Migrations of North Caucasians to the Ottoman Empire: initial stage (1858-1862)

The article traces the process of formation of a stable and massive migration flow of representatives of the peoples of the North Caucasus to the Ottoman Empire in the period from the end of 1858 to the middle of 1862, conditionally identified as the initial stage of the Caucasian muhajirism. Involvement of a significant range of published Russian and predominantly unpublished Turkish and British archival documents along with modern domestic and foreign historiography allows us to expand and clarify our knowledge on the socio-economic, internal and external reasons and accompanying circumstances of the said resettlement, its dynamics and evolution, quantitative and ethnic parameters, as well as the approaches and steps in this sphere of official St. Petersburg and Istanbul. While recognizing the unified, pan-Caucasian nature of this socio-migrational phenomenon, attention is drawn to certain specificities in its nature, intensity and scale in different parts of the region

Settlement of Karachais and Balkars in Anatolia in the second half of 19th — early 20th centuries (in the light of the Ottoman archival documents)

The article deals with one of the relatively subtle “national” versions of the North Caucasian muhajirism, namely, immigration and colonization in Anatolia of the Karachais and Balkars. The reasons, phases, circumstances and results of the resettlement of representatives of these closely related peoples to the Ottoman territory and the peculiarities of their initial adaptation to new living conditions are considered. Archival documents, first introduced into scientific circulation, shed light on the dynamics of Karachai-Balkar immigration, the motives and aspirations of the migrants, their numbers, the attitude of the Porte to the reception of new subjects and, in general, its policy of settlement and socio -economic support of the muhajirs.</jats:p