URBANISATIONAND DEPRIVED CHILDREN EDUCATION IN INDIA: EMERGING IMPEDIMENTS

In contemporary years, there has been an incremental realization that urbanization is set to accelerate with India’s transition to faster economic growth, but there is still an inadequate understanding about the need to plan for urbanization. As a result, the urban centres became a source of exclusion of many sections in the manifold. Frequently, the children are one of most affected section with exclusion from their basic rights in rapid expansion of urban centres.At this point, the majorconcern is relatable to the deprived children in urban centres. For the most part, the urban government is unable to ensure the right of education of children who are in very deprived conditions in urban slums. Predominantly, the governments have much responsibility in discharging basic rights to all sections with an inclusive approach. In the whole phenomena of urbanization, the children, particularly from deprived experience, occupies very crucial part in policy discussion of both government and research domain. While it has been a major challenge to the government in urban centres of India.The present paper makes an attempt to assess the challenges in providing education for deprived children in urban centres of India. It, further, focuses on what are the immediate areas of attention by the government and researchers for betterment of educational opportunities of the children.Â

Wastewater Treatment and Reuse: Sustainability Options

In order to achieve ecological wastewater treatment, a “closed-loop treatment system” is recommended. Many present day systems are a “disposal-based linear system”. The traditional linear treatment systems must be transformed into the cyclical treatment to promote the conservation of water and nutrient resources. Using organic waste nutrient cycles, from “point-of-generation” to “point-of-production”, closes the resource loop and provides an approach for the management of valuable wastewater resources. Failing to recover organic wastewater from urban areas means a huge loss of life-supporting resources that instead of being used in agricultural for food production, fill rivers with polluted water. The development of ecological wastewater management strategies will contribute to the reduction of pathogens in surface and groundwater to improve public health. The objective of present paper is to give an insight into the appropriate technology for treatment of wastewater. The paper discusses sustainable wastewater treatment systems in the context of urban areas of the developing world. The paper concludes that “since the urban areas of many developing countries are growing rapidly, ecological sanitation systems must be implemented that are sustainable and have the ability to adapt and grow with the community’s sanitation needs”. In order to decide what the appropriate treatment system is, the developer must consider the area’s climate, topography, and socioeconomic factors

A Review on UAV Wireless Charging: Fundamentals, Applications, Charging Techniques and Standards

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly popular for applications such as inspections, delivery, agriculture, surveillance, and many more. It is estimated that, by 2040, UAVs/drones will become a mainstream delivery channel to satisfy the growing demand for parcel delivery. Though the UAVs are gaining interest in civil applications, the future of UAV charging is facing a set of vital concerns and open research challenges. Considering the case of parcel delivery, handling countless drones and their charging will become complex and laborious. The need for non-contact based multi-device charging techniques will be crucial in saving time and human resources. To efficiently address this issue, Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) for UAVs is a promising technology for multi-drone charging and autonomous handling of multiple devices. In the literature of the past five years, limited surveys were conducted for wireless UAV charging. Moreover, vital problems such as coil weight constraints, comparison between existing charging techniques, shielding methods and many other key issues are not addressed. This motivates the author in conducting this review for addressing the crucial aspects of wireless UAV charging. Furthermore, this review provides a comprehensive comparative study on wireless charging's technical aspects conducted by prominent research laboratories, universities, and industries. The paper also discusses UAVs' history, UAVs structure, categories of UAVs, mathematical formulation of coil and WPT standards for safer operation.publishedVersio

Molecular Biology of PCR Testing for COVID-19 Diagnostics

COVID-19 cases were first reported in December 2019, and since then it has spread quickly to create a global pandemic. This respiratory disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. A major contributing factor for the fast spread of this virus is that the infectivity by the asymptomatic carriers is similar to symptomatic patients. Thus, to identify the asymptomatic individuals and to provide the essential treatment and care to COVID-19 patients, we rely heavily on diagnostic assays. Efficient, reproducible and accessible diagnostic tests are crucial in combatting a pandemic. Currently, there are few key detection tests which have been successfully employed to field-use. However, there are constant efforts to enhance their efficacy and accessibility. This chapter aims at explaining the basic principles of the current molecular diagnostic tests, which determine the presence of the virus through the detection of its genetic material. This chapter will aid the readers in understanding the basic workings of these molecular diagnostic tests