Methods of assessing the efficiency of innovation activities of industrial enterprises

The purpose of this study is to improve the methods for assessing the efficiency of innovation activity of an enterprise. The paper proposes a system of economic indicators to assess the market attractiveness of innovation projects and the readiness of the enterprise to implement them. Using these indicators, it is possible to predict the potential of an innovative product on the market, as well as to determine the financial and economic opportunities of the enterprise. The presented methods for assessing the impact of innovations on the development efficiency of the enterprise’s economic activities allow determining the growth rates of the main economic indicators of the organization. The developed mechanism for a comprehensive assessment of the implementation of innovations at the enterprise allows determining the commercial effectiveness of the introduction of innovations and the impact of new technologies on the intercompany results of the enterprise, resulting in the possibility of taking into account the commercial and intercompany efficiency of investment in projects

Characterization of Multiblock (Segmented) Copolyurethane- Imides and Nanocomposites Based Thereof Using AFM, Nanotribology, and Nanoindentation Methods

This chapter reviews our results on the morphology, tribological, and local mechanical property investigations of new copoly(urethane-imide)s (coPUIs) and nanocomposites based thereof using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentation (NI) methods. AFM in the contact mode of lateral forces revealed the presence of different contrast phases on the surface of synthesized films which depends on the chemical structure of monomers used. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), carbon nanofibers, graphene, tungsten disulfide and tungsten diselenide were introduced into coPUI matrices. Dependencies of microhardness and modulus of elasticity on the depth of indentation have been obtained. It was found that for each synthesized coPUI, there is only one type of carbon nanomaterials that exerts the greatest influence on their characteristics. The improvement of mechanical properties is found to mainly depend on the nature of the polymer matrix and filler. Our results showed that effective methods for improving of tribological characteristics can be either modification by SWCNTs (up to 1 wt.%) or heating at 30°C. Synthesized coPUI films and nanocomposites are very promising materials and can be used as thermoplastic elastomers for tribological applications, and their physical-mechanical properties can be controlled both by temperature and by mechanical action

Methodological approaches to the assessment of capitalization of construction enterprises

The paper is devoted to the study of methodological approaches to the assessment of capitalization of construction enterprises. The main objective of the study is the development of a strategy map of the enterprise, focused on the growth of its capitalization. The analysis of typology of capitalization mechanisms of companies is presented; author's recommendations on the arrangement of the financial mechanism of the company's fundamental capitalization are given. Theoretical approaches are considered and the influence of external and internal factors on the process of increasing the value of enterprises of the construction industry is determined. The mechanisms of capitalization are revealed and systematized due to the analysis of expansion of construction enterprises. The developed strategy map allows us to graphically identify the key factors that influence the creation of a high level of capitalization

Methodological approaches to the assessment of capitalization of construction enterprises

The paper is devoted to the study of methodological approaches to the assessment of capitalization of construction enterprises. The main objective of the study is the development of a strategy map of the enterprise, focused on the growth of its capitalization. The analysis of typology of capitalization mechanisms of companies is presented; author's recommendations on the arrangement of the financial mechanism of the company's fundamental capitalization are given. Theoretical approaches are considered and the influence of external and internal factors on the process of increasing the value of enterprises of the construction industry is determined. The mechanisms of capitalization are revealed and systematized due to the analysis of expansion of construction enterprises. The developed strategy map allows us to graphically identify the key factors that influence the creation of a high level of capitalization

Orientational Mobility in Dendrimer Melts: Molecular Dynamics Simulations

We have simulated the melt of poly­(carbosilane) dendrimers using atomistic models and have reproduced the effect predicted by the analytical theory; i.e., orientational autocorrelation functions of a segment from the same layer (numbered from periphery) are practically identical and do not depend on dendrimer size. The frequency dependences of the dielectric and NMR relaxation were obtained and studied in detail. The main contribution to the maxima of these dependences is given by the pulsation process. It leads to a shift of the maxima to low frequencies for the core segment in comparison with the maxima for peripheral segments. The contribution of local reorientation can also be significant, and in some cases this contribution manifests as an additional maximum. The nontrivial scaling laws in the frequency dependences of dielectric permittivity and NMR relaxation rate averaged over all layers of a dendrimer macromolecule are found. A similar scaling law is observed in the experiments on NMR relaxation but is not described by the analytical theory

<i>Fusarium</i> Species Causing Pepper Wilt in Russia: Molecular Identification and Pathogenicity

Fusarium wilt pathogens represent an ongoing threat to pepper production worldwide. This is the first report providing data on the molecular identification of Fusarium fungi that cause wilt in pepper in the southern regions of Russia. Monitoring of the Fusarium infection on pepper was carried out in 2019–2022 in two economically important regions of this culture production: the Krasnodar Krai and Crimea. Based on a phylogenetic analysis of the translation elongation factor (EF1a) and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), as well as the macro- and micromorphological characteristics of the fungi, the causative agents of Fusarium wilt have been identified. The causative agents identified as representatives of the Fusarium species composition included: F. clavus, F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. verticillioides, F. commune, F. torulosum, and F. sporotrichioides. Depending on the region, the specifics of biodiversity and the ratio of these species in pathocomplexes were noted. In Crimea, wilting could be attributed to all of the identified species; in the Krasnodar Krai, F. verticillioides and F. clavus were found to contribute to wilting. The pathogenicity test showed that the pathogens of pepper wilting in Russia, in addition to the already known F. oxysporum and F. solani, are the species F. clavus and F. verticillioides. This is the first report on the ability of these species to cause Fusarium wilt in pepper cultures. The obtained data will be of practical value for the development of biological control measures for fungi of the genus Fusarium, which cause pepper wilt in areas of industrial production and seed production. In addition, data on species composition and aggressive isolates will be used in a pepper breeding program for resistance to Fusarium wilt