2,820 research outputs found
Overcoming polar‐format issues in synthetic aperture radar multichannel autofocus
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/166214/1/rsn2bf00419.pd
A lab-on-a-disc platform enables serial monitoring of individual CTCs associated with tumor progression during EGFR-targeted therapy for patients with NSCLC
Rationale: Unlike traditional biopsy, liquid biopsy, which is a largely non-invasive diagnostic and monitoring tool, can be performed more frequently to better track tumors and mutations over time and to validate the efficiency of a cancer treatment. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are considered promising liquid biopsy biomarkers; however, their use in clinical settings is limited by high costs and a low throughput of standard platforms for CTC enumeration and analysis. In this study, we used a label-free, high-throughput method for CTC isolation directly from whole blood of patients using a standalone, clinical setting-friendly platform. Methods: A CTC-based liquid biopsy approach was used to examine the efficacy of therapy and emergent drug resistance via longitudinal monitoring of CTC counts, DNA mutations, and single-cell-level gene expression in a prospective cohort of 40 patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. Results: The change ratio of the CTC counts was associated with tumor response, detected by CT scan, while the baseline CTC counts did not show association with progression-free survival or overall survival. We achieved a 100% concordance rate for the detection of EGFR mutation, including emergence of T790M, between tumor tissue and CTCs. More importantly, our data revealed the importance of the analysis of the epithelial/mesenchymal signature of individual pretreatment CTCs to predict drug responsiveness in patients. Conclusion: The fluid-assisted separation technology disc platform enables serial monitoring of CTC counts, DNA mutations, as well as unbiased molecular characterization of individual CTCs associated with tumor progression during targeted therapy
Lagrangian Floer superpotentials and crepant resolutions for toric orbifolds
We investigate the relationship between the Lagrangian Floer superpotentials
for a toric orbifold and its toric crepant resolutions. More specifically, we
study an open string version of the crepant resolution conjecture (CRC) which
states that the Lagrangian Floer superpotential of a Gorenstein toric orbifold
and that of its toric crepant resolution coincide after
analytic continuation of quantum parameters and a change of variables. Relating
this conjecture with the closed CRC, we find that the change of variable
formula which appears in closed CRC can be explained by relations between open
(orbifold) Gromov-Witten invariants. We also discover a geometric explanation
(in terms of virtual counting of stable orbi-discs) for the specialization of
quantum parameters to roots of unity which appears in Y. Ruan's original CRC
["The cohomology ring of crepant resolutions of orbifolds", Gromov-Witten
theory of spin curves and orbifolds, 117-126, Contemp. Math., 403, Amer. Math.
Soc., Providence, RI, 2006]. We prove the open CRC for the weighted projective
spaces using an equality between open
and closed orbifold Gromov-Witten invariants. Along the way, we also prove an
open mirror theorem for these toric orbifolds.Comment: 48 pages, 1 figure; v2: references added and updated, final version,
to appear in CM
Abelian Chern-Simons field theory and anyon equation on a torus
We quantize the abelian Chern-Simons theory coupled to non-relativistic
matter field on a torus without invoking the flux quantization. Through a
series of canonical transformations which is equivalent to solving the Gauss
constraint, we obtain an effective hamiltonian density with periodic matter
field. We also obtain the many-anyon Schr\"odinger equation with periodic
Aharonov-Bohm potentials and analyze the periodic property of the wavefunction.
Some comments are given on the different features of our approach from the
previous ones.Comment: 24, SNUTP-93-9
Deformed Algebras from Inverse Schwinger Method
We consider a problem which may be viewed as an inverse one to the Schwinger
realization of Lie algebra, and suggest a procedure of deforming the
so-obtained algebra. We illustrate the method through a few simple examples
extending Schwinger's construction. As results, various q-deformed
algebras are (re-)produced as well as their undeformed counterparts. Some
extensions of the method are pointed out briefly.Comment: 14 pages, Jeonju University Report, Late
Electron irradiation effects on superconductivity in PdTe: an application of a generalized Anderson theorem
Low temperature ( 20~K) electron irradiation with 2.5 MeV relativistic
electrons was used to study the effect of controlled non-magnetic disorder on
the normal and superconducting properties of the type-II Dirac semimetal
PdTe. We report measurements of longitudinal and Hall resistivity, thermal
conductivity and London penetration depth using tunnel-diode resonator
technique for various irradiation doses. The normal state electrical
resistivity follows Matthiessen rule with an increase of the residual
resistivity at a rate of 0.77cm/. London penetration depth and thermal
conductivity results show that the superconducting state remains fully gapped.
The superconducting transition temperature is suppressed at a non-zero rate
that is about sixteen times slower than described by the Abrikosov-Gor'kov
dependence, applicable to magnetic impurity scattering in isotropic,
single-band -wave superconductors. To gain information about the gap
structure and symmetry of the pairing state, we perform a detailed analysis of
these experimental results based on insight from a generalized Anderson theorem
for multi-band superconductors. This imposes quantitative constraints on the
gap anisotropies for each of the possible pairing candidate states. We conclude
that the most likely pairing candidate is an unconventional
state. While we cannot exclude the conventional and the triplet
, we demonstrate that these states require additional assumptions about
the orbital structure of the disorder potential to be consistent with our
experimental results, e.g., a ratio of inter- to intra-band scattering for the
singlet state significantly larger than one. Due to the generality of our
theoretical framework, we think that it will also be useful for irradiation
studies in other spin-orbit-coupled multi-orbital systems.Comment: 22 pages, 12 figure
The SYZ conjecture via homological mirror symmetry
These are expository notes based on a talk given at the Superschool on
derived categories and D-branes at University of Alberta in July of 2016. The
goal of these notes is to give a motivated introduction to the
Strominger-Yau-Zaslow (SYZ) conjecture from the point of view of homological
mirror symmetry.Comment: Contribution to the proceedings of the Superschool on derived
categories and D-brane
Vortex solutions of a Maxwell-Chern-Simons field coupled to four-fermion theory
We find the static vortex solutions of the model of Maxwell-Chern-Simons
gauge field coupled to a (2+1)-dimensional four-fermion theory. Especially, we
introduce two matter currents coupled to the gauge field minimally: the
electromagnetic current and a topological current associated with the
electromagnetic current. Unlike other Chern-Simons solitons the N-soliton
solution of this theory has binding energy and the stability of the solutions
is maintained by the charge conservation laws.Comment: 7 pages, harvmac, To be published in Phys. Rev. D5
Conservative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment in a tracheal injury: a case report
- …