predict rates of survival and toxicity using artificial intelligence are described

Overexpression of the miR-141/200c cluster promotes the migratory and invasive ability of triple-negative breast cancer cells through the activation of the FAK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways by secreting VEGF-A

Migration in miR-141/200c-transduced HCC-38 and Hs578T cells treated with an anti-VEGF-A-neutralizing antibody. (A, D) Migration in miR-141/200c-transduced HCC-38 and Hs578T cells. Images of the crystal violet-stained cells that migrated horizontally in the trans-well migration assay (upper). The absorbance values of extracted crystal violet in migrated cells (lower). The migratory abilities of the miR-200c cells (~1.6-fold and ~1.7-fold, HCC-38 and Hs578T, respectively) were significantly increased compared with those of the control cells. (B, E) Measurement of the secreted levels of cytokines and growth factors (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and VEGF-A). Transduction of miR-141/200c into HCC-38 and Hs578T cells promoted significantly higher VEGF-A secretion than that of control cells. (C, F) Trans-well migration of anti-VEGF-A-neutralizing antibody-treated cells. The enhanced migration of the miR-141/200c-transduced HCC-38 cells were significantly suppressed by treatment with anti-VEGF-A-neutralizing antibodies, but miR-141/200c-transduced Hs578T cells still showed increased migratory ability compared with control cells. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001. (JPG 188 kb

Criterion for transformation of transverse domain wall to vortex or antivortex wall in soft magnetic thin-film nanostripes

We report on the criterion for the dynamic transformation of the internal structure of moving domain walls (DWs) in soft magnetic thin-film nanostripes above the Walker threshold field, Hw. In order for the process of transformation from transverse wall (TW) to vortex wall (VW) or antivortex wall (AVW) occurs, the edge-soliton core of the TW-type DW should grow sufficiently to the full width at half maximum of the out-of-plane magnetizations of the core area of the stabilized vortex (or antivortex) by moving inward along the transverse (width) direction. Upon completion of the nucleation of the vortex (antivortex) core, the VW (AVW) is stabilized, and then its core accompanies the gyrotropic motion in a potential well (hill) of a given nanostripe. Field strengths exceeding the Hw, which is the onset field of DW velocity breakdown, are not sufficient but necessary conditions for dynamic DW transformation

Suction Drain Tip Cultures in Predicting a Surgical Site Infection

Study Design Retrospective study. Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of drain tip culture after spinal surgery with a large number of participants. Overview of Literature The routine culture of suction drain tips that are placed in the surgical site of spinal surgeries has been performed in many institutions to detect surgical site infection (SSI). However, few reports have evaluated drain tip culture as a prognostic for SSI after spinal surgery. Materials and Methods This study retrospectively included 1,415 consecutive patients who underwent spinal surgery between January 2016 and December 2021. Patients diagnosed with infectious diseases were excluded. Prophylactic antibiotics were administered intraoperatively and 24 hours postoperatively. Drains were removed when the volume of postoperative fluid drainage was <50 mL and <100 mL in patients who underwent cervical and thoracic surgery and lumbar surgery in the preceding 24 hours, respectively, and cultures were made. We evaluated the correlation between the results of positive drain tip culture and SSI. Results Positive drain tip cultures were found in 51 cases (3.6%). SSI was identified in 34 cases (2.4%). The most frequently isolated microorganism was methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (61.8%). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive, and negative predictive values of drain tip culture were 50.0%, 97.4%, 32.1%, and 98.8%, respectively. The same bacteria were isolated from the surgical lesion in 16 of 17 SSI cases with a positive drain tip culture, thereby giving a bacteria matching rate between tissue culture and drain tip culture of 94.1%. The number of surgery levels, drain remaining period, and drain tip culture positivity were significantly increased in the SSI group. Conclusions Drain tip cultures might be useful for predicting SSI. Drain tip culture had a high positivity rate in the SSI group, and the coincidence rate for the causative pathogen was high

Effect of intradialytic change in blood pressure and ultrafiltration volume on the variation in access flow measured by ultrasound dilution

AbstractBackgroundProspective access flow measurement is the preferred method for vascular access surveillance in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We studied the effect of intradialytic change in blood pressure and ultrafiltration volume on the variation in access flow measured by ultrasound dilution.MethodsAccess flow was measured 30minutes, 120minutes, and 240minutes after the start of HD by ultrasound dilution in 30 patients during 89 HD sessions and evaluated for variation.ResultsThe mean age of the 30 patients was 62±11 years: 19 were male. The accesses comprised 16 fistulae and 14 grafts. The mean access flow over all sessions decreased by 6.1% over time (1265±568mL/min after 30minutes, 1260±599mL/min after 120minutes, and 1197±576mL/min after 240minutes, P<0.01 by repeated measures ANOVA). In addition, a≥5% decrease in mean arterial pressure during HD significantly reduced access flow (P=0.014). However, no other variable (ultrafiltration volume, sex, age, presence of diabetes, type or location of access, body surface area, hemoglobin, serum albumin level) interacted significantly with the effect of time on access flow. Furthermore, mean arterial pressure did not correlate with ultrafiltration volume.ConclusionWe conclude that the variation in access flow during HD is relatively small. Decreased blood pressure is a risk factor for variation in access flow measured by ultrasound dilution. In most patients whose blood pressures are stable during HD, the access flow can be measured at any time during the HD treatment