Acculturative Stress and Quality of Life among Older Korean Immigrants: Do Religiosity and Resilience Matter?

The impact of acculturative stress on the quality of life among older adults has been widely acknowledged in previous literature. However, few studies have explored the role of religiosity and resilience in this relationship among older Korean immigrants. This dissertation explores the relationships between acculturative stress, religiosity, resilience, and quality of life among 300 older adults aged 65 years and over who live in an ethnic Korean enclave of Queens, New York. The study employs path analysis and multiple regression analyses to test hypothesized relationships among these variables. The key findings of the study are as follows: (1) higher acculturative stress was associated with lower quality of life after controlling for sociodemographic variables; (2) religiosity did not mediate the relationship between acculturative stress and quality of life; (3) resilience partially mediated the relationship between acculturative stress and quality of life; and (4) religiosity and resilience did not sequentially mediate the relationship between acculturative stress and quality of life. These findings highlight the importance of resilience in mediating the negative impact of acculturative stress on the quality of life among older Korean immigrants. Implications for social work practice, education, and future research are discussed, emphasizing the development of targeted interventions to address acculturative stress and enhance resilience among older Korean immigrants and exploring the potential roles of religiosity and other coping resources in this population. Additionally, the study underscores the need for ongoing professional development to improve cultural competence and sensitivity when working with older Korean immigrants

Acculturation and Depression among Older U.S. Immigrants: A Systematic Review

This systematic review examines how acculturation affects depressive symptoms of older U.S. immigrants. Upon through review of the present literature, five articles were identified as meeting inclusion criteria and analyzed based on the ecological theory. Common themes identified throughout the reviewed studies include enhancing family support, community support, and cultural contexts. Results of this review conclude the micro and meso system such as family and social network supports help older adult immigrants interact with the mainstream American culture, which leads to a reduction of depressive symptoms of older adult immigrants. Also, the review identified that it is helpful for service providers to understand macro system such as language, socioeconomic status and geological location to reduce older adult immigrants’ depressive symptoms. Implications to social work practice are discussed as direct practice and indirect practice. In direct practice, this study discussed that social workers should be culturally competent and be aware of issues in relation to service utilization of the older immigrants. In the indirect practice of the policy and research, the study discussed an interpreter service supported by governmental level policy in the context of reimbursement costs for other types of care to help older immigrants receive proper primary and preventive care. This research also points to the need for the future research to promote interpreter support of the government for the older U.S. immigrants in the medical setting whose English proficiency is limited

Dynamics of Morphology-Dependent Resonances by Openness in Dielectric Disk for TE polarization

We have studied the dynamics of morphology-dependent resonances by openness in a dielectric microdisk for TE polarization. For the first time, we report that the dynamics exhibits avoided resonance crossings between inner and outer resonances even though the corresponding billiard is integrable. Due to the avoidance, inner and outer resonances can be exchanged and $Q$-factor of inner resonances is strongly affected. We analyze the diverse phenomena aroused from the dynamics including the avoided crossings.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Integrative Feature and Cost Aggregation with Transformers for Dense Correspondence

We present a novel architecture for dense correspondence. The current state-of-the-art are Transformer-based approaches that focus on either feature descriptors or cost volume aggregation. However, they generally aggregate one or the other but not both, though joint aggregation would boost each other by providing information that one has but other lacks, i.e., structural or semantic information of an image, or pixel-wise matching similarity. In this work, we propose a novel Transformer-based network that interleaves both forms of aggregations in a way that exploits their complementary information. Specifically, we design a self-attention layer that leverages the descriptor to disambiguate the noisy cost volume and that also utilizes the cost volume to aggregate features in a manner that promotes accurate matching. A subsequent cross-attention layer performs further aggregation conditioned on the descriptors of both images and aided by the aggregated outputs of earlier layers. We further boost the performance with hierarchical processing, in which coarser level aggregations guide those at finer levels. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method on dense matching tasks and achieve state-of-the-art performance on all the major benchmarks. Extensive ablation studies are also provided to validate our design choices.Comment: v2 includes supplementary material, while v1 does no

Cost Aggregation with 4D Convolutional Swin Transformer for Few-Shot Segmentation

This paper presents a novel cost aggregation network, called Volumetric Aggregation with Transformers (VAT), for few-shot segmentation. The use of transformers can benefit correlation map aggregation through self-attention over a global receptive field. However, the tokenization of a correlation map for transformer processing can be detrimental, because the discontinuity at token boundaries reduces the local context available near the token edges and decreases inductive bias. To address this problem, we propose a 4D Convolutional Swin Transformer, where a high-dimensional Swin Transformer is preceded by a series of small-kernel convolutions that impart local context to all pixels and introduce convolutional inductive bias. We additionally boost aggregation performance by applying transformers within a pyramidal structure, where aggregation at a coarser level guides aggregation at a finer level. Noise in the transformer output is then filtered in the subsequent decoder with the help of the query's appearance embedding. With this model, a new state-of-the-art is set for all the standard benchmarks in few-shot segmentation. It is shown that VAT attains state-of-the-art performance for semantic correspondence as well, where cost aggregation also plays a central role.Comment: Code and trained models are available at https://seokju-cho.github.io/VAT/ . This is ECCV'22 camera-ready version, which is revised from arXiv:2112.1168

Effect of interlayer interactions on exciton luminescence in atomic-layered MoS2 crystals

The atomic-layered semiconducting materials of transition metal dichalcogenides are considered effective light sources with both potential applications in thin and flexible optoelectronics and novel functionalities. In spite of the great interest in optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, the excitonic properties still need to be addressed, specifically in terms of the interlayer interactions. Here, we report the distinct behavior of the A and B excitons in the presence of interlayer interactions of layered MoS 2 crystals. Micro-photoluminescence spectroscopic studies reveal that on the interlayer interactions in double layer MoS 2 crystals, the emission quantum yield of the A exciton is drastically changed, whereas that of the B exciton remains nearly constant for both single and double layer MoS 2 crystals. First-principles density functional theory calculations confirm that a significant charge redistribution occurs in the double layer MoS 2 due to the interlayer interactions producing a local electric field at the interfacial region. Analogous to the quantum-confined Stark effect, we suggest that the distinct behavior of the A and B excitons can be explained by a simplified band-bending model.1

Boundary integral equation method for resonances in gradient index cavities designed by conformal transformation optics

In the case of two-dimensional gradient index cavities designed by the conformal transformation optics, we propose a boundary integral equation method for the calculation of resonant mode functions by employing a fictitious space which is reciprocally equivalent to the physical space. Using the Green's function of the interior region of the uniform index cavity in the fictitious space, resonant mode functions and their far-field distributions in the physical space can be obtained. As a verification, resonant modes in lima\c{c}on-shaped transformation cavities were calculated and mode patterns and far-field intensity distributions were compared with those of the same modes obtained from the finite element method.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure