ERAWATCH Country Reports 2013: Bulgaria

The Analytical Country Reports analyse and assess in a structured manner the evolution of the national policy research and innovation in the perspective of the wider EU strategy and goals, with a particular focus on the performance of the national research and innovation (R&I) system, their broader policy mix and governance. The 2013 edition of the Country Reports highlight national policy and system developments occurring since late 2012 and assess, through dedicated sections: -National progress in addressing Research and Innovation system challenges; -National progress in addressing the 5 ERA priorities; -The progress at Member State level towards achieving the Innovation Union; -The status and relevant features of Regional and/or National Research and Innovation Strategies on Smart Specialisation (RIS3); -As far relevant, country Specific Research and Innovation (R&I) Recommendations. Detailed annexes in tabular form provide access to country information in a concise and synthetic manner. The reports were originally produced in December 2013, focusing on policy developments occurring over the preceding twelve months.JRC.J.2-Knowledge for Growt

ERAWATCH Country Reports 2012: Bulgaria

This analytical country report is one of a series of annual ERAWATCH reports produced for EU Member States and Countries Associated to the Seventh Framework Programme for Research of the European Union (FP7). The main objective of the ERAWATCH Annual Country Reports is to characterise and assess the performance of national research systems and related policies in a structured manner that is comparable across countries. The Country Report 2012 builds on and updates the 2011 edition. The report identifies the structural challenges of the national research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and the structural challenges, highlighting the latest developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. They further analyse and assess the ability of the policy mix in place to consistently and efficiently tackle these challenges. These reports were originally produced in December 2012, focusing on policy developments over the previous twelve months. The reports were produced by independent experts under direct contract with IPTS. The analytical framework and the structure of the reports have been developed by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies of the Joint Research Centre (JRC-IPTS) and Directorate General for Research and Innovation with contributions from external experts.JRC.J.2-Knowledge for Growt

Обменна енергия и истинска смилаемост на протеина на екструдирани вторични продукти от хлебопроизводството (хлебни отпадъци) при балансови опити с птици

Using methods for balance experiments, the apparent (AMEn), the true (TMEn) metabolizable energy (0-n balance corrected) and the coefficient of true digestibility of the nitrogen/protein (CTDP) of extruded bread wastes have been studied. The chemical composition of the dry matter of the fodder was, as follow (in %): crude protein – 12.28; crude fats – 1.34; crude fiber – 2.28; NPE – 80.1. The following energy/protein levels in the DM have been established: (AMEn – 14.17 MJ/kg; TMEn – 15.37 MJ/kg; CTDP - 84.15. The established nutritional values are similar to those of wheat, both fodders can be replaced each other in the production of compound feed for poultry.Ползвайки методика за балансови опити са установени видимата (AMEn), истинската (TMEn) обменна енергия (коригирани към 0-n баланс) и коефициент на истинска смилаемост на протеина (CTDP) на екструдирани хлебни отпадъци. Химичният състав на сухото вещество на фуража е (в%): суров протеин – 12.28; сурови мазнини – 1.34; сурови влакнини – 2.28; БЕВ – 80.1. Установени са следните енергийни/протеинови нива в сухо вещество: (AMEn – 14.17 MJ/kg; TMEn – 15.37 MJ/kg; CTDP - 84.15. Установените хранителни нива са близки до тези на пшеницата, двата фуража могат да са взаимозаменяеми при производството комбинирани фуражи за птици

Probing SUSY effects in KS0→μ+μ−K_S^0\rightarrow\mu^+\mu^-

We explore supersymmetric contributions to the decay $K_S^0\rightarrow\mu^+\mu^-$, in light of current experimental data. The Standard Model (SM) predicts $\mathcal{B}(K_S^0\rightarrow\mu^+\mu^-)\approx5\times 10^{-12}$. We find that contributions arising from flavour violating Higgs penguins can enhance the branching fraction up to $\approx 35\times 10^{-12}$ within different scenarios of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), as well as suppress it down to $\approx 0.78\times 10^{-12}$. Regions with fine-tuned parameters can bring the branching fraction up to the current experimental upper bound, $8\times 10^{-10}$. The mass degeneracy of the heavy Higgs bosons in MSSM induces correlations between $\mathcal{B}(K_S^0\rightarrow\mu^+\mu^-)$ and $\mathcal{B}(K_L^0\rightarrow\mu^+\mu^-)$. Predictions for the $CP$ asymmetry in $K^0\rightarrow\mu^+\mu^-$ decays in the context of MSSM are also given, and can be up to eight times bigger than in the SM.Comment: 36 pages, 31 fig

First observation of the decay B 0 → ψ ( 2 S ) π 0

We report a measurement of the B 0 → ψ(2S)π 0 branching fraction based on the full Υ(4S) data set of 772 × 106 BB¯ pairs collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e +e − collider. We obtain B(B 0 → ψ(2S)π 0 ) = (1.17 ± 0.17(stat) ± 0.08(syst)) × 10−5 . The result has a significance of 7.2 standard deviations and is the first observation of the decay B 0 → ψ(2S)π 0

Research and Technology in Bulgaria -Challenges both for Policy and Economic Actors

The paper discuss the role and importance of R&D in Bulgaria’s economy, summarizing the challenges both for policy and economic as follow: Increasing internal demand for domestic R&D activities and outcomes, mainly the business demand; Increasing foreign demand for domestic R&D activities and outcomes; Increasing the quality of R&D potential and quantity of R&D personnel. Among possible directions for increasing the Bulgarian R&D and economic cooperation in South Eastern Europe identified is increasing the hi-tech import from European and other world technology leaders as a condition for increasing of the volume and quality of specific areas of R&D and economic activities in the country, which may lead to increasing Bulgarian export and intensifying regional R&D and economic integration

Circular Economy as a New Stage of Economic Development

The chapter is devoted to understanding circular economy as a new stage of economic development, which is aimed to respect limited quantity of water, soil, clean air and ecosystem services, strongly connected to the new global social tensions, and how to achieve this stage. The literature survey has shown the current concepts for circular economy discuss new usage of resources, but not who and how will provide such changes. That is why it is suggested application of the Hegelian doctrine for economic development which is answering similar (we mean social) to the above questions – how to get freedom and society consolidation in market economy, suggesting state regulation of market economy. Consequently such regulation is needed to overcome the social tensions strongly connected to limited quantity of resources, vital for the future of society. Taking this doctrine as a theoretical background, it is assumed each new stage of economic development is characterised by different content of goals, subject and means for achieving the goals. The applicability of the notion circular economy is a new stage of economic development is tested and approved by demonstrated contemporary changes in policies for economic development, taking place in the European union, by recently changed and achieved goals of its development